John Carter Brown Library

File:Tovar Codex (folio 134).png

The John Carter Brown Library began as the private collection of John Carter Brown. Beginning in 1845, Brown began traveling throughout Europe in search of books and materials related European exploration and colonization of the New World.{{Cite news|last=McGill|first=Douglas C.|date=1988-02-19|title=Art People|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/19/arts/art-people.html|access-date=2021-08-22|issn=0362-4331}} Brown acquired a number of rare books from prominent libraries, including those of Henri Ternaux-Compans and Maximilian I of Mexico.{{Cite journal|last=Stockbridge|first=J. C.|date=August 23, 1877|title=The John Carter Brown Library|journal=New England Journal of Education|volume=6|issue=7|pages=74|jstor=44744778}}Mitchell, Martha. [https://www.brown.edu/Administration/News_Bureau/Databases/Encyclopedia/search.php?serial=J0070 "John Carter Brown Library"] in Encyclopedia Brunoniana (Providence, Rhode Island: Brown University Library, 1993)

After John Carter Brown's death, his wife Sophia Augusta Brown continued collecting with the advisement of John Russell Bartlett and Rush Hawkins.{{Cite journal|last=Carlton|first=W. N. C.|date=1914|title=The John Carter Brown Library: A History by George|journal=The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America|volume=8|issue=3/4|pages=135–39|jstor=24292230|doi=10.1086/pbsa.8.3_4.24292230|doi-access=free}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zoq_TtEN54IC&q=john+carter+brown&pg=PA382|title=International Dictionary of Library Histories|last=Stam|first=David H.|date=2001|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9781579582449|language=en}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j33i-WMOp1YC&q=john+carter+brown+gutenberg+bible&pg=PA356|title=A History of the Book in America: Volume 3: The Industrial Book, 1840-1880|last1=Casper|first1=Scott E.|last2=Groves|first2=Jeffrey D.|last3=Nissenbaum|first3=Stephen W.|last4=Winship|first4=Michael|date=2009-09-15|publisher=Univ of North Carolina Press|isbn=9780807868034|language=en}} During his lifetime, John Nicholas Brown, son of John Nicholas, continued to expand the collection. Prior to his 1900 death, the collection was kept in a special fireproof library within the Brown family residence. In accordance with his will, the trustees of Brown's estate established the collection, together with a building to house it, at a permanent site on the campus of Brown University.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=APtYCwAAQBAJ&q=John+Carter+brown+library|title=International Dictionary of Library Histories|last=Stam|first=David H.|date=2016-01-08|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781136777851|language=en}} Per an agreement reached between the executors and the university, the library is owned by the University Corporation but maintains "its own separate and special housing" and is "kept separate and distinct from any other Library."{{Cite book|last=Brown|first=Sylvia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QM0kDwAAQBAJ|title=Grappling with Legacy: Rhode Island'S Brown Family and the American Philanthropic Impulse|date=2017-05-08|publisher=Archway Publishing|isbn=978-1-4808-4418-6|language=en}}

The Library is housed in a Beaux-Arts style building on Brown's main green, designed by the architects Shepley, Rutan, and Coolidge, and completed in 1904. The building was expanded in 1990, with funds provided by New Jersey financier and philanthropist Finn M. W. Caspersen. The four-story annex, designed by the Washington, D.C., architects Hartman-Cox, was named the "Caspersen Building" in honor of Caspersen's parents.Brown University. The Dedication of the Caspersen Building September the Seventeenth A. D. MDCCCCXCI (Providence, Rhode Island: John Carter Brown Library, 1992).

File:The John Carter Brown Library (Brown Alumni Monthly).jpg|An illustration of the building published in 1902

File:John Carter Brown Library MacMillan Reading Room.jpg|Interior of the MacMillan Reading Room at the John Carter Brown Library

File:John Carter Brown Library dusk.jpg|The John Carter Brown Library in 2020

The collection of the John Carter Brown Library consists of more than 50,000 books written about both North and South America until roughly the end of the colonial era in the Americas, as well as around 16,000 specialized reference books providing supplementary information about the Library's holdings. The Library also holds a major collection of prints, manuscripts, and maps of the New World.

The collection of the John Carter Brown Library begins chronologically with fifteenth-century editions of Columbus's celebrated "letter" to the Spanish court announcing the discovery of lands to the west. The Library houses one of the largest collections of books printed in British North America before 1800, the world's most complete collection of Mexican works printed before 1600, the largest collection of printed works relating to Brazil before 1820, a collection of printed sources for the study of early Canada and the Caribbean, nearly three-quarters of all known imprints in the Native languages of North and South America from the colonial period, and the largest collection of political pamphlets produced at the time of the American revolution.File:JCB Bay Psalm Book title page.jpg, owned by Richard Mather, and acquired by John Carter Brown in 1881]]Collection highlights include the best preserved of eleven extant copies of Bay Psalm Book, the first book printed in British North America,Shurtleff, Nath. B., and Bradford F. Swan. "Some Thoughts on the Bay Psalm Book of 1640: With a Census of Copies." The Yale University Library Gazette 22, no. 3 (1948): 51–76. {{JSTOR|40857360}}. a Shakespeare First Folio, leaves from the Gutenberg Bible, a copy of the first Bible printed in British North America, one of four surviving copies of Benjamin Franklin's A Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity, Pleasure and Pain,{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TUUvLQxzoKoC&q=A+Dissertation+on+Liberty+and+Necessity%2C+Pleasure+and+Pain+john+carter+brown+library&pg=PA96|title=The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin|last=Franklin|first=Benjamin|date=2003|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=9780300098587|language=en}} one of two copies of the hand-illustrated Tovar Codex, an important 16th-century source on Aztec culture,{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jvxzDwAAQBAJ&q=tovar+codex+John+Carter+brown&pg=PA43|title=The Codex Mexicanus: A Guide to Life in Late Sixteenth-Century New Spain|last=Diel|first=Lori Boornazian|date=2018-12-12|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=9781477316757|language=en}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uw9MCgAAQBAJ&q=tovar+codex+John+Carter+brown&pg=PA71|title=In the Shadow of Cortés: Conversations Along the Route of Conquest|last=Myers|first=Kathleen Ann|date=2015-10-15|publisher=University of Arizona Press|isbn=9780816532308|language=en}} and a copy of Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana, the first dictionary published in the New World.

