KDE Plasma 5#Plasma Mobile
{{Short description|2014 desktop environment}}
{{Infobox software
| name = KDE Plasma 5
| title =
| logo = 100px
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| screenshot = KDE_5.png
| caption = The KDE Plasma 5 desktop, running on Arch Linux
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| developer = KDE
| released = {{Start date and age|2014|07|15|df=yes}}{{cite web |url=http://www.kde.org/announcements/plasma5.0/ |title=KDE Plasma 5.0 Released |publisher=KDE |date=2014-07-15 |access-date=2014-08-19 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924161821/https://www.kde.org/announcements/plasma5.0/ |url-status=live }}
| latest release version = {{wikidata|property|preferred|references|edit|Q17363870|P348|P548=Q2804309}}
| latest release date = {{wikidata|qualifier|preferred|single|Q17363870|P348|P548=Q2804309|P577}}
| latest preview version = {{If empty|{{wikidata|property|preferred|references|edit|Q17363870|P348|P548=Q51930650}}|n/a}}
| latest preview date = {{wikidata|qualifier|preferred|single|Q17363870|P348|P548=Q51930650|P577}}
| discontinued =
| programming language = C++, QML
| operating system = Unix-like
| platform = FreeBSD, OpenBSD{{Cite web |last=Sadowski |first=Rafael |date=2024-05-20 |title=KDE6 on OpenBSD |url=https://rsadowski.de/posts/2024-05-20-kde6-on-openbsd/ |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=rsadowski.de |language=en |archive-date=2024-10-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241009140202/https://rsadowski.de/posts/2024-05-20-kde6-on-openbsd/ |url-status=live }} and Linux
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| genre = Desktop environment
| license = GPL 2.0 or later{{cite web |title=COPYING of Plasma Workspace |url=https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-workspace/-/blob/master/COPYING |website=KDE Invent |language=en |access-date=2021-03-14 |archive-date=2021-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210504172438/https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-workspace/-/blob/master/COPYING |url-status=live }}
| website = {{URL|https://kde.org/plasma-desktop}}
| replaces = KDE Plasma 4
| replaced_by = KDE Plasma 6
}}
KDE Plasma 5 is the fifth generation of the KDE Plasma graphical workspaces environment, created by KDE primarily for Linux systems. KDE Plasma 5 is the successor of KDE Plasma 4 and was first released on 15 July 2014.{{cite web|url=https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/07/kde-plasma-5-released|title=KDE Plasma 5 Arrives with Fresh New Look, True Convergence|author=Sneddon|first=Joey-Elijah|date=July 15, 2014|work=OMG! Ubuntu!|access-date=June 14, 2019|archive-date=April 8, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408141154/https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2014/07/kde-plasma-5-released|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/08/kde-plasma-5-for-those-linux-users-undecided-on-the-kernels-future/|title=KDE Plasma 5—For those Linux users undecided on the kernel's future|last=Gilbertson|first=Scott|date=August 18, 2014|work=Ars Technica|access-date=June 14, 2019|archive-date=April 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412024658/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/08/kde-plasma-5-for-those-linux-users-undecided-on-the-kernels-future/|url-status=live}} It was succeeded by KDE Plasma 6 on 28 February 2024.{{Cite web |date=2024-02-28 |title=KDE MegaRelease 6 |url=https://kde.org/announcements/megarelease/6/ |access-date=2024-02-28 |website=KDE Community |language=en |archive-date=2024-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228233611/https://kde.org/announcements/megarelease/6/ |url-status=live }}
Plasma 5 includes a new default theme, "Breeze", and increased convergence across different devices. The graphical interface was fully migrated to QML, which uses OpenGL for hardware acceleration, providing better performance and reduced power consumption.
Plasma Mobile is a Plasma 5 variant for Linux-based smartphones.
Overview
File:KDE Mascot Konqi for Plasma Desktop.png and Plasma desktop]]
= Software architecture =
KDE Plasma 5 is built using Qt 5 and KDE Frameworks 5.{{cite web|url=https://dot.kde.org/2013/12/17/qt-52-foundation-kde-frameworks-5|title=Qt 5.2 - Foundation for KDE Frameworks 5|publisher=Dot.kde.org|author=Jos Poortvliet|date=2013-12-17|access-date=2014-03-10|archive-date=2020-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111211242/https://dot.kde.org/2013/12/17/qt-52-foundation-kde-frameworks-5|url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=https://quickgit.kde.org/?p=plasma-framework.git&a=blob&h=218bdc6d9d881b654b3167eb905472e25b1ab0fc&hb=44acd8c80204bca65be7794c2614d61bc28a6503&f=README.md |title=plasma-framework readme |access-date=2016-10-08 |archive-date=2019-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216124613/https://cgit.kde.org/ |url-status=dead }} It improves support for HiDPI displays and ships a convergent graphical shell, which can adjust itself according to the device in use. 5.0 also includes a new default theme, dubbed Breeze. Qt 5's QtQuick 2 uses a hardware-accelerated OpenGL(ES) scene graph (canvas) to compose and render graphics on the screen, which allows for the offloading of computationally expensive graphics rendering tasks onto the GPU, freeing up resources on the system's main CPU.
