June hogs

{{Short description|Chinook salmon caught in the summer in the US}}

File:Chinook salmon, Astoria Oregon circa 1910.jpg]]

In the parlance of the Pacific Northwest of the United States, June hogs were the largest Chinook salmon caught in the summer migratory runs of the fish. Often weighing at {{convert|80|lbs|kg}},{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/june_hogs_salmon_/ |last=Harrison |first=John |title=June Hogs (salmon) |encyclopedia=Oregon Encyclopedia |publisher=Portland State University }}{{cite journal |journal=Journal of Northwest Anthropology |volume=38-39 |year=2004 |publisher=NARN, Inc. }} and as large as a small person, these enormous salmon were once harvested regularly each summer by First Nations peoples, sportfishers, and salmon canneries on the Columbia River and its tributaries, but have now disappeared due to the implementation of commercial fishing practices of the late 19th and early 20th century; today the largest Chinooks caught in the same runs are half the size. June hogs were said to be a line of supersalmon. These supersalmon were capable of swimming over {{convert|1,000|miles}} up the Columbia River and into Canada. The name "June hog" derives from the seasonality of the runs and their size.{{cite book|last=Hauer|first=F. Richard|title=Methods in stream ecology|year=2006|publisher=Elsevier|location=Amsterdam [u.a]|isbn=978-0-12-332907-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nr8gdAUHmLEC|edition=2nd|author2=Lamberti, Gary A.}}

It is said that these Chinook salmon had massive amounts of energy reserves. They also produced large amounts of offspring. Bob Heinith of the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission stated that June hogs most likely migrated to the sea as very young fish before the age of one.{{cite web|title=The 13 most endangered salmon runs in the Columbia Basin|url=http://www.times.org/archives/2007/junehogs.html|publisher=Cascadia Times|accessdate=26 December 2012}}