Kalix archipelago
{{Short description|Archipelago in the country of Sweden}}
{{Infobox islands
| name = Kalix archipelago
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| map = Sweden
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| coordinates = {{coord|65.656|23.053|type:isle_region:SE|display=inline,title}}
| archipelago =
| waterbody = Bay of Bothnia
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| country = Sweden
| country_admin_divisions_title = Province
| country_admin_divisions = Norrbotten
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The Kalix archipelago ({{langx|sv|Kalix skärgård}}) is a group of 792 Swedish islands in the north part of the Bay of Bothnia. The largest island in the Kalix archipelago is Rånön. A few of the islands have small permanent populations, but most are used only for recreation in the summer months. They are icebound during the winter.
Location
The north of the bay of Bothnia contains a large archipelago area.{{sfn|Leppäranta|Myrberg|2009|p=55}}
The islands in the Swedish sector make up the Norrbotten archipelago.{{sfn|Ankre|2005|p=8}}
It is divided into the archipelagos of Piteå (550 islands), Luleå (1,312 islands), Kalix (792 islands) and Haparanda (652 islands).{{sfn|About the Bay ... Bottenvikens skärgård}}
Due to post-glacial rebound the land is rising at from {{convert|0.8|to|1|cm}} annually, so the shoreline can retreat by as much as {{convert|100|m}} in one person's lifetime.
As a result, the islands are growing in size but the waters and harbors are becoming shallower.{{sfn|Nilsson|Ankre|2006|p=149}}
The largest island in the Kalix archipelago, and in the Norbotten archipelago as a whole, is Rånön.{{sfn|Index: bottenviken.se}}
It is the only island in Kalix that once had a resident population, who lived from forestry, fishing and farming.
Traces can still be seen.
Stora Huvön is said to be one of the most beautiful islands in Sweden, with cliffs that rise from the sea, a sandy beach, and deep tree-filled valleys.
Malören, in the outer archipelago, has a chapel that dates to the 1770s.{{sfn|Kalix archipelago: Heart of Lapland}}
Some of other islands include Bergön, Berghamn, Björn, Getskär-Renskär, Halsön, Granön, Likskär and Stora Trutskär.{{sfn|Bottenviken skoterleder 2011}}
Climate
The archipelago is only {{convert|100|km}} south of the Arctic Circle, so there is daylight for 24 hours in the summer, and full moon all day in the winter.{{sfn|Nilsson|Ankre|2006|p=145}}
The waters around the archipelago are brackish, with less the 10% of the salt content of the Atlantic.{{sfn|Sweden: Rough Guides 2003|p=403}}
The sea freezes in January and remain frozen until March–April.{{sfn|Nilsson|Ankre|2006|p=152}}
See also
References
Citations
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
Sources
{{refbegin}}
- {{cite web
|ref={{harvid|About the Bay ... Bottenvikens skärgård}}
|url=http://www.swedishlapland.com/en/Bottenvikens-skargard/info/Information/
|title=About the Bay of Bothnia
|work=Bottenvikens skärgård
|access-date=2013-09-30
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005023046/http://www.swedishlapland.com/en/Bottenvikens-skargard/info/Information/
|archive-date=2013-10-05
}}
- {{cite web |url=http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1378/FULLTEXT01.pdf|publisher=Mid-Sweden University
|last=Ankre|first=Rosemarie|access-date=2013-10-04|title=A Case Study of the Luleå archipelago, Sweden|year=2005}}
- {{cite web |ref={{harvid|Bottenviken skoterleder 2011}}|access-date=2013-10-12
|title=Bottenviken skoterleder 2011|publisher=Luleå Kommun
|url=http://www.lulea.se/download/18.4743542213c82a1eb137e51/1359937114962/Bottenviken+skoterleder+2011.pdf}}
- {{cite web |ref={{harvid|Index: bottenviken.se}} |url=http://www.bottenviken.se/index.html
|title=Index|work=bottenviken.se|access-date=2013-10-02}}
- {{cite web|ref={{harvid|Kalix archipelago: Heart of Lapland}}|url=http://www.heartoflapland.com/en/destinations/kalix/get-to-know/kalix-archipelago.aspx|title=Kalix archipelago|work=Heart of Lapland|access-date=2013-10-09|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004215540/http://www.heartoflapland.com/en/destinations/kalix/get-to-know/kalix-archipelago.aspx|archive-date=2013-10-04}}
- {{cite book|last1=Leppäranta|first1=Matti|last2=Myrberg|first2=Kai
|title=Physical Oceanography of the Baltic Sea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=csLKtvZNV98C&pg=PA55|access-date=2013-10-01
|date=2009-03-20|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-540-79703-6|page=55}}
- {{cite book|last1=Nilsson|first1=Per-Åke|last2=Ankre|first2=Rosemarie|chapter=The Lulea Archipelago, Sweden|title=Extreme Tourism: Lessons from the World's Cold Water Islands
|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qaxdLujk3CAC&pg=PA35|access-date=2013-10-08
|year=2006|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-08-044656-1}}
- {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Sweden: Rough Guides 2003}}
|title=Sweden|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PgxgwGSwFrEC&pg=PA403|access-date=2013-10-02|year=2003
|publisher=Rough Guides|isbn=978-1-84353-066-4}}
{{refend}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kalix archipelago}}
Category:Swedish islands in the Baltic
Category:Archipelagoes of Sweden