John Frederick Kensett

{{Infobox artist

| name = John Frederick Kensett

| image = John Frederick Kensett, by David Johnson.jpg

| caption = John Frederick Kensett (David Johnson, 1874)

| birth_name =

| birth_date = {{birth date |1816|3|22|}}

| birth_place = Cheshire, Connecticut

| death_date = {{death date and age |1872|12|14|1816|3|22|}}

| death_place = New York City

| nationality = American

| field = Painting, Landscape art, Engraving

| training =

| movement = Luminism

| works =

| patrons =

| influenced by =

| influenced =

| awards =

}}

John Frederick Kensett (March 22, 1816 – December 14, 1872) was an American

landscape painter and engraver born in Cheshire, Connecticut. He was a member of the second generation of the Hudson River School of artists. Kensett's signature works are landscape paintings of New England and New York State, whose clear light and serene surfaces celebrate transcendental qualities of nature, and are associated with Luminism. Kensett's early work owed much to the influence of Thomas Cole, but was from the outset distinguished by a preference for cooler colors and an interest in less dramatic topography, favoring restraint in both palette and composition.Barringer and Wilton, 25 The work of Kensett's maturity features tranquil scenery depicted with a spare geometry, culminating in series of paintings in which coastal promontories are balanced against glass-smooth water.Barringer and Wilton, 204–209 He was a founder of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Biography

Born on March 22, 1816, Kensett attended school at Cheshire Academy and studied engraving with his English immigrant father, Thomas Kensett, and later with his uncle, Alfred Daggett. He worked as an engraver in the New Haven area until about 1838, then went to work as a banknote engraver in New York City.

In 1840, along with Asher Durand and John William Casilear, Kensett traveled to Europe to study painting. There he met and traveled with Benjamin Champney. The two sketched and painted throughout Europe, refining their talents. During this period, Kensett developed an appreciation and affinity for 17th-century Dutch landscape painting. Kensett and Champney returned to the United States in 1847.

=Established studio=

File:John Frederick Kensett painting.jpg

After establishing his studio and settling in New York, Kensett traveled extensively throughout the Northeast and the Colorado Rockies as well as making several trips back to Europe.

Kensett is best known for his landscape of upstate New York and New England and seascapes of coastal New Jersey, Long Island, and New England. He is most closely associated with the "second generation" of the Hudson River School. Along with Sanford Robinson Gifford, Fitz Henry Lane, Jasper Francis Cropsey, Martin Johnson Heade and others, the works of the "Luminists", as they came to be known, were characterized by unselfconscious, nearly invisible brushstrokes used to convey the qualities and effects of atmospheric light. Such effects stemmed from Transcendentalist philosophies of sublime nature and contemplation bringing one closer to spiritual truth. In 1848 he was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member and became a full Academician in 1849.

In 1851 Kensett painted a monumental canvas of Mount Washington that has become an icon of White Mountain art. Mount Washington from the Valley of Conway was purchased by the American Art Union, made into an engraving by James Smillie, and distributed to 13,000 Art Union subscribers throughout the country. Other artists painted copies of this scene from the print. Currier and Ives published a similar print in about 1860. This single painting by Kensett helped to popularize the White Mountain region of New Hampshire.

Image:PostcardDarienCTContentmentIsland1914.jpg near Darien, Connecticut.]]

Kensett's style evolved gradually, from the traditional Hudson River School manner in the 1850s into the more refined Luminist style in his later years. By the early 1870s, Kensett was spending considerable time at his home on Contentment Island, on Long Island Sound near Darien, Connecticut.

It was during this time that Kensett painted some of his finest works. Many of these were spare and luminist seascapes, the prime example being [http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/hurs/ho_74.29.htm Eaton's Neck, Long Island] (1872) now in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.

The artist was widely acclaimed and financially successful during his lifetime. In turn, he was generous in support of the arts and artists. He was a full member of the National Academy of Design, the founder and president of the Artists' Fund Society, and a founder and trustee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Death

Kensett contracted pneumonia (perhaps during the attempted rescue of Mary Lydia (Hancock) Colyer, the wife of his friend and fellow artist Vincent Colyer in Long Island Sound) and died of heart failure at his New York studio in December 1872. He is interred at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York. In 1874 Kensett's brother Thomas gave thirty-eight of his paintings to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, of which half remain in the collection.Barringer and Wilton, 208

Legacy

The first complete biography and factual study of Kensett's work were written by Ellen H. Johnson, published in 1957.

Paintings

Trout Fisherman John Frederick Kensett.jpeg|Trout Fisherman, oil on canvas, 1852. Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum

Upper Mississippi John Frederick Kensett.jpeg|Upper Mississippi, oil on canvas, 1855. St. Louis Art Museum

1870, Kensett, John Frederick, Lake George.jpg|Lake George, c. 1870, Princeton University Art Museum

Kensett John F The Old Pine Darien Connecticut.jpg|The Old Pine, Darien, Connecticut, c. 1872, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City

View of the Beach at Beverly Massachusetts John Frederick Kensett.jpeg|View of the Beach at Beverly, Massachusetts, oil on canvas, 1860. Santa Barbara Museum of Art

John Frederick Kensett - Lake George.jpg|Lake George, 1860–1869. Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum

JKensett Mount Washington (JJH-JFK001).jpg|Mount Washington from the Valley of Conway, 1869, The Wellesley College Museum

Brooklyn Museum - Lake George - John Frederick Kensett - overall.jpg| Lake George – Brooklyn Museum

Kensett John F Lake George.jpg|Lake George, oil on canvas, 1869, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, has been called "one of the culminating works of the American tradition that began with Cole and Durand, both of whom had painted the lake."Barrington and Wilton, 134

Eaton's Neck, Long Island.jpg|Eaton's Neck, Long Island in New York, 1872, The Metropolitan Museum of Art

Notes

References

Barringer, Tim and Wilton, Andrew. American Sublime: Landscape Painting in the United States 1820-1880, Princeton University Press, 2002. {{ISBN|0-691-09670-8}}
Driscoll, John Paul and John K. Howat. John Frederick Kensett, An American Master, W. W. Norton & Company: New York, New York, 1985.
Johnson, Ellen Hulda. "Kensett Revisited", The Art Quarterly, Spring 1957, pp. 71 – 92.

External links

[http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/38038/rec/39 American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School], an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Kensett (see index)
[http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/56268/rec/16 Art and the empire city: New York, 1825-1861], an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Kensett (see index)
[http://www.nysl.nysed.gov/msscfa/sc19480.htm Finding Aid to John Frederick Kensett Papers, 1830-1872] at the New York State Library, accessed May 18, 2016.
[https://web.archive.org/web/20120418194515/http://www.whitemountainart.com/ArtistGalleries/gal_jfk.htm White Mountain paintings by John Frederick Kensett]
[http://www.johnfrederickkensett.org www.JohnFrederickKensett.org] 145 works by John Frederick Kensett
[https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search#!?q=John%20Frederick%20Kensett&perPage=20&offset=0&pageSize=0&sortBy=Relevance&sortOrder=asc&searchField=ArtistCulture Metropolitan Museum of Art online catalogue]'s collection of Kensett works.