Joseph Marmaduke Pratt

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = Joseph M. Pratt

| image name = Rep Joseph M Pratt.jpg

| caption = Pratt in 1944

| state = Pennsylvania

| district = 2nd

| term_start = February 8, 1944

| term_end = January 3, 1945

| preceded = James P. McGranery

| succeeded = William T. Granahan

| birth_name = Joseph Marmaduke Pratt

| birth_date = {{birth date|1891|09|04}}

| resting_place = Arlington Cemetery, Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania

| death_date = {{death date and age|1946|07|19|1891|09|04}}

| birth_place = Paterson, New Jersey, United States

| death_place = Washington, D.C., United States

| party = Republican

| spouse = Miriam Pratt

| occupation = {{hlist|Politician|businessman}}

| alma_mater = Temple University

| signature = Joseph M Pratt signature.jpg

}}

Joseph Marmaduke Pratt (September 4, 1891 – July 19, 1946) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

Early life

Joseph M. Pratt was born in Paterson, New Jersey, but moved with his parents to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1892. He graduated from Temple University in Philadelphia in 1919. He went into the business of manufacturing industrial and marine products. He was a member of the Republican City Committee of Philadelphia from 1937 to 1946.{{citation |url= https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/P000503 |title= PRATT, Joseph Marmaduke |website= Biographical Directory of the United States Congress |access-date=August 8, 2022 }}

Congress

Pratt was elected as a Republican to Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of James P. McGranery, defeating future congressman William A. Barrett.{{citation |url= https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=415321 |title= PA - District 02 - Special Election |website= OurCampaigns |access-date=August 8, 2022 }} He was inaugurated on February 8, 1944.{{citation |url= https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/GPO-CRECB-1944-pt1/ |title= 90 Cong. Rec. (Bound) - Volume 90, Part 1 (January 10, 1944 to February 8, 1944) |website= clerk.house.gov |access-date=August 8, 2022 }} During his term, he was redistricted to the third district, where he was pitted against Democratic incumbent Michael J. Bradley for a full term in 1944. He lost the election and left office on January 3, 1945.{{citation |url= https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=396644 |title= PA - District 03 |website= OurCampaigns |access-date=August 8, 2022 }}

Due to the nature of Pratt's tenure, he was in congress for less than a year, during which he participated in the 78th Congress. He voted 44 times, missing 10.7 percent of roll call votes. His voting record was generally conservative, but less so than the median Republican, as he voted with his party 84 percent of the time as opposed to the median Republican score of 88 percent.{{citation |url= https://voteview.com/person/7593/joseph-marmaduke-pratt |title= PRATT, Joseph Marmaduke (1891-1946) |website= VoteView |access-date=August 8, 2022 }}{{citation |url= https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/joseph_pratt/408888 |title= Rep. Joseph Pratt |website= GovTrack |access-date=August 8, 2022 }} His most notable vote was in favor of the 1944 G.I. Bill, which was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on June 22, 1944.{{citation |url= https://voteview.com/rollcall/RH0780131 |title= 78th Congress, House Vote 131 |website= VoteView |access-date=August 8, 2022 }} During his tenure, Pratt served on one committee, the House War Claims Committee.{{citation |url= https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/GPO-CRECB-1944-pt2/ |title= 90 Cong. Rec. (Bound) - Volume 90, Part 2 (February 9, 1944 to March 21, 1944) |website= clerk.house.gov |access-date=August 8, 2022 }}

Later life and death

He resumed his former business pursuits in Philadelphia, but jumped back into politics in 1946, receiving the Republican nomination for State Senator in Pennsylvania's second state senate district. However, he died in Washington, D.C., from a heart attack while on a business trip before the election was held. Pratt was interred in Arlington Cemetery in Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania.{{citation |url= https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/P000503 |title= PRATT, Joseph Marmaduke |website= Biographical Directory of the United States Congress |access-date=August 8, 2022 }}

Electoral history

|+ Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district: January 1944 special election{{citation |url= https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=415321 |title= PA - District 02 - Special Election |website= OurCampaigns |access-date=August 8, 2022 }}

! Year

! Subject

! Party

! Votes

! %

! Opponent

! Party

! Votes

! %

|1944

|{{party shading/Republican}} |Joseph M. Pratt

|{{party shading/Republican}} |Republican

|{{party shading/Republican}} |24,991

|{{party shading/Republican}} |56.59

|{{party shading/Democratic}} |William A. Barrett

|{{party shading/Democratic}} |Democratic

|{{party shading/Democratic}} |19,168

|{{party shading/Democratic}} |43.41

|+ Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district: November 1944 general election{{citation |url= https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=396644 |title= PA - District 03 |website= OurCampaigns |access-date=August 8, 2022 }}

! Year

! Subject

! Party

! Votes

! %

! Opponent

! Party

! Votes

! %

|1944

|{{party shading/Republican}} |Joseph M. Pratt (inc.)

|{{party shading/Republican}} |Republican