John Clarke Hawkshaw
{{Short description|British civil engineer (1841–1921)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox engineer
|image = John Clarke Hawkshaw (W H Gibbs 1888).jpg
|image_size =
|caption = J. Clarke Hawkshaw. Steel engraving by W. H. Gibbs from a photograph by Witcomb
|name = John Clarke Hawkshaw
|nationality = British
|birth_date = 17 August 1841
|birth_place =
|death_date = 12 February 1921
|death_place =
|education =
|spouse =
|parents =
|children =
|discipline = Civil
|institutions = Institution of Civil Engineers (president)
|practice_name =
|significant_projects =
|significant_design =
|significant_advance =
|significant_awards =
}}
John Clarke Hawkshaw (7 August 1841 – 12 February 1921) was a British civil engineer.{{Citation | journal = Nature| author-link = Nature (journal) | title = Obituary | date = 3 March 1921 | volume = 107 | issue = 2679 | page = 20 | doi = 10.1038/107020b0 | bibcode = 1921Natur.107R..20. | url = http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v107/n2679/abs/107020b0.html | access-date =6 January 2008}}{{Citation | last = British Museum (Natural History)| author-link = Natural History Museum, London | title = Bulletin 1959–1963| year = 1969| url = https://archive.org/stream/bulletinofbritis02histlond/bulletinofbritis02histlond_djvu.txt | access-date =6 January 2008}}
Biography
Hawkshaw was born in Manchester, England in 1841 and was the son of civil engineer Sir John Hawkshaw and Lady Ann Hawkshaw.{{Citation|last=Masterton |first=Gordon |title=ICE Presidential Address |year=2005 |url=http://www.ice.org.uk/downloads//presidents_address_2005(1).pdf |access-date=3 December 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224220450/http://www.ice.org.uk/downloads//presidents_address_2005%281%29.pdf |archive-date=24 February 2009 }}{{Citation| last =Darwin Correspondence Project| author-link =Darwin Correspondence Project| title =Ann Hawkshaw, 1813–85| url =http://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/darwinletters/namedefs/namedef-2173.html| archive-url =https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20070822120000/http://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/darwinletters/namedefs/namedef-2173.html| url-status =dead| archive-date =22 August 2007| access-date =6 January 2009}} He attended Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was president of the University Boat Club and rowed in the annual Boat Race against Oxford University in 1863 and 1864.{{acad|id=HWKW860JC|name=Hawkshaw, John Clarke}} On 9 December 1862 John Clarke Hawkshaw was commissioned as an ensign in the Third Cambridgeshire Rifle Volunteer Corps a Volunteer Force unit stationed at Cambridge University.{{London Gazette|issue=22689 |page=6315|date=12 December 1862}}{{Citation | last = RootsWeb| author-link = The Generations Network | title = The Cambridgeshire Regiment | url = http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~engcam/Military/cambregt.htm| access-date =6 January 2009}} He resigned his commission as ensign in the unit on 1 December 1863.{{London Gazette|issue=22793 |page=6311|date=1 December 1863}} Hawkshaw graduated with a Master of Arts degree and lived at Liphook in Hampshire.{{Citation | last = The Peerage| title = John Clarke Hawkshaw | date = 24 December 2006 | url = http://www.thepeerage.com/p21437.htm | access-date =6 January 2009}} By 1876 Hawkshaw was a partner in his father's civil engineering firm.{{Harvnb|Watson|1989|p=79}}.
In March 1876 Hawkshaw was elected a member of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers, an institution that he would become president of in 1889.{{Harvnb|Watson|1989|p=166}}. He served as the 39th president of the Institution of Civil Engineers from November 1902 to November 1903.{{Harvnb|Watson|1988|p=252}}. In holding that office he followed in the footsteps of his father who had been the 11th president from December 1861 to December 1863.{{Harvnb|Watson|1988|p=251}}. The largest civil engineering project undertaken by the firm which was initiated by John Clarke Hawkshaw was the Puerto Madero docks in Buenos Aires, Argentina (1887–98).
On 4 October 1884 Hawkshaw was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel in Command of the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps, an unpaid Royal Engineers volunteer unit which provides technical expertise to the British Army.{{London Gazette|issue=25401 |page=4334|date=3 October 1884}} He was granted the honorary rank of Colonel on 25 October 1902,{{London Gazette|issue=27487|page=6744|date=24 October 1902}} and on 6 February 1903 received the Volunteer Officers' Decoration (VD), a reward for more than 20 years of volunteer military service.{{London Gazette|issue=27522|page=753|date=6 February 1903}} He continued as Lieutenant-Colonel in Command when the regiment became part of the Territorial Force on 1 April 1908.{{London Gazette|issue=28207 |page=9758|date=22 December 1908}} Hawkshaw also served as a Justice of the Peace.
In 1903 he was appointed a member of the Royal Commission to decide the British submission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition of 1904.{{London Gazette|issue=27546|page=2614|date=24 April 1903}}
Hawkshaw was married to Cicely Mary Wedgwood the daughter of Francis Wedgwood of the famous pottery firm. He died on 12 February 1921, Cicely had died on 6 September 1917.Memorial, St Luke's Churchyard, Linch, West Sussex, England
References
{{Reflist}}
= Bibliography =
- {{citation | last = Watson | first = Garth | title = The Civils | publisher = Thomas Telford Ltd | year = 1988 | isbn = 0-7277-0392-7}}
- {{citation | last = Watson | first = Garth | title = The Smeatonians: The Society of Civil Engineers | publisher = Thomas Telford Ltd | year = 1989 | location = London | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ybXHDw8u_VcC | isbn = 0-7277-1526-7}}
- {{Cite journal | author1 = UNKNOWN | doi = 10.1680/imotp.1923.15718 | title = Obituary. John Clarke Hawkshaw, Past-President, 1841–1921 | journal = Minutes of the Proceedings | volume = 215 | issue = 1923 | pages = 341 | year = 1923 | doi-access = free }}
- {{Cite journal | last1 = Hawkshaw | first1 = J. C. | title = The Construction of the Albert Dock at Kingston-upon-Hull. (Includes Plates and Appendix) | doi = 10.1680/imotp.1875.22677 | journal = Minutes of the Proceedings | volume = 41 | issue = 1875 | pages = 92–113 | year = 1875 | url =https://archive.org/stream/minutesproceedi16britgoog#page/n122/mode/2up}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-npo|pro}}
{{s-bef|before=Charles Hawksley}}
{{s-ttl|title=President of the Institution of Civil Engineers
|years=November 1902 – November 1903}}
{{s-aft|after=William Henry White}}
{{end}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hawkshaw, John Clarke}}
Category:People educated at Westminster School, London
Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
Category:Engineers from Manchester
Category:British civil engineers
Category:Presidents of the Institution of Civil Engineers
Category:Presidents of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers
Category:Engineer and Railway Staff Corps officers
Category:Volunteer Force officers