John E. Mathews

{{Short description|American judge (1892–1955)}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = John E. Mathews

| image = Portrait of Florida Supreme Court Justice John E. Mathews.jpg

| caption = Mathews in 1951

| office = Chief Justice of the Florida Supreme Court

| termstart = January 1955

| termend = April 29, 1955

| prior_term =

| nominator =

| appointer =

| predecessor =

| successor =

| office2 = Justice of the Florida Supreme Court

| termstart2 = October 23, 1951

| termend2 = April 29, 1955

| nominator2 =

| appointer2 = Fuller Warren

| predecessor2 = Alto L. Adams

| successor2 = B. Campbell Thornal

| termstart4 = April 6, 1943

| termend4 = April 3, 1951

| nominator4 =

| predecessor4 = J. Turner Butler

| successor4 = Wayne E. Ripley

| birth_date = {{birth date|1892|07|19}}

| birth_place = Jacksonville, Florida.

| death_date = {{death date and age|1955|04|29|1892|07|19}}

| death_place = Tallahassee, Florida, U.S.

| state_senate4 = Florida

| district4 = 18th

}}

John Elie Mathews (July 19, 1892 – April 29, 1955) was an American lawyer, legislator, and judge. He was a justice of the Florida Supreme Court from 1951 to 1955.

Mathews was born on July 19, 1892, in Tattnall County, Georgia.Erik Robinson, "Florida Supreme Court Justices: List of Life Dates", Florida Supreme Court Historical Society (June 2010). Mathews began his legal career in Georgia in 1913 before moving to Jacksonville, Florida and opening a practice in 1916.{{cite web |title=Justice John Elie Mathews |url=https://www.floridasupremecourt.org/Justices/Former-Justices/Justice-John-Elie-Mathews |website=Florida Supreme Court |accessdate=June 17, 2020}} He married Alice Schumpert. His son, future Florida legislator John E. Mathews Jr., was born in 1920.{{cite web |title=John E. Mathews, Jr. Collection: Biographical Highlights |url=https://www.unf.edu/library/specialcollections/manuscripts/john-mathews/John_Mathews_Biography.aspx |website=University of North Florida |accessdate=June 17, 2020}}

He served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1928 to 1932. In 1942, Mathews was elected to the Florida Senate. In 1945, he was a part of the movement to re-apportion the legislature to reflect the growing population in the state's cities. Mathews led an unsuccessful campaign to exclude blacks from the Democratic primary election in 1947. He was also an opponent of desegregation of the University of Florida during his time in the Senate. In 1950, Mathews was defeated in a re-election campaign, partially through the mobilization of black voters.{{cite book |last1=Bartley |first1=Abel |title=Keeping the Faith: Race, Politics, and Social Development in Jacksonville, Florida, 1940-1970 |date=2000 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=0313310351 |page=44}}

In 1951, Justice Alto Adams resigned from the Florida Supreme Court to run for governor.Joseph A. Boyd Jr., Randall Reder, "[http://repository.law.miami.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2341&context=umlr A History of the Florida Supreme Court]", University of Miami Law Review (1981), p. 1059. Mathews was chosen as his replacement by political ally Governor Fuller Warren, and he joined the Court on October 23, 1951. As a justice, Mathews spearheaded the creation of the District Courts of Appeal to reduce the workload of the Supreme Court. He spoke out against the Brown v. Board of Education ruling that integrated the nation's schools. Mathews' health had already begun to fail when he became the Chief Justice in January 1955. He died of a heart attack on April 29, 1955, in Tallahassee, Florida. The Mathews Bridge in Jacksonville is named in honor of him.