= Windowing systems =
File:KDE Plasma 5.24 on Arch Linux screenshot.png
KDE Plasma 5 uses the X Window System and Wayland. Support for Wayland was prepared in the compositor and planned for a later release. It was made initially available in the 5.4 release. Stable support for a basic Wayland session was provided in the 5.5 release (December 2015).{{cite web|url=https://dot.kde.org/2015/12/08/plasma-55-beautiful-new-artwork|title=Plasma 5.5 With Beautiful New Artwork|last=Riddell|first=Jonathan|date=2015-12-08|work=KDE.news|access-date=2019-04-28|archive-date=2019-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408141251/https://dot.kde.org/2015/12/08/plasma-55-beautiful-new-artwork|url-status=live}}
Support for NVIDIA proprietary driver for Plasma on Wayland was added in the 5.16 release (June 2019).{{cite web|url=https://kde.org/announcements/plasma-5.15.90.php|title=Plasma 5.16 Release Announcement|date=16 May 2019|publisher=KDE|access-date=26 May 2019|archive-date=21 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190521182654/https://kde.org/announcements/plasma-5.15.90.php|url-status=live}}
= Development =
Since the split of the KDE Software Compilation into KDE Plasma, KDE Frameworks and KDE Applications, each subproject can develop at its own pace. KDE Plasma 5 is on its own release schedule, with feature releases every four months, and bugfix releases in the intervening months.
= Workspaces{{anchor|Plasma_Workspaces}} =
The latest Plasma 5 features the following workspaces:
- Plasma Desktop for any mouse or keyboard driven computing devices like desktops or laptops
- Plasma Mobile for smartphones
- Plasma Bigscreen for TVs and set-top boxes incl. voice interaction{{Cite web|url=https://invent.kde.org/kde/plasma-bigscreen/|title=Plasma / Plasma Bigscreen|access-date=2021-08-08|archive-date=2020-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200506010142/https://invent.kde.org/kde/plasma-bigscreen|url-status=live}}
- Plasma Nano, a minimal shell for embedded and touch-enabled devices,{{Cite web|url=https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-nano|title=Plasma / Plasma Nano · GitLab|website=GitLab|access-date=2022-09-12|archive-date=2022-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705004812/https://invent.kde.org/plasma/plasma-nano|url-status=live}} like IoT or automotive
Desktop features
- KRunner, a search feature with many available plugins. In addition to launching apps, it can find files and folders, open websites, convert from one currency or unit to another, calculate simple mathematical expressions, and perform numerous other useful tasks.{{Cite web| title = How to Use KDE Plasma Desktop Like a Pro| work = Linux.com| access-date = 2017-12-22| date = 2015-02-22| url = https://www.linux.com/learn/how-use-kde-plasma-desktop-pro| archive-date = 2019-08-09| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190809141120/https://www.linux.com/learn/how-use-kde-plasma-desktop-pro| url-status = live}}
- Flexible desktop and panel layouts composed of individual Widgets (also known as "Plasmoids") which can be individually configured, moved around, replaced with alternatives, or deleted. Each screen's layout can be individually configured. New widgets created by others can be downloaded within Plasma.
- Clipboard with a memory of previously-copied pieces of text that can be called up at will.
- System-wide notification system supporting quick reply and drag-and-drop straight from notifications, history view, and a Do Not Disturb mode.
- Central location to control playback of media in open apps, the phone (with KDE Connect installed), or the web browser (with Plasma Browser Integration installed)
- Activities, which allow users to separate methods of using the system into distinct workspaces. Each activity can have its own set of favorite and recently used applications, wallpapers, "virtual desktops", panels, window styles, and layout configurations. It also couples with {{Code|ksmserver}} (X Session Manager implementation) which keeps track of apps that can be run or shutdown along with given activity via subSessions functionality that keep track of state of applications (not all applications support this feature as they do not implement XSMP protocol).{{Cite web|title=Changes to KSMServer – David Edmundson's Web Log|date=28 November 2018 |url=https://blog.davidedmundson.co.uk/blog/changes-to-ksmserver/|access-date=2021-09-30|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930213934/https://blog.davidedmundson.co.uk/blog/changes-to-ksmserver/|url-status=live}}
- Encrypted vaults for storing sensitive data.
