Juilliard String Quartet
{{Short description|String quartet at the Juilliard School in New York}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Juilliard String Quartet
| image = Juilliard String Quartet 2018.jpg
| caption = The Juilliard String Quartet in 2018
| image_size = 250px
| background = classical_ensemble
| alias = The Juilliard Quartet
| origin = New York City, United States
| instrument = 2 violins, 1 viola, 1 cello
| genre = Classical
| occupation = String quartet
| years_active = 1946–present
| label = Sony Classical (formerly Columbia Records and CBS Masterworks)
| website = {{URL|https://www.juilliardstringquartet.org/|juilliardstringquartet.org}}
| current_members = Areta Zhulla
Ronald Copes
Molly Carr
Astrid Schween
| past_members = see below
}}
The Juilliard String Quartet (JSQ) is a classical music string quartet founded in 1946 at the Juilliard School in New York by William Schuman and Robert Mann. Since its inception, it has been the quartet-in-residence at the Juilliard School. It has received numerous awards, including four Grammys and membership in the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences Hall of Fame. In February 2011, the group received the NARAS Lifetime Achievement Award for its outstanding contributions to recorded classical music.
As of 2022, the quartet's members are violinists Areta Zhulla and Ronald Copes, violist Molly Carr, and cellist Astrid Schween.
History
= First era: 1946–1996 =
The quartet was founded by Juilliard School president William Schuman and violin faculty member Robert Mann in 1946.{{Cite news |last=Oestreich |first=James R. |date=1997-10-29 |title=Juilliard Quartet's Musical Chairs |pages=7 |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/10/29/arts/juilliard-quartet-s-musical-chairs-sounding-board-for-new-strings-attached-old.html |access-date=2022-08-25}} The original members were Mann and violinist Robert Koff, violist Raphael Hillyer and cellist Arthur Winograd. It began recording with Columbia Records upon its founding.{{Cite news |last=Mermelstein |first=David |date=2021-09-13 |title='Juilliard String Quartet: The Early Columbia Recordings, 1949-56' Review: A Long-Awaited Encore |work=Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/juilliard-string-quartet-the-early-columbia-recordings-1949-56-william-schumann-robert-mann-robert-koff-raphael-hillyer-arthur-winograd-claus-adam-11631569901 |access-date=2022-08-25}} Between March and August 1949, the quartet became the first group to record Béla Bartók's complete string quartets. Columbia released the recordings in 1950. Around the time of its public and recording debuts, the Juilliard Quartet quickly established itself as a premier American ensemble on the international level.
In 1953, the group was the first to record Arnold Schoenberg's complete quartets. In 1955, Claus Adam replaced Winograd as the group's cellist. In 1958, Isidore Cohen replaced Koff as second violinist.
In 1962, the Juilliard String Quartet replaced the Budapest String Quartet as the Library of Congress's quartet in residence. That year, the quartet performed at the Library with a set of Stradivarius instruments Gertrude Clarke Whittall donated in the 1930s.{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Laura |date=2007-01-28 |title=Juilliard Quartet: Breadth and depth: [Final Edition] |work=The Daytona Beach News-Journal |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/382952542 |access-date=2022-08-26|id={{ProQuest|382952542}} }} In 1966, Earl Carlyss replaced Cohen as second violinist and three years later, Samuel Rhodes replaced Hillyer as violist.
In 1974, Joel Krosnick replaced his teacher Adam as the cellist. By 1981, the Juilliard Quartet was said to have performed in over 3,000 concerts in 43 different countries.{{Cite news |last=Rothstein |first=Edward |date=1981-10-09 |title=JUILLIARD QUARTET MARKS 35TH YEAR OF SHARING |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/09/arts/juilliard-quartet-marks-35th-year-of-sharing.html |access-date=2022-08-27}} In 1986, Joel Smirnoff replaced Carlyss as second violinist.{{Cite news |last=Hoffman |first=Eva |date=1986-10-05 |title=JUILLARD: A RENEWED QUARTET |pages=29 |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/05/magazine/juillard-a-renewed-quartet.html |access-date=2022-08-25}}
In 1996, Mann announced his intention to retire.{{Cite news |last=Kozinn |first=Allan |date=1996-12-11 |title=Quartet Losing Its Leader of Five Decades: Juilliard Quartet Is Losing Robert Mann, Its Leader of Five Decades |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/12/11/arts/quartet-losing-its-leader-of-five-decades.html |access-date=2022-08-27}} He played his last concert as a member of the quartet at the Tanglewood Music Festival that year.{{Cite news |last=Dyer |first=Richard |date=1996-12-20 |title=Mann retires from Juilliard Quartet |work=Boston Globe |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/403794100 |access-date=2022-08-25 |id={{ProQuest|403794100}} }} Smirnoff took over as first violinist and Ronald Copes joined the group as second violinist.
