John H. Lienhard V
{{short description|American mechanical engineer }}
{{Infobox scientist
|name = John H. Lienhard V
|image = File:JohnHLienhardV.jpg
|caption = Lienhard in February 2016
|birth_name = John Henry Lienhard V
|birth_date = {{birth year and age|1961}}
|birth_place = Pullman, Washington, U.S.
|parents = {{unbulleted list|John H. Lienhard|Carol Ann Bratton}}
|fields = Desalination, heat transfer, thermodynamics
|workplaces = Massachusetts Institute of Technology
|known_for = Desalination, liquid-jet impingement, high-heat-flux engineering, textbooks
|education = {{plainlist|
- University of California, Los Angeles (BSc, MSc)
- University of California, San Diego (PhD)
}}
|awards = {{plainlist|
- AIChE Donald Q. Kern Award (2022)
- ASME Edward F. Obert Award (2019)
- ASME Heat Transfer Memorial Award (2015)
- ASME Technical Communities Globalization Medal (2012)
}}
|thesis_title=The decay of turbulence in thermally stratified flow
|thesis_year=1988
|doctoral_advisor=Charles W. Van Atta
|website={{URL|https://lienhard.mit.edu}}
}}
John Henry Lienhard V (born 1961) is the Abdul Latif Jameel Professor of Water and Mechanical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His research focuses on desalination, heat transfer, and thermodynamics. He has also written several engineering textbooks.
Childhood and education
Lienhard was born in 1961 in Pullman, Washington, where his father, John H. Lienhard IV, was a professor at Washington State University. His mother, Carol Ann Bratton, a violinist, was a member of the Washington State University String Quartet.{{cite web |title=Carol Ann Lienhard |url=https://www.bradshawcarter.com/tributes/Carol-Lienhard |website=Tribute for Carol Ann Lienhard |publisher=Bradshaw-Carter Funeral Services |access-date=21 February 2025}} The family moved to Lexington, Kentucky in 1967 when his father took a position at the University of Kentucky. Lienhard attended primary school and high school in Lexington.{{Cite web|url=https://www.doverpublications.com/mathsci/0921/e/|title=Author Interview: John Lienhard|first=Rochelle|last=Kronzek|date=21 September 2011|website=www.doverpublications.com|publisher=Dover Publications|access-date=18 January 2020}}
Lienhard enrolled at the University of Kentucky when he was 16. He completed his bachelor's degree in engineering, summa cum laude, at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1982, and he took his master's degree in heat and mass transfer at UCLA in 1984 for research on Rayleigh–Bénard instability.{{Cite thesis|url=https://catalog.library.ucla.edu/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=2224481|title=Thermal instability and heat transfer in a singly partitioned horiziontal fluid layer|type=MSc thesis|first=John H., 5th|last=Lienhard|institution=University of California, Los Angeles|date=March 1984|oclc=12611345}}
He then transferred to the University of California, San Diego, where he wrote his doctoral dissertation on wind tunnel measurements of strongly stratified turbulent flow, finishing in 1988.{{Cite thesis|url=http://roger.ucsd.edu/record=b3186890~S9|type=PhD dissertation|title=The decay of turbulence in thermally stratified flow|date=January 1988|first=John H., V|last=Lienhard|institution=University of California, San Diego|oclc=17853349}}{{Dead link|date=January 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Lienhard's doctoral experiments encompassed Brunt–Väisälä frequencies up to 2.4 s−1 and required the development of hot-wire anemometry usable in the presence of large temperature fluctuations.
Career
Lienhard joined the mechanical engineering faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1988, immediately after graduating from UCSD. He has spent his entire professional career at MIT.
