John Ellard Gore
{{Short description|Irish astronomer and author}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2014}}
{{Use Hiberno-English|date=February 2014}}
{{Infobox scientist
|name = John Ellard Gore
|image = John Ellard Gore.png
|image_size = 200px
|caption = John Ellard Gore
|birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1845|6|1}}
|birth_place = Athlone, County Westmeath, Ireland
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1910|07|18|1845|6|1}}
|death_place = Grafton Street, Dublin, Ireland
|nationality = Irish
|field = Astronomy
|work_institutions =
|alma_mater = Trinity College, Dublin
|known_for =
|author_abbrev_bot =|author_abbrev_zoo =
}}
John Ellard Gore (1845–1910) was an Irish amateur astronomer and prolific author, and a founding member of the British Astronomical Association. He was mainly interested in variable stars of which he discovered several, most notably W Cygni in 1884, U Orionis in 1885, and independently discovered Nova Persei.{{cite journal| title = John Ellard Gore: of immensity and minuteness | arxiv = 1203.6467| author = Shears, Jeremy | journal = Journal of the British Astronomical Association| year = 2012| volume = 123| page = 85| bibcode = 2013JBAA..123...85S}}{{cite web| title = Obituary of John Ellard Gore (The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada) | url = http://www.rasc.ca/corresponding-member-mr-j-ellard-gore | author = E. Briggs | date = 25 May 2013 | access-date = 2014-01-29}}{{cite journal
| last = FitzGerald
| first = A. P.
| author-link =
| title = John Ellard Gore (1845–1910)
| journal = Irish Astronomical Journal
| volume = 7
| number = 7/8
| pages = 213–219
| date = 1966
| bibcode = 1966IrAJ....7..213F
| url = http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1966IrAJ....7..213F
| access-date = 28 January 2016
| title = John Ellard Gore
| journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
| volume = 71
| number = 4
| pages = 256–257
| date = 1911
| place = London
| bibcode = 1911MNRAS..71R.256.
| doi=10.1093/mnras/71.4.256a
| doi-access = free
| last = Macpherson
| first = Hector
| author-link = Hector Macpherson (astronomer)
| title = John Ellard Gore
| journal = Popular Astronomy
| volume = 18
| number = 9
| pages = 519–525
| date = 1910
| bibcode = 1910PA.....18..519M
| url = http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1910PA.....18..519M
| access-date = 28 January 2016
| last = Hollis
| first = Henry Park
| author-link =
| title = John Ellard Gore
| journal = The Observatory
| volume = 311
| issue = 425
| pages = 316–318
| date = 1910
| bibcode = 1910Obs....33..311.
| url = http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1910Obs....33..311./0000316.000.html
| access-date = 28 January 2016
| last = Lynn
| first = W. T.
| author-link =
| title = John Ellard Gore
| journal = Journal of the British Astronomical Association
| volume = 20
| number = 9
| pages = 483–484
| date = 1910
| place = London, Britain
| bibcode = 1910JBAA...20..483.
| url = http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1910JBAA...20..483.
| access-date = 28 January 2016
| last1 = Hollis
| first1 = Henry Park
| title = Gore, John Ellard (1845–1910), astronomical writer | Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
| author-link1 =
| last2 = Elliott
| first2 = Ian
| author2-link =
| contribution = Gore, John Ellard
| date = 2004
| encyclopedia = Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| place = Oxford, England
| doi = 10.1093/ref:odnb/33473
| url = http://oxforddnb.com/view/article/33473
| last = Elliott
| first = Ian
| author-link =
| contribution = Gore, John Ellard
| date = 2007
| pages = 830–832
| title = Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers
| editor-last = Hockey | editor-first = Thomas
| editor2-last = Trimble | editor2-first = Virginia
| editor3-last = Williams | editor3-first = Thomas R.
| publisher = Springer Publishing
| place = New York
| isbn = 978-1-4419-9917-7
| doi = 10.1007/978-1-4419-9917-7_531
| title-link = Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers
}}
In 2009, the IAU named a lunar impact crater after Gore.
Early life
Gore was born in Athlone, County Westmeath, in 1845, the eldest son of the Venerable John Ribton Gore and Frances Brabazon Ellard. He had 3 brothers and one sister. The Gore family descended from Sir Paul Gore, 1st Baronet and John's great grandfather was Sir Arthur Gore, 1st Baronet. He studied at Trinity College and received a diploma in Civil Engineering in 1865.
Professional career
Gore worked as a railway engineer in Ireland for over two years before being appointed as an assistant engineer with the Indian Public Works Department on the Sirhind Canal project. In 1877 he returned to Ireland on two years leave of absence and lived in Ballysadare County Sligo with his father. In 1879, he retired after 11 years of service with a pension and after the death of his father in 1894, moved to Dublin where he spent the rest of his life devoted to astronomy.