- Night Color, which can automatically warm the screen colors at night, or user-specified times, or manually.
- Styling for icons, cursors, application colors, user interface elements, splash screens and more can be changed, with new styles created by others being downloadable from within the System Settings application. Global Themes allow the entire look and feel of the system to be changed in one click.
- Session Management allows apps which were running when the system shut down to be automatically restarted in the same state they were in before.
History
The first Technology Preview of Plasma 5 (at that time called Plasma 2) was released on 13 December 2013.{{cite web|url=https://dot.kde.org/2013/12/20/plasma-2-technology-preview|title=Plasma 2 Technology Preview|work=KDE.news|date=20 December 2013|access-date=23 August 2015|archive-date=12 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912163208/https://dot.kde.org/2013/12/20/plasma-2-technology-preview|url-status=live}} On 15 July 2014, the first release version{{snd}} Plasma 5.0{{snd}} was released.
In spring 2015, Plasma 5 replaced Plasma 4 in many popular distributions, such as Fedora 22,{{cite web|url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=fedora-22-kde&num=1|title=Fedora 22 KDE Delivers A Great Plasma 5 Experience|work=Phoronix|access-date=23 August 2015|archive-date=6 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906132734/http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=fedora-22-kde&num=1|url-status=live}} Kubuntu 15.04,{{cite web|url=http://www.kubuntu.org/news/kubuntu-15.04|title=Kubuntu 15.04 Release Announcement|date=2015-04-22|access-date=2015-07-21|archive-date=2019-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408141152/https://kubuntu.org/news/kubuntu-15.04|url-status=live}} and openSUSE Tumbleweed.{{cite web|url=https://news.softpedia.com/news/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-Now-Uses-KDE-Plasma-5-3-as-Default-Desktop-481392.shtml|title=openSUSE Tumbleweed Now Uses KDE Plasma 5.3 as Default Desktop|last=Nestor|first=Marius|date=2015-05-16|website=Softpedia|access-date=2019-04-28|archive-date=2019-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408141153/https://news.softpedia.com/news/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-Now-Uses-KDE-Plasma-5-3-as-Default-Desktop-481392.shtml|url-status=live}}
= Releases =
{{See also|KDE Software Compilation#Release cycle}}
Feature releases are released every four months (up to 5.8 every three months) and bugfix releases in the intervening months.{{cite web|url=https://community.kde.org/Schedules/Plasma_5|title=Release schedule for Plasma 5|publisher=KDE|access-date=2016-03-31|archive-date=2019-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402073643/https://community.kde.org/Schedules/Plasma_5|url-status=live}} Following version 5.8 LTS KDE plans to support each new LTS version for 18 months with bug fixes, while new regular releases will see feature improvements.{{cite web|url=https://www.cio.com/article/236321/kde-celebrates-20th-birthday-and-goes-lts.html|title=KDE celebrates 20th birthday and goes LTS|last1=Bhartiya|first1=Swapnil|website=CIO|access-date=9 April 2022|archive-date=9 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409232820/https://www.cio.com/article/236321/kde-celebrates-20th-birthday-and-goes-lts.html|url-status=live}}
See also
Gallery
KDE Plasma 5 Lockscreen.png|Default lock screen of Plasma 5
Kscreen-krunner.png|Plasma 5 showing KRunner and display management
Plasma 5 power managament.png|Power management and keyboard brightness OSD
Shutdown screen of Plasma 5.png|Shutdown screen of Plasma 5
Simple-desktop-display-manager-kde.png|Login screen of Plasma 5
Kde-system-settings.png|Plasma System Settings
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Wikibooks|Using KDE}}
{{Commons category|KDE Plasma 5}}
- {{Official website|https://www.kde.org/plasma-desktop/}}
- [https://plasma-mobile.org/ Plasma Mobile website]
- [http://userbase.kde.org/Plasma Plasma user wiki]
- [http://community.kde.org/Plasma Plasma developer wiki]
{{KDE}}
{{X desktop environments and window managers}}
{{Widget engine}}
Category:Free desktop environments
Category:Software that uses QML