Karapiro#Karapiro statistical area
{{About|the settlement and rural community|other uses|Karapiro (disambiguation)}}
{{Short description|Settlement in Waikato, New Zealand}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Use New Zealand English|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Karapiro
| map_caption =
| mapsize =
| image_map = {{infobox mapframe|coord={{coord|-37.922|175.541}}|zoom=9}}
| image_caption = Sculpture at Karapiro Dam lookout
| imagesize =
| image_skyline = Karapiro Monument.jpg
| total_type = Territorial
| settlement_type = Village
| coordinates = {{coord|-37.922|175.541|region:NZ_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = New Zealand
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_name1 = Waikato
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = Waipā District
| subdivision_type3 = Ward
| subdivision_name3 = {{ubl|Maungatautari General Ward|Cambridge General Ward}}
| leader_title = Territorial Authority
| leader_name = Waipā District Council
| leader_title1 = Regional council
| leader_name1 = Waikato Regional Council
| leader_title2 = Mayor of Waipa
| leader_name2 = {{NZ officeholder data|Waipa District Mayor|y}}
| leader_title3 = Taupō MP
| leader_name3 = {{NZ officeholder data|Taupō MP|y}}
| leader_title4 = Hauraki-Waikato MP
| leader_name4 = {{NZ officeholder data|Hauraki-Waikato MP|y}}
| seat_type = Electorates
| seat = {{ubl|Taupō|Hauraki-Waikato (Māori)}}
| area_total_km2 = 0.96
| population_footnotes = {{NZ population data 2018||||y}}
| population_as_of = {{NZ population data 2018|||y}}
| population_total = {{NZ population data 2018|Karapiro Village|y}}
| population_density_km2 = auto
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| timezone = NZST
| utc_offset = +12
| timezone_DST = NZDT
| utc_offset_DST = +13
| area_code = 07
| official_name =
}}
Karapiro ({{langx|mi|Karāpiro}}) is a settlement and rural area in the Waipā District and Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It includes both the artificially created Lake Karapiro and the accompanying Karāpiro Power Station. Karapiro is located just off State Highway 1, south-west of Cambridge.
History
In about 1600, Te Ihingarangi built a pā (fortified village) called Te Tiki o Ihingarangi near where Lake Karapiro is today.{{cite web |url= https://cambridgemuseum.org.nz/archaeology-2/ |title=Archaeology |work=Cambridge Museum |publisher=Cambridge Historical Society |access-date=6 February 2021}}
In 1830 Ngāti Hauā defeated Ngāti Maru in a battle at Taumatawīwī, two kilometres south of Karapiro Domain. On the orders of the Ngāti Hauā chief Te Waharoa, his dead warriors were cremated, this taking place on rocks beside the Waikato River, the location then becoming known as Karāpiro, from the Māori language words {{lang|mi|karā}}, meaning "basaltic stone", and {{lang|mi|piro}}, meaning "foul smelling". The site was flooded when the dam was built and the lake created in 1947.{{cite web |url= https://nzhistory.govt.nz/media/video/lake-karapiro-roadside-stories |title=Lake Karapiro - roadside stories |date=2011 |work=NZHistory |publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage |access-date=6 February 2021}}