Astronomy
Gore had no formal training in astronomy, and began to study the sky while working in India. While there, he relied on his naked eyes, binoculars, a three-inch telescope and a ten centimeter telescope on an equatorial mount. His first book "Southern Stellar Objects for Small Telescopes" was published in India in 1877.
On his return to Ireland in 1877, he used a three-inch telescope and binoculars.{{cite book|author=Jay B. Holberg|title=Sirius: Brightest Diamond in the Night Sky|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zc3zw-YgOPkC&pg=PA92|date=5 July 2007|publisher=Praxis Publishing Limited, Chichester, UK|isbn=978-0-387-48942-1|pages=92–}} He set up an observatory in Sligo, and later set up at 3 Northumberland Street, Dublin. His greatest contribution was his studies of double and variable stars, and he published catalogues of variables and binary stars.{{Citation
| title = A Medieval Irish Treatise on Astronomy Recalled
| url = http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?bibcode=1998IrAJ...25...49B&db_key=AST&page_ind=1&plate_select=NO&data_type=GIF&type=SCREEN_GIF&classic=YES
| journal = Irish Astronomical Journal
| volume = 25
| pages = 49
| last1 = Brück | first1 = M. T. | author-link1 = Mary Brück
| last2 = Conway-Piskorski | first2 = M.
| access-date = 28 January 2016 | bibcode = 1998IrAJ...25...49B | year = 1998
}}, see p. 50
Gore died on 18 July 1910 when struck by a horse and car whilst crossing Grafton St., Dublin.{{cite DNB12|wstitle=Gore, John Ellard |first=Henry Park |last=Hollis}}{{cite news| publisher = Dublin Daily Express | title = FATAL ACCIDENT IN GRAFTON STREET | date = 19 July 1910}}
Books
- {{cite book|last=Gore|first=John Ellard|date=1877|title=Southern Stellar Objects for Small Telescopes|url=https://archive.org/details/southernstellaro00gorerich/page/n15/mode/2up|publisher=Lodiana|page=144}}
- {{cite book|last=Gore|first=John Ellard|date=1888|title=Planetary and Stellar Studies|url=https://archive.org/details/planetarystellar00gorerich|publisher=Roper & Drowley|page=280}}
- {{cite book|last=Gore|first=John Ellard|date=1890|title=Astronomical Lessons|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.222561|publisher=Sutton, Drowley & Co|page=150}}
- {{cite book|last=Gore|first=John Ellard|date=1891|title=Star Groups|url=https://archive.org/details/stargroupsstuden00gorerich
|publisher=Crosby Lockwood & Son|page=136}}
- {{cite book|last=Gore|first=John Ellard|date=1893|title=The Visible Universe|url=https://archive.org/details/visibleuniverse00goregoog|publisher=Crosby Lockwood & Son|page=472}}
- {{cite book|last=Gore|first=John Ellard|date=1893|title=An Astronomical Glossary|url=https://archive.org/details/b24861686|publisher=Crosby Lockwood & Son|page=210}}
- {{cite book|last=Gore|first=John Ellard|date=1894|title=The Worlds of Space|url=https://archive.org/details/worldsofspaceser00gorerich|publisher=A D Innes & Co|page=376}}
- {{cite book|last=Gore|first=John Ellard|date=1904|title=Studies in Astronomy|url=https://archive.org/details/studiesinastrono00gorerich/page/n10/mode/2up|publisher=Chatto & Windus|page=372}}
- {{cite book|last=Gore|first=John Ellard|date=1907|title=Astronomical Essays|url=https://archive.org/details/astronomicalessa00gorerich|publisher=Chatto & Windus|page=376}}
- {{cite book|last=Gore|first=John Ellard|date=1909|title=Astronomical Curiosities|url=https://archive.org/details/astronomicalcuri00gorerich|publisher=Chatto & Windus|page=392}}
Legacy
In 2009, the IAU named a lunar impact crater located on the lunar near side near the northern pole after Gore.{{Citation | title = Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Gore on Moon | url = http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/14528 | author = International Astronomical Union Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature | author-link = International Astronomical Union | journal = Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature | access-date = 28 January 2016}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{Gutenberg author | id=39925| name=John Ellard Gore}}
- {{Internet Archive author |sname=John Ellard Gore |sopt=t}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gore, John Ellard}}
Category:20th-century Irish writers
Category:20th-century Irish male writers
Category:Fellows of the Royal Astronomical Society
Category:Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
Category:Irish non-fiction writers
Category:Irish male non-fiction writers
Category:19th-century British astronomers
Category:Writers from County Westmeath
Category:19th-century Irish astronomers