July 2000 lunar eclipse

{{Infobox lunar eclipse

| type = total

| image = Lunar eclipse chart close-2000jul16.png

| caption = Hourly motion shown right to left

| date = July 16, 2000

| gamma = 0.0302

| magnitude = 1.7684

| saros_ser = 129

| saros_no = 37 of 71

| totality = 106 minutes, 25 seconds

| partiality = 236 minutes, 2 seconds

| penumbral = 374 minutes, 31 seconds

| p1 = 10:48:22

| u1 = 11:57:35

| u2 = 13:02:23

| greatest = 13:55:35

| u3 = 14:48:47

| u4 = 15:53:55

| p4 = 17:02:46

| previous = January 2000

| next = January 2001

}}

A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Sunday, July 16, 2000,{{cite web|title=July 16–17, 2000 Total Lunar Eclipse (Blood Moon)|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/lunar/2000-july-16|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=12 November 2024}} with an umbral magnitude of 1.7684. It was a central lunar eclipse, in which part of the Moon passed through the center of the Earth's shadow. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 1.1 days after apogee (on July 15, 2000, at 11:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.{{cite web|title=Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England|url=https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/moon/distance.html?year=2000&n=136|publisher=timeanddate|access-date=12 November 2024}}

Totality lasted for 106 minutes and 25 seconds, the longest duration since 13 August 1859 (106 minutes and 28 seconds) and 3 May 459 (106 minutes and 32 seconds), and totality of this length won't occur again until 19 August 4753 (106 minutes and 35 seconds). This was the last and longest total lunar eclipse of the 20th century as well as the second longest and last of the second millennium. It was also the eighth longest total lunar eclipse on EclipseWise's Six Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses which covers the years 3000 BCE to 3000 AD. The longest total lunar eclipse between the years 4000 BCE and 6000 CE took place on 31 May 318. Totality lasted 106 minutes and 36 seconds which is only 11 seconds longer than this one.[http://eclipsewise.com/lunar/LEcatalog/LEcatalog.html EclipseWise – Six Millennium Catalog of Lunar Eclipses]

Visibility

The eclipse was completely visible over Australia, Antarctica, and much of the Pacific Ocean, seen rising over Asia and eastern Africa and setting over western North and South America.{{cite web|title=Total Lunar Eclipse of 2000 Jul 16|url=https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEplot/LEplot1951/LE2000Jul16T.pdf|publisher=NASA|access-date=12 November 2024}}

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The Moon passed straight through the center of the Earth's shadow at the descending node in Sagittarius of its orbit.

Eclipse details

Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular lunar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.{{cite web|title=Total Lunar Eclipse of 2000 Jul 16|url=https://eclipsewise.com/lunar/LEprime/1901-2000/LE2000Jul16Tprime.html|publisher=EclipseWise.com|access-date=12 November 2024}}

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|+July 16, 2000 Lunar Eclipse Parameters

! Parameter

! Value

Penumbral Magnitude

| 2.83749

Umbral Magnitude

| 1.76839

Gamma

| 0.03015

Sun Right Ascension

| 07h44m54.7s

Sun Declination

| +21°15'02.4"

Sun Semi-Diameter

| 15'44.2"

Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 08.7"

Moon Right Ascension

| 19h44m54.2s

Moon Declination

| -21°13'24.9"

Moon Semi-Diameter

| 14'43.2"

Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax

| 0°54'01.2"

ΔT

| 64.0 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.

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|+ Eclipse season of July 2000

! July 1
Ascending node (new moon)
!! July 16
Descending node (full moon)
!! July 31
Ascending node (new moon)

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| Partial solar eclipse
Solar Saros 117

Total lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 129

Partial solar eclipse
Solar Saros 155

Related eclipses

= Eclipses in 2000 =

= Metonic =

Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of September 27, 1996
Followed by: Lunar eclipse of May 4, 2004

= Tzolkinex =

Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of June 4, 1993
Followed by: Lunar eclipse of August 28, 2007

= Half-Saros =

Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 11, 1991
Followed by: Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009

= Tritos =

Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of August 17, 1989
Followed by: Lunar eclipse of June 15, 2011

= Lunar Saros 129 =

Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of July 6, 1982
Followed by: Lunar eclipse of July 27, 2018

= Inex =

Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of August 6, 1971
Followed by: Lunar eclipse of June 26, 2029

= Triad =

Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of September 15, 1913
Followed by: Lunar eclipse of May 17, 2087

= Lunar eclipses of 1998–2002 =

= Saros 129 =

= Tritos series =

= Inex series =

= Half-Saros cycle=

A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros This lunar eclipse is related to two total solar eclipses of Solar Saros 136.

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!July 11, 1991

!July 22, 2009

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