A man opened fire inside the Karapiro Cafe and Grits in April 2019.{{cite news |last1=Fitzgerald |first1=Kate |title=Man shot while working at Karapiro cafe |url=https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2019/04/man-shot-while-working-at-karapiro-cafe.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190425012427/https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2019/04/man-shot-while-working-at-karapiro-cafe.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 April 2019 |agency=Newshub |publisher=Mediaworks New Zealand |date=25 April 2019}} The suspect was later put under mental health care;{{cite news |last1=Wilson |first1=Libby |title=Alleged Karapiro cafe shooter 'extremely unwell' and under mental health care |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/112547712/alleged-karapiro-cafe-shooter-extremely-unwell-and-under-mental-health-care |agency=Waikato Times |publisher=Stuff |date=8 May 2019}} the victim survived with serious injuries.{{cite news |last1=Nyika |first1=Ruby |title=Cafe worker shot in head near Cambridge a 'medical miracle' |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/112443759/cafe-worker-shot-in-head-near-cambridge-a-medical-miracle |agency=Waikato Times |publisher=Stuff |date=3 May 2019}}
Demographics
Statistics New Zealand describes Karapiro Village as a rural settlement, which covers {{Convert|0.96|km2||abbr=on}}.{{Cite web|title=Stats NZ Geographic Data Service|url=https://datafinder.stats.govt.nz/data/|at=Urban Rural 2023 (generalised)|access-date=21 April 2025}} It had an estimated population of {{NZ population data 2018|Karapiro Village|y}} as of {{NZ population data 2018|||y|y||,}} with a population density of {{Decimals|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Karapiro Village|y}}|R}}/0.96|0}} people per km2. The settlement is part of the larger Karapiro statistical area.{{cite web|url=https://statsnz.maps.arcgis.com/apps/instant/sidebar/index.html?appid=3a406ce8fbb14367ab5caae21c07ab8b|title=Geographic Boundary Viewer|publisher=Stats NZ|at=Urban Rural – 2023 and Statistical Area 2 – 2023}}
{{Historical populations|2006|207|2013|201|2018|300|2023|315|percentages=pagr|align=left|title=Historical population for Karapiro Village|source={{NZ census 2018|7012634 and 7012635}}}}
Karapiro Village had a population of 315 in the 2023 New Zealand census, an increase of 15 people (5.0%) since the 2018 census, and an increase of 114 people (56.7%) since the 2013 census. There were 162 males and 153 females in 114 dwellings.{{cite web|url=https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/vis?fs[0]=2023%20Census%2C0%7CTotals%20by%20topic%23CAT_TOTALS_BY_TOPIC%23&pg=0&fc=Variable%20codes&bp=true&snb=9&df[ds]=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df[id]=CEN23_TBT_005&df[ag]=STATSNZ&df[vs]=1.0&dq=doTotal%2Bdo1.1190.2023&ly[rw]=CEN23_TBT_DWD_003|publisher=Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer|access-date=3 October 2024|title=Totals by topic for dwellings, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses}} 1.0% of people identified as LGBTIQ+. The median age was 44.8 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 54 people (17.1%) aged under 15 years, 51 (16.2%) aged 15 to 29, 162 (51.4%) aged 30 to 64, and 48 (15.2%) aged 65 or older.
People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 90.5% European (Pākehā); 15.2% Māori; 1.0% Pasifika; 4.8% Asian; 1.9% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 5.7% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English was spoken by 99.0%, Māori by 1.9%, and other languages by 7.6%. No language could be spoken by 1.0% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 1.0%. The percentage of people born overseas was 22.9, compared with 28.8% nationally.
Religious affiliations were 41.9% Christian, and 1.0% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 49.5%, and 6.7% of people did not answer the census question.
