Julius Caesar Czarnikow
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{{Infobox person
| name = Julius Caesar Czarnikow
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| birth_date = 1838
| birth_place = Sondershausen, Germany
| death_date = 17 April {{death year and age|1909|1838}}
| death_place = London, England
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| occupation = Sugar broker
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| parents = Moritz Czarnikow
Johanne Bar
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}}
Julius Caesar Czarnikow (1838 – 17 April 1909) was a German-born, London-based sugar broker and investor.
Early life
Julius Caesar Czarnikow was born in 1838 in Sondershausen, in the German Confederation.{{cite journal|title=OBITUARY|journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Arts|date=23 April 1909|volume=57|issue=2944|page=465|jstor=41338589}}{{cite web|last1=Orbell|first1=John|title=Czarnikow, (Julius) Caesar (1838–1909), sugar broker|url=http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/46862|website=Oxford Index|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=24 April 2016|archive-date=6 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506202944/http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/46862|url-status=dead}} He was of Polish Jewish descent.{{cite book|last1=Clarence-Smith|first1=William Gervase|title=Cocoa and Chocolate, 1765–1914|date=2003|publisher=Routledge|location=New York City|isbn=9780415215763|oclc=43913171|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-1WGAgAAQBAJ&q=Caesar+Czarnikow&pg=PA77}} His father was Moritz Czarnikow and his mother, Johanne Bar. He was baptized 1862 in Berlin, and married in 1863 at Holy Trinity, Clapham.
Czarnikow moved to England in 1854,{{cite book|last1=Boelens|first1=Bo|last2=Watkins|first2=Michael|last3=Grayson|first3=Michael|title=The Eponym Dictionary of Birds|date=2014|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|location=London|isbn=9781472905734|oclc=882574116|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=En4wBAAAQBAJ&q=Julius+Caesar+Czarnikow&pg=PT308}} and he became a British subject in 1861. He resided in Effingham Hill House and Eaton Square (1901 census), London. He married Louisa Ellen Ashlin (1840-1911), with whom he had 2 children : Horace (1864 -1933), and Louisa Ada (1867-1948).
Career
Czarnikow founded a sugar brokerage firm, Czarnikow & Co., in 1861, which now trades as Czarnikow Group Ltd. Its first office was at 18 Philpot Lane, London,{{Cite book|title=The Story of Czarnikow|last1=Janes|first1=Hurford|last2=Sayers|first2=H.J|publisher=Harley Publishing Company Ltd.|year=1963|location=London|pages=19}} and the company later had offices in Liverpool, Glasgow and New York City. He partnered with Manuel Rionda of Cuba, who admitted to Czarnikow in 1909 that he struggled to find the right chemist for sugar manufacturing.{{cite book|last1=Dye|first1=Alan|title=Cuban Sugar in the Age of Mass Production: Technology and the Economics of the Sugar Central, 1899–1929|date=1998|publisher=Stanford University Press|location=Palo Alto, California|isbn=9780804728195|oclc=36485838|page=80|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2zCsAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA80}}
Czarnikow was an investor in a sugar shipping company from the West Indies to Central Europe.{{cite book|last1=Chapman|first1=Stanley D.|title=Merchant enterprise in Britain : from the Industrial Revolution to World War I|date=1992|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, U.K.|isbn=9780521351782|oclc=23694086|pages=77–78|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=adHhYTIZyf0C&pg=PA77}} By 1872, he was also the largest investor in the South Carolina Phosphate Company.{{cite journal|last1=Tischendorf|first1=Alfred P.|title=A Note on British Enterprise in South Carolina 1872–1886|journal=The South Carolina Historical Magazine|date=October 1955|volume=56|issue=4|pages=196–199|jstor=27566023}} Additionally, by 1888 he was an investor in the London Produce Clearing House, and he served as its deputy chairman.{{cite book|last1=Norman|first1=Peter|title=The Risk Controllers: Central Counterparty Clearing in Globalised Financial Markets|date=2011|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|location=New York City|isbn=9780470686324|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3zDwBac2vHsC&q=Caesar+Czarnikow&pg=PT91}}
Death
File:St Lawrence's Church, Effingham, Caesar Czarnikow mosaic.jpg
Czarnikow died on 17 April 1909 in London. By the time of his death, "he was said to be the biggest sugar broker in the world",{{cite news|title=London Sugar Merchant Dead|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/76803522/?terms=%22Caesar%2BCzarnikow%22|access-date=20 April 2016|work=The Leavenworth Times|location=Leavenworth, Kansas|date=18 April 1909|publisher=Newspapers.com|url-access=registration |page=1}} with an estimated wealth of £1 million.
At Probate in 1909 his executors included Julius Charles Ganzoni (born 1852 in Austria, died 1949 in Cambridgeshire); the 1911 census stated he was a partner in a firm of colonial brokers, and his son Francis J Childs Ganzoni (born 1882) was a barrister.
References
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Category:Emigrants from the German Confederation to the United Kingdom
Category:People from Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Category:German people of Polish-Jewish descent
Category:People from Sondershausen
Category:English people of Polish-Jewish descent
Category:English people of German-Jewish descent
Category:Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
Category:19th-century English businesspeople
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