Lienhard's initial research at MIT focused on cooling by liquid jet impingement. This work included fundamental convection problems, droplet splattering, free-surface turbulence interactions, and pattern-formation in the hydraulic jump.{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Xin |last2=Lienhard |first2= John H., V|last3=Lombara|first3=James S.|date= August 1991|title= Convective Heat Transfer by Impingement of Circular Liquid Jets |journal=Journal of Heat Transfer |volume= 113|issue=3 |pages= 571–582|doi= 10.1115/1.2910604|bibcode=1991ATJHT.113..571L }}{{cite journal | last1=Liu |first1=Xin |last2=Lienhard |first2= John H., V |date=July 1993 |title= The hydraulic jump in circular jet impingement and in other thin liquid films|journal= Experiments in Fluids |volume= 15|issue= 2|pages= 108–116|doi=10.1007/BF00190950|bibcode=1993ExFl...15..108L |s2cid=23579826 }}{{cite journal |last1=Bhunia |first1=Sourav K. |last2=Lienhard |first2=John H., V |date=1 December 1994 |title=Surface Disturbance Evolution and the Splattering of Turbulent Liquid Jets |journal=Journal of Fluids Engineering |volume=116 |issue=4 |pages=721–727 |doi=10.1115/1.2911841}}
The thin boundary layer at a jet's stagnation point also provided an attractive avenue to high-heat-flux engineering. In 1993, Lienhard's group reported the highest
steady-state fluxes to that date removed from a macroscopic area, achieved using a high-speed water jet (≈40 kW/cm2).{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Xin |last2=Lienhard |first2= John H., V| date= May 1993|title= Extremely High Heat Fluxes Beneath Impinging Liquid Jets |journal=Journal of Heat Transfer |volume= 115|issue=2 |pages= 472–476|doi=10.1115/1.2910703|bibcode=1993ATJHT.115..472L }} They later extended this approach to arrays of jets, allowing larger areas to be cooled at high flux. In 1998, they used an array of water jets at 46 m/s to remove 1.7 kW/cm2 by convection alone over areas of several cm2.{{cite journal |last1=Oh |first1=Chang H. |last2 = Lienhard| first2= John H., V |last3=Younis |first3=Hesham F. |last4=Dahbura |first4=Rudy S. | last5= Michels |first5=Dirk |date=April 1998 |title=Liquid Jet-Array Cooling Modules for High Heat Fluxes |journal=AIChE Journal |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=769–779 |doi=10.1002/aic.690440402|bibcode=1998AIChE..44..769O }}
In the 2000s, Lienhard refocused his research on the problem of clean water supply and scarcity, particularly around desalination technologies. He approached this area through his background in thermal engineering and transport phenomena, making energy efficiency a central aim.{{cite journal |last1=Mistry |first1=Karan H. |last2=McGovern |first2= Ronan K.|last3=Thiel|first3=Gregory P.|last4=Summers|first4=Edward K.|last5=Zubair|first5=Syed M.|last6=Lienhard|first6=John H., V|
date= September 2011|title= Entropy generation analysis of desalination technologies |journal= Entropy |volume=13|issue=10 |pages=1829–1864 |doi= 10.3390/e13101829|bibcode=2011Entrp..13.1829M |doi-access=free|hdl=1721.1/69217|hdl-access=free}}
His group's desalination research has spanned a broad range of topics including humidification-dehumidification,{{cite journal |last1= Narayan|first1=Prakash Govindan |last2=Sharqawy |first2=Mostafa H.|last3=Summers|first3=Edward K. |last4= Lienhard|first4= John H., V|last5=Zubair|first5=Syed M.|last6=Antar|first6=Mohamed A.|date=May 2010 |title= The potential of solar-driven humidification-dehumidification desalination for small-scale decentralized water production |journal=Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews |volume=14 |issue= 4|pages=1187–1201 |doi=10.1016/j.rser.2009.11.014|bibcode=2010RSERv..14.1187N |hdl=1721.1/52624 |s2cid=15976074 |hdl-access=free}}