= 21st century: 1997–present =
In 2005, the quartet performed in Madrid for Queen Sofía of Spain on the set of Stradivarius Palatinos instruments owned by the Royal Palace of Madrid. In 2009, Nick Eanet replaced Smirnoff as first violinist.{{Cite news |last=Wakin |first=Daniel J. |date=2008-10-18 |title=Juilliard Quartet Names New Violinist |work=New York Times |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/433948039 |access-date=2022-08-25 |id={{ProQuest|433948039}} }} He left the group in 2010 for health reasons and was replaced by Joseph Lin of the Formosa Quartet.{{Cite news |last=Wakin |first=Daniel J. |date=2010-06-30 |title=Juilliard Quartet Violinist Steps Down; Health Cited |work=New York Times |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/527778676 |access-date=2022-08-26 |id={{ProQuest|527778676}} }}
In 2013, Roger Tapping replaced Rhodes as violist. In 2015, the quartet released an app for Apple's iOS called "Juilliard String Quartet – An Exploration of Schubert's Death and the Maiden". Ulysses Arts issued the recording separately. The London-based app developer Touchpress and the Juilliard School co-produced the app, which features the quartet in a performance of Franz Schubert's String Quartet No. 14 in D minor ("Death and the Maiden").{{cite web |last= |first= |date=2018-02-22 |title=Areta Zhulla to Become First Violinist of the Juilliard String Quartet Beginning September 2018; Joseph Lin to Step Down at the End of the 2017-18 Season and Remain on the Juilliard Faculty |url=https://www.juilliard.edu/news/131866/areta-zhulla-become-first-violinist-juilliard-string-quartet-beginning-september-2018 |access-date=2022-08-25 |website=Juilliard School}} In 2016, Astrid Schween replaced Krosnick as cellist, becoming the quartet's first female member.{{Cite news |date=2015-05-18 |title=After 42 Years, Juilliard String Quartet Cellist To Step Down |work=National Public Radio |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/deceptivecadence/2015/05/18/406687266/after-42-years-juilliard-string-quartet-cellist-to-step-down |access-date=2022-08-25}} Areta Zhulla then replaced Lin as first violinist.{{Cite news |date=2018-02-22 |title=Juilliard String Quartet gets new first violin |work=The Strad |url=https://www.thestrad.com/news/juilliard-string-quartet-gets-new-first-violin/7577.article |access-date=2022-08-25}} After Tapping's death in 2022, Molly Carr became the quartet's new violist.{{cite web |last1=Laurie |first1=Niles |title=Juilliard String Quartet Names Violist Molly Carr to Succeed Roger Tapping |url=https://www.violinist.com/blog/laurie/20225/29214 |access-date=10 May 2022 |website=Violinist.com}}
Repertoire
The quartet plays a wide range of classical music, and has recorded works by Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Bartók, Debussy and Shostakovich, among others, while also promoting more contemporary composers such as Elliott Carter, Ralph Shapey, Henri Dutilleux and Milton Babbitt.{{Cite news |last=Rothstein |first=Edward |date=1991-10-14 |title=Review/Music; Elliott Carter Quartets Celebrate Juilliard's 45th |pages=16 |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/14/arts/review-music-elliott-carter-quartets-celebrate-juilliard-s-45th.html |access-date=2022-08-25}} It has performed with other noted musicians, such as Aaron Copland, Glenn Gould, Benita Valente and also (in its early days) the scientist Albert Einstein. It can be heard on the soundtrack of the movie Immortal Beloved.{{imdb title|0110116|Immortal Beloved}} By the early 1990s, the quartet was said to have produced more than 100 recordings and performed over 500 unique works.{{Cite news |last=Scher |first=Valerie |date=1995-11-30 |title=Juilliard quartet long an inspiration |pages=20 |work=The San Diego Union-Tribune |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/271525122 |access-date=2022-08-27 |id={{ProQuest|271525122}} }}
Members
=First violin=
- 1946 Robert Mann
- 1997 Joel Smirnoff
- 2009 Nick Eanet
- 2011 Joseph Lin
- 2018 Areta Zhulla
=Second violin=
- 1946 {{Interlanguage link|Robert Koff (violist)|lt=Robert Koff|ca|Robert Koff}}
- 1958 Isidore Cohen
- 1966 Earl Carlyss
- 1986 Joel Smirnoff
- 1997 Ronald Copes
=Viola=
- 1946 Raphael Hillyer
- 1969 {{Interlanguage link|Samuel Rhodes|lt=Samuel Rhodes|de|Samuel Rhodes}}
- 2013 Roger Tapping
- 2022 Molly Carr
=Violoncello=
- 1946 Arthur Winograd
- 1955 Claus Adam
- 1974 Joel Krosnick
- 2016 Astrid Schween
Teaching
Members of the Juilliard Quartet are also private teachers and chamber coaches at the Juilliard School and at music festivals worldwide.{{Cite news |last=Kozinn |first=Allan |date=1983-01-09 |title=How the Juilliard Quartet Shares Its Artistry: The Juilliard |pages=19 |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/01/09/arts/how-the-juilliard-quartet-shares-its-artistry.html |access-date=2022-08-25}}{{Cite news |last=Hay |first=Bryan |date=1998-02-20 |title=SURVIVAL CONCERNS PLUCK AT HEARTSTRINGS OF JUILLIARD QUARTET |work=The Morning Call |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/392798007 |access-date=2022-08-27 |id={{ProQuest|392798007}} }} Musicians who have studied with the quartet have gone on to become members of the Tokyo, Emerson, Shanghai, LaSalle, Concord, Alexander, New World, Brentano, Lark, and the Ulysses string quartets among others.{{Cite news |last=May |first=Thomas |year=2021 |title=Forever Young |pages=34–38 |work=Strings Magazine |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2585494449 |access-date=2022-08-26 |id={{ProQuest|2585494449}} }}
Awards
= [[Grammy Awards]] =
References
External links
- [http://www.juilliardquartet.org Juilliard String Quartet] Juilliard String Quartet official site
- [http://www.colbertartists.com/juilliard-string-quartet Colbert Artists Management: Juilliard String Quartet]
{{String quartets|state=collapsed}}
{{Laurel Leaf Award}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Musical groups established in 1946
Category:American string quartets