Of those at least 15 years old, 75 (28.7%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 156 (59.8%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 33 (12.6%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $51,100, compared with $41,500 nationally. 57 people (21.8%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was 138 (52.9%) full-time, 48 (18.4%) part-time, and 6 (2.3%) unemployed.{{Cite web|url=https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/vis?fs[0]=2023%20Census%2C0%7CTotals%20by%20topic%23CAT_TOTALS_BY_TOPIC%23&pg=0&fc=Variable%20codes&bp=true&snb=9&df[ds]=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df[id]=CEN23_TBT_008&df[ag]=STATSNZ&df[vs]=1.0&dq=hq011%2Bhq010%2Bhq009%2Bhq008%2Bhq007%2Bhq006%2Bhq005%2Bhq004%2Bhq003%2Bhq002%2Bhq001%2Bhq000%2Bws1%2Bsp99%2Bra80%2Bra08%2Bra07%2Bra06%2Bra05%2Bra01%2Bra04%2Bra03%2Bra02%2Bra00%2Brb1%2Bls66%2Bls03%2Bls02%2Bls05%2Bls04%2Bls01%2Beg6%2Beg5%2Beg4%2Beg3%2Beg2%2Beg1%2BbiTotal%2Bbi0%2Bbi1%2BasTotalLG%2Bas4%2Bas3%2Bas2%2Bas1%2Bws4%2Bws3%2Bws2%2Bge3%2Bge2%2Bge1%2Brc%2BasMed%2BegTotal%2BlsTotal%2BgeTotal%2BrbTotal%2BraTotal%2BhqTotal%2BibTotal%2Bib7%2Bibmed%2BwsTotal.1190.2013%2B2018%2B2023&to[TIME]=false&ly[rw]=CEN23_TBT_IND_003&ly[cl]=CEN23_YEAR_001|publisher=Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer|access-date=3 October 2024|title=Totals by topic for individuals, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses|at=Karapiro Village (1190)}}
=Karapiro statistical area=
Karapiro statistical area, which also includes Te Miro, covers {{Convert|190.82|km2||abbr=on}}{{Cite web|title=Stats NZ Geographic Data Service|url=https://datafinder.stats.govt.nz/data/|at=Statistical Area 2 2023 (generalised)|access-date=21 April 2025}} and had an estimated population of {{NZ population data 2023 SA2|Karapiro|y}} as of {{NZ population data 2023 SA2|||y|y||,}} with a population density of {{Decimals|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2023 SA2|Karapiro|y}}|R}}/190.82|0}} people per km2.
{{Historical populations|2006|1,794|2013|1,950|2018|2,334|2023|2,523|percentages=pagr|align=left|title=Historical population for the statistical area|source={{NZ census 2018|Karapiro (182500)|karapiro|Karapiro}}}}
The statistical area had a population of 2,523 in the 2023 New Zealand census, an increase of 189 people (8.1%) since the 2018 census, and an increase of 573 people (29.4%) since the 2013 census. There were 1,266 males, 1,251 females, and 9 people of other genders in 906 dwellings.{{cite web|url=https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/vis?fs[0]=2023%20Census%2C0%7CTotals%20by%20topic%23CAT_TOTALS_BY_TOPIC%23&pg=0&fc=Variable%20codes&bp=true&snb=9&df[ds]=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df[id]=CEN23_TBT_005&df[ag]=STATSNZ&df[vs]=1.0&dq=doTotal%2Bdo1.182500.2023&ly[rw]=CEN23_TBT_DWD_003|publisher=Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer|access-date=3 October 2024|title=Totals by topic for dwellings, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses}} 1.8% of people identified as LGBTIQ+. The median age was 42.4 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 519 people (20.6%) aged under 15 years, 387 (15.3%) aged 15 to 29, 1,263 (50.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 354 (14.0%) aged 65 or older.
People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 94.8% European (Pākehā); 8.9% Māori; 1.5% Pasifika; 2.6% Asian; 0.6% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 2.6% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English was spoken by 97.9%, Māori by 1.3%, and other languages by 6.9%. No language could be spoken by 1.9% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.4%. The percentage of people born overseas was 20.1, compared with 28.8% nationally.
Religious affiliations were 32.3% Christian, 0.1% Hindu, 0.2% Buddhist, 0.4% New Age, and 0.6% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 59.6%, and 6.8% of people did not answer the census question.
