Karnak King List
{{short description|Engraved list of Egyptian kings}}
{{Infobox artifact
| name = Karnak King List
| image = KarnakCanonPrisseDrawing.png
| image_caption = Drawing of the list in 1843
| location = Paris, Ile-de-France, France
| created = {{circa}} 1450 BC
| discovered_place = Luxor, Luxor Governorate, Egypt
| discovered_date = before 1826
}}
The Karnak King List, a list of early Egyptian kings engraved in stone, was located in the southwest corner of the Festival Hall of Thutmose III, in the middle of the Precinct of Amun-Re, in the Karnak Temple Complex, in modern Luxor, Egypt. Composed during the reign of Thutmose III, it listed sixty-one kings beginning with Sneferu from Egypt's Old Kingdom. Only the names of thirty-nine kings are still legible, and one is not written in a cartouche (a border used normally to surround the name of a king).
It is not a complete list of the Egyptian pharaohs, as other kings are known from other ancient lists, but this list is valuable as it contains the names of kings of the First and Second Intermediate Periods, which are omitted in most other king lists.
It was first described by James Burton in 1825.Burton, James: "Excerpta Hieroglypica", Plate Ia, Cairo, 1825 In 1843, a German expedition directed by Egyptologist Karl Lepsius was traveling up the Nile River to Karnak. A French adventurer, Émile d'Avennes, dismantled and stole the blocks containing the king list one night in order to secure it for France, and sent it home."L'Illustration, Journal Universel", Vol. VII, p 244-245, Paris 1846Monderson, Frederick. "Temple of Karnak: The Majestic Architecture of Ancient Kemet" p. 58 Severely damaged, it is now on display at the LouvreChapelle des ancêtres in the Sully wing, Rez-de-chaussée, Room 12, Catalogue number E13481bis in Paris.
Drawing of the list
Description of the list
The list features the name of the pharaoh followed by the actual one inscribed on the list. The list comprises three sections and is divided at the center. The numbering follows Lepsius,Abhandlungen der Königlichen Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1852 (1853) p.455 counting from the sides, toward the center. Pharaohs that are known have the damaged part of the inscribed name in parentheses.
| class="wikitable" width="90%" |
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#ddd" |Left side
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#ddd" |Right side |
|---|
| colspan="4" style="background-color:#ffffcc" |Top Row |
| Pharaoh
!Inscribed name !Pharaoh !Inscribed name |
| 1. Name destroyed
| style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |32. Senusret III |Khakare |
| 2. Sneferu
|Sneferu |33. Sobekhotep IV |Khaneferre |
| 3. Sahure
|Sahure |34. Neferhotep I |Khasekhemre |
| 4. Nyuserre Ini
|Ini |35. Name destroyed | style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |
| 5. Djedkare Isesi
|Isesi |36. Sobekhotep I |Sekhemre Khutawy |
| 6. Name destroyed
| style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |37. Amenemhet VI |Sankhibre |
| 7. Name destroyed
| style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |38. Nebiryraw I |Sewadjenre |
| 8. Djehuti
|Sekhemre Sementawy |39. Snaaib? |...khau(re) |
| colspan="4" style="background-color:#ffffcc" |Second Row |
| Pharaoh
!Inscribed name !Pharaoh !Inscribed name |
| 9. Name destroyed
| style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |40. Name destroyed | style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |
| 10. Intef II
|Intef |41. Neferhotep II |Mersekhemre |
| 11. Intef I
|In(tef) |42. Sobekhotep VII |Merkaure |
| 12. Mentuhotep I
| Men(tuhotep){{Efn|Accompanied by the Horus name "-aa", meaning "the ancestor", which is still visible next to it.}} |43. Sobekhotep VIII? |Seusertawy |
| 13. Intef the Elder
| Intef{{Efn|Name is not written inside a cartouche}} |44. Unknown |...re |
| 14. Teti
|Teti |45. Senusret IV |Senefer(ib)re |
| 15. Pepi I Meryre
|Pepi |46. Sobekhotep VI |Khahotepre |
| 16. Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
|Merenre |47. Sobekhotep II |Khaankhre |
| colspan="4" style="background-color:#ffffcc" |Third Row |
| Pharaoh
!Inscribed name !Pharaoh !Inscribed name |
| 17. Amenemhat I
|Sehotepibre |48. Rahotep |(Sekhem)re Wahkhaure |
| 18. Amenemhat II
|Nebukare |49. Sewahenre Senebmiu |Sewahenre |
| 19. Name destroyed
| style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |Merhotepre |
| 20. Name destroyed
| style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |51. Wegaf |Khutawire |
| 21. Amenemhat IV
|Maakherure |52. Name destroyed | style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |
| 22. Sobekneferu
|Sobekneferu |53. Name destroyed | style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |
| 23. Sehetepkare Intef?
|Intef |54. Sobekemsaf I |Sekhemre Wadjkhau |
| colspan="4" style="background-color:#ffffcc" |Bottom Row |
| Pharaoh
!Inscribed name !Pharaoh !Inscribed name |
| 24. Senusret I
|Kheperkare |55. Unknown |...re |
| 25. Seqenenre Tao
|Seqenenre |56. Pepi III? |Senefer..re |
| 26. Senakhtenre Ahmose
|Senakhtenre |57. Mentuhotep V? |Sewadj..re |
| 27. Bebiankh
|Seuserenre |58. Sekhemre Shedwaset? |Sekhem..re |
| 28. Nubkheperre Intef
|Nubkheperre |59. Name destroyed | style="color:#999"> |Name destroyed |
| 29. Mentuhotep II
|Nebhepetre |60. Name destroyed | style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |
| 30. Mentuhotep III
|Seneferkare |61. Name destroyed | style="color:#999" |Name destroyed |
| 31. Mentuhotep IV
|(Nebtawy)re |
Gallery
{{multiple image
| align = center
| image1 = P1060217 Louvre Thoutmosis III chapelle des Ancêtres volet 1 rwk.JPG
| width1 = 150
| alt1 =
| caption1 =
| image2 = P1060218 Louvre Thoutmosis III chapelle des Ancêtres volet 2 rwk.JPG
| width2 = 160
| alt2 =
| caption2 =
| image3 = P1060219 Louvre Thoutmosis III chapelle des Ancêtres volet 3 rwk.JPG
| width3 = 150
| alt3 =
| caption3 =
| footer = Detailed photos of the actual list in the Louvre
}}
See also
Notes
{{Notelist}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
{{commons category}}
- [http://bibliothek.bbaw.de/bibliothek-digital/digitalequellen/schriften/anzeige/index_html?band=07-abh/1852&seite:int=884 Lepsius drawing from APAW 1852] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