forward and reverse osmosis,{{cite journal |last1=McGovern |first1= Ronan K.|last2= Lienhard|first2= John H., V|date=1 November 2014 |title= On the potential of forward osmosis to energetically outperform reverse osmosis desalination |journal= Journal of Membrane Science|volume= 469|pages=245–250 |doi= 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.05.061 |hdl= 1721.1/102494|hdl-access= free}} membrane distillation,{{cite journal |last1=Warsinger |first1= David E. M.|last2= Swaminathan|first2=Jaichander|last3=Guillem|first3=Elena|last4=Arafat|first4=Hassan A.|last5=Lienhard|first5=John H., V |date= 15 January 2015|title= Scaling and Fouling In Membrane Distillation for Desalination Applications: A Review |journal= Desalination|volume= 356 |pages= 294–313|doi= 10.1016/j.desal.2014.06.031 |bibcode= 2015Desal.356..294W|hdl= 1721.1/102497|hdl-access= free}}
produced water,{{cite journal |last1=Thiel|first1=Gregory P.|last2=Tow |first2=Emily W.|last3=Banchik|first3=Leonardo D.|last4=Chung|first4=Hyung Won |last5=Lienhard|first5=John H., V|date=15 June 2015 |title= Energy consumption in desalinating produced water from shale oil and gas extraction|journal=Desalination |volume= 366 |pages= 94–112|doi= 10.1016/j.desal.2014.12.038|bibcode=2015Desal.366...94T |hdl=1721.1/101978|hdl-access=free}}
electrodialysis, nanofiltration, solar desalination,{{cite book|date=2012|chapter=Chapter 9: Solar Desalination|volume=15|doi=10.1615/AnnualRevHeatTransfer.2012004659|publisher=Begell House|location=New York|title=Annual Review of Heat Transfer|last1=Lienhard|first1=John H., V|last2=Bilton|first2=Amy|last3=Antar|first3=Mohamed A.|last4=Zaragoza|first4=Guillermo|last5=Blanco|first5=Julian|pages=277–347|isbn=9781567003116|s2cid=243505510 }}
The seawater thermophysical property database developed by his group has been widely used by other researchers.
Lienhard has written hundreds of peer-reviewed research publications and has been issued more than 40 US patents. The patents led to several start-up companies from Lienhard's research group. One of these, Gradiant Corporation, grew to more than $1 billion valuation in 2023.{{cite web |last1=Feldman |first1=Amy |title=Startup Gradiant Reaches Billion-Dollar Valuation Cleaning Up Wastewater For TSMC, Coca-Cola And Pfizer |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/amyfeldman/2023/05/17/startup-gradiant-reaches-billion-dollar-valuation-cleaning-up-wastewater-for-coca-cola-pfizer-and-tsmc/?sh=58530cc411f4 |work=Forbes |access-date=21 February 2025}}
Lienhard has been responsible for launching a number of major research programs at MIT. He was the founding director of the Center for Clean Water and Clean Energy (2008–2017), a multi-million dollar research collaboration with King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) involving dozens of faculty members at KFUPM and MIT.{{Cite news|author=|url=http://news.mit.edu/2008/kfupm-1125|date=25 November 2008|title=MIT, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals in collaboration|website=news.mit.edu|access-date=18 January 2020|quote=Two schools launch program on clean water, clean energy}}
He was also the founding director of the Ibn Khaldun Fellowship program for Saudi Arabian Women,{{Cite web|author=|url=http://ibk.mit.edu|title=The Ibn Khaldun Fellowship for Saudi Arabian Women|website=ibk.mit.edu|access-date=18 January 2020}}
which has brought dozens of PhD-level women to MIT for research collaborations.