The Library also holds many important maps and prints relating to the New World. These maps include one of the first printed attempts to depict America in cartographic form (the so-called Stevens-Brown map, a prototype of the 1513 Ptolemy Orbis Typus); the first printed map of Hernán Cortés’s Mexico City, built on the ruins of the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlán; the earliest known printed plan of a European settlement in what is now the United States (a plan of Fort Caroline built by Huguenot settlers in 1565 near present-day Jacksonville, Florida); and one of the earliest maps to show the French exploration of the Mississippi River, attributed to Louis Joliet.

In 2012, a group of Brown undergraduates and scholars deciphered an encoded essay in the hand of Roger Williams, scrawled in the marginalia of a book within the Library's holdings. This essay, thought to be Williams's last, concerns a theological debate on the nature of baptism and Indian conversion.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2012/12/04/brown-university-students-crack-roger-williams-code/6n1B9sLy812OyfOwWdIHvM/story.html|title=Brown students decode Roger Williams's shorthand|first=Martine|last=Powers|date=4 December 2012|work=The Boston Globe|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-04}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=raV6oAEACAAJ|title=Decoding Roger Williams: The Lost Essay of Rhode Island's Founding Father|last1=Fisher|first1=Linford D.|last2=Lemons|first2=J. Stanley|last3=Mason-Brown|first3=Lucas|date=2014|publisher=Baylor University Press|isbn=9781481301046|language=en}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.providencejournal.com/article/20141130/entertainment/311309924|title=Book review: Beyond a doubt, it's Roger Williams' writing|last=Chaput|first=Erik J.|website=providencejournal.com|language=en|access-date=2019-05-04}}

[https://jcblibrary.org/collection/digital-images The Archive of Early American Images] is drawn from the holdings of the John Carter Brown Library. The AEAI assists scholars in their quest for contemporary images to illustrate their research findings and to facilitate the study of historical images in their own right and in proper context. It is a unique resource for picture researchers, documentary filmmakers, and others looking for material for commercial use. Many of these American images come from books printed in the early modern period that have never been reproduced before.

As of August 2014, the database—which also includes a Map Collection, Political Cartoon Collection, and John Russell Bartlett Boundary Commission Collection—had about 11,270 images and is still growing. Images in this database are accompanied by extensive bibliographical and descriptive information and come from books in most European, and some Indigenous, languages from before c. 1825.

File:"Sylvia Augusta Brown Fund" "John Carter Brown Library" - from, Ceremonies funebres de toutes les nations. (IA ceremoniesfunebr00mure) (page 2 crop).jpg

Karin Wulf is the current Beatrice and Julio Mario Santo Domingo Director and Librarian of the library. Neil Safier was the Director and Librarian of the John Carter Brown Library from 2013 until 2021. Safier was preceded by: Edward L. Widmer (2006–2012); Norman Fiering (1983–2006); Thomas R. Adams (1958–1982); Lawrence C. Wroth (1924–1957);{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/26/archives/dr-lawrence-c-wroth-editor-and-brown-u-librarian-dies.html|title=Dr. Lawrence C. Wroth, Editor And Brown U. Librarian, Dies|date=1970-12-26|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-05-04|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} Worthington C. Ford (1917–1922); Champlin Burrage (1916); George Parker Winship (1895–1915).

• American Friends of the Hakluyt Society
• List of libraries in Rhode Island

• Lawrence C. Wroth, [http://www.brown.edu/Facilities/John_Carter_Brown_Library/exhibitions/electronicpub/firstCentury.pdf The First Century of the John Carter Brown Library: A History with a Guide to the Collections], (1946).
• John Carter Brown Library, Annual Reports, 1901–1966, eight volumes, (1972).
• John Carter Brown Library,"[http://www.brown.edu/Facilities/John_Carter_Brown_Library/exhibitions/electronicpub/caspersen.pdf The Dedication of the Caspersen Building]," (1992).

{{Commons category|John Carter Brown Library}}

• [http://www.jcblibrary.org The John Carter Brown Library]
• [https://archive.org/details/JohnCarterBrownLibrary The John Carter Brown Library's Internet Archive Collection]
• [https://jcb.lunaimaging.com/luna/servlet The John Carter Brown Library's Digitized Image Collections]
• [https://www.wdl.org/en/search/?institution=john-carter-brown-library The John Carter Brown Library's Collection on the World Digital Library]

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Category:Library buildings completed in 1904

Category:Brown University libraries

Category:Research libraries in the United States

Category:World Digital Library partners

Category:Mesoamerican studies

Category:Special collections libraries in the United States

Category:Rare book libraries in the United States