Of those at least 15 years old, 537 (26.8%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 1,122 (56.0%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 345 (17.2%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $53,100, compared with $41,500 nationally. 426 people (21.3%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was 1,125 (56.1%) full-time, 372 (18.6%) part-time, and 36 (1.8%) unemployed.{{Cite web|url=https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/vis?fs[0]=2023%20Census%2C0%7CTotals%20by%20topic%23CAT_TOTALS_BY_TOPIC%23&pg=0&fc=Variable%20codes&bp=true&snb=9&df[ds]=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df[id]=CEN23_TBT_008&df[ag]=STATSNZ&df[vs]=1.0&dq=hq011%2Bhq010%2Bhq009%2Bhq008%2Bhq007%2Bhq006%2Bhq005%2Bhq004%2Bhq003%2Bhq002%2Bhq001%2Bhq000%2Bws1%2Bsp99%2Bra80%2Bra08%2Bra07%2Bra06%2Bra05%2Bra01%2Bra04%2Bra03%2Bra02%2Bra00%2Brb1%2Bls66%2Bls03%2Bls02%2Bls05%2Bls04%2Bls01%2Beg6%2Beg5%2Beg4%2Beg3%2Beg2%2Beg1%2BbiTotal%2Bbi0%2Bbi1%2BasTotalLG%2Bas4%2Bas3%2Bas2%2Bas1%2Bws4%2Bws3%2Bws2%2Bge3%2Bge2%2Bge1%2Brc%2BasMed%2BegTotal%2BlsTotal%2BgeTotal%2BrbTotal%2BraTotal%2BhqTotal%2BibTotal%2Bib7%2Bibmed%2BwsTotal.182500.2013%2B2018%2B2023&to[TIME]=false&ly[rw]=CEN23_TBT_IND_003&ly[cl]=CEN23_YEAR_001|publisher=Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer|access-date=3 October 2024|title=Totals by topic for individuals, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses|at=Karapiro (182500)}}
Lake Karapiro
{{main|Lake Karapiro}}
Lake Karapiro is an artificial reservoir lake on the Waikato River, formed in 1947 by damming the Waikato River to store water for the 96-megawatt Karapiro hydroelectric power station.{{cite book| editor = Viner, A.B.| last1=Lowe |first1=D.J. |last2=Green |first2=J.D.| title=Inland waters of New Zealand| pages=471–474| publisher=DSIR Science Information Publishing Centre| location=Wellington| year=1987| isbn=0-477-06799-9}}
The lake is regarded as one of New Zealand's best rowing venues. It hosted the World Rowing Championships in 1978 and 2010, as well as the rowing events for the 1950 British Empire Games. Lake Karapiro alternates with the South Island's Lake Ruataniwha in hosting the New Zealand national rowing championships and the New Zealand secondary school rowing championships (Maadi Cup). In March 2006, an International Rowing Federation inspection panel described Karapiro as one of the fairest and most picturesque courses in the world.{{cite news |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/story.cfm?c_id=4&objectid=10385584 |title=NZ to host 2010 world rowing champs |date=8 June 2006 |agency=NZPA |work=The New Zealand Herald |accessdate=13 October 2011}}
Karāpiro Power Station
{{main|Karāpiro Power Station}}
The 96-megawatt Karāpiro Power Station is located adjacent to the dam at the head of the lake, and is the eighth and last hydroelectric power station located on the Waikato River. Water for the power station up to {{convert|362|m3/s}} at full power, is taken from the lake and passed through three Kaplan turbines in the powerhouse, before being deposited into the lower Waikato River. Each turbine turns a 32 MW generator, and the electricity from the generators is fed into Transpower's national transmission grid. The station is a base load generator due to its need to maintain water flows into the Waikato River system beyond the lake.
The ten-megawatt Horahora Power Station at Horahora, 13 km upstream of Karapiro Dam, part of an earlier hydroelectric power scheme, was flooded with the formation of Lake Karapiro.{{cite book|last=Martin|first=John E. |title= People, politics and power stations : electric power generation in New Zealand, 1880–1990|year=1991|isbn=0-908912-16-1}}
Education
Karāpiro School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 6 students,{{cite web |title=Official School Website |url=http://www.karapiro.school.nz |website=karapiro.school.nz}}{{cite web |title=Ministry of Education School Profile |url=https://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/find-school/school/profile?school=1764 |website=educationcounts.govt.nz |publisher=Ministry of Education}} with a roll of {{NZ school roll data|1764|y}} as of {{NZ school roll data|||y|}}.{{cite web |title=Education Review Office Report |url=http://www.ero.govt.nz/report-view?id=1764 |website=ero.govt.nz |publisher=Education Review Office}} The school opened in 1921.{{cite web|url=https://www.karapiro.school.nz/about/|title=About|publisher=Karāpiro School|access-date=21 April 2025}}