In 2014, Lienhard founded the Abdul Latif Jameel Water and Food Systems Lab (J-WAFS) at MIT, and he served as J-WAFS director until 2025.{{cite web |last1=Lienhard |first1=John |title=J-WAFS at 10 |url=https://jwafs.mit.edu/news/2025/j-wafs-10 |website=Abdul Latif Jameel Water and Food Systems Lab |publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology |access-date=21 February 2025}}{{Cite news|author=|url=http://news.mit.edu/2014/mohammed-abdul-latif-jameel-gives-major-gift-to-solve-food-water-issues-0506|date=6 May 2014|title=MIT alumnus Mohammed Abdul Latif Jameel gives major gift to solve urgent challenges in world food and water security|website=news.mit.edu|access-date=18 January 2020}} J-WAFS supports research by MIT faculty on water and food, to address the needs of a rapidly growing population on a changing planet. Under Lienhard's leadership, J-WAFS awarded more than $25 million through competitive peer review, supporting more than 100 projects across all of MIT's schools and engaging more than 300 researchers. In addition to scientific research, a dozen new companies were spun-out of MIT.
Lienhard is a committed educator, recognized with awards for teaching and mentoring.{{Cite news|author=|url=http://news.mit.edu/2019/committed-to-caring-faculty-mentors-graduate-students-0422|date=22 April 2019|title=In it together: Faculty mentors and graduate students|access-date=20 January 2020|website=news.mit.edu}} He has written textbooks on measurement and instrumentation, on heat transfer, and on thermal modeling. He has long collaborated with his father on A Heat Transfer Textbook. In 2001, they made the decision to distribute the work primarily as an ebook, one of the first textbooks to adopt this format.{{Cite web|url=https://libraries.mit.edu/news/podcast-professor-3/975/|title=Professor Lienhard on his Open Access Textbook|first=Ellen|last=Finnie|date=25 February 2008|website=libraries.mit.edu|access-date=18 January 2020}} The ebook, which is free of charge, has since been downloaded hundreds of thousands of times across the world.
Selected awards and honors
Lienhard has received a number of honors and awards, including the following:
- Lifetime Achievement Award of the International Desalination and Reuse Association, 2024{{cite journal |title=Lifetime Achievement Award |journal=IDRA Global Connections |date=Spring 2025 |pages=47 |publisher=International Desalination and Reuse Association}}
- Donald Q. Kern Award of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), 2022{{Cite web|url=https://www.aiche.org/community/awards/donald-q-kern-award|title=Donald Q. Kern Award|website=www.aiche.org|author= |date=28 March 2012 |access-date=25 October 2022}}
- Fellow of the American Society of Thermal and Fluid Engineers, elected in 2021{{Cite web|url=https://www.astfe.org/fellowship/|title=American Society of Thermal and Fluid Engineers Fellowship|website=www.astfe.org|author=|access-date=12 May 2021}}
- Edward F. Obert Award of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), November 2019{{Cite web|url=https://www.asme.org/about-asme/honors-awards/literature-awards/edward-f-obert-award|title=Edward F. Obert Award|website=www.asme.org|author=|access-date=18 January 2020}}
- Chief Guest (commencement speaker) of the Convocation of the Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, December 2018
- Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), elected in 2018{{Cite web|url=https://www.aaas.org/fellows/listing|title=AAAS Current Fellows List|website=www.aaas.org|author=|access-date=18 January 2020}}
- John R. Freeman Lecturer, Boston Society of Civil Engineers, 2016{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rn9kvBP34Bg|access-date=18 January 2020|website=www.youtube.com|title=Desalination for water supply: Is energy consumption manageable?|date=11 April 2016|last=Lienhard|first=John H., V}}
- Heat Transfer Memorial Award of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), November 2015{{Cite web|url=https://www.asme.org/about-asme/honors-awards/achievement-awards/heat-transfer-memorial-award|title=Heat Transfer Memorial Award|website=www.asme.org|author=|access-date=18 January 2020}}
- Technical Communities Globalization Medal of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), November 2012
{{cite magazine |author= |title= Celebrating Engineering 2012 ASME Honors|url=https://web.mit.edu/lienhard/www/2012-ASME-Honors-Globalization-Medal.pdf |magazine=Mechanical Engineering |location=New York |publisher=American Society of Mechanical Engineers|date=November 2012|volume=134|issue=11|pages=54–55}}
- J. P. Den Hartog Distinguished Educator Award of MIT, 2003
- Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), elected in 2000
{{cite web|url=https://www.asme.org/wwwasmeorg/media/resourcefiles/aboutasme/honors%20awards/fellows/fellows-all.pdf|title=List of All ASME Fellows|website=www.asme.org|author=|access-date=18 January 2020}}
- Ralph R. Teetor Educational Award, Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 1992
- Presidential Young Investigator Award, US National Science Foundation, 1988
In addition, Lienhard's research group has received many best paper, poster, and presentation awards for their work in desalination and heat transfer.{{cite web|url=http://meche.mit.edu/people/faculty/LIENHARD@MIT.EDU|access-date=18 January 2020|website=meche.mit.edu|title=MIT MechE People: John Lienhard}}
Textbooks
- Thomas G. Beckwith, Roy D. Marangoni, and John H. Lienhard Mechanical Measurements, 5th edition, Addison-Wesley, Reading MA, 1993.
{{cite book |last1=Beckwith |first1=Thomas G. |last2=Marangoni |first2=Roy D.|last3=Lienhard |first3=John H., V|date=1993 |title=Mechanical Measurements|isbn=9780201569476|publisher=Addison-Wesley|oclc=26362192 |edition=5th|location=Reading, MA}}
- John H. Lienhard, IV and John H. Lienhard, V A heat transfer textbook, 3rd edition, Phlogiston Press, Cambridge, MA, 2001.
{{cite book |last1=Lienhard |first1=John H. IV |last2=Lienhard |first2=John H., V|date=2001 |title=A Heat Transfer Textbook|isbn=0971383502|publisher=Phlogiston Press|oclc=48010715 |edition=3rd|location=Cambridge, MA}}
- Thomas G. Beckwith, Roy D. Marangoni, and John H. Lienhard Mechanical Measurements, 6th edition, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River NJ, 2007.
{{cite book |last1=Beckwith |first1=Thomas G. |last2=Marangoni |first2=Roy D.|last3=Lienhard |first3=John H., V|date=2007 |title=Mechanical Measurements|url=https://www.pearson.com/store/p/mechanical-measurements/P100001666692|isbn=9780201847659|publisher=Prentice-Hall|edition=6th|location=Upper Saddle River, NJ}}
- John H. Lienhard, IV and John H. Lienhard, V A heat transfer textbook, 4th edition, Dover Publications, Mineola NY, 2011.
{{cite book |last1=Lienhard |first1=John H. IV |last2=Lienhard |first2=John H., V|date=2011 |title=A Heat Transfer Textbook|isbn=9780486479316|publisher=Dover Publications|oclc=819288265 |edition=4th|location=Mineola, NY}}
- Leon R. Glicksman and John H. Lienhard, V Modeling and approximation in heat transfer, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2016.
{{cite book |last1=Glicksman |first1=Leon R. |last2=Lienhard |first2=John H., V|date=2016 |title=Modeling and approximation in heat transfer|doi=10.1017/CBO9780511997907|isbn=9781107012172|oclc=971422137|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, UK}}
- John H. Lienhard, IV and John H. Lienhard, V A heat transfer textbook, 5th edition, Dover Publications, Mineola NY, 2019.
{{cite book |last1=Lienhard |first1=John H. IV |last2=Lienhard |first2=John H., V|date=2019 |title=A Heat Transfer Textbook|url=https://store.doverpublications.com/0486837351.html|isbn=9780486837352|publisher=Dover Publications|edition=5th|location=Mineola, NY}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://meche.mit.edu/people/faculty/LIENHARD@MIT.EDU MIT MechE People: John Lienhard]
- [https://ahtt.mit.edu A Heat Transfer Textbook, 5/e], free ebook.
- [https://jwafs.mit.edu/ Abdul Latif Jameel Water & Food Systems Lab]
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Category:People from Pullman, Washington
Category:People from Lexington, Kentucky
Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Category:University of California, San Diego alumni
Category:MIT School of Engineering faculty
Category:American mechanical engineers
Category:Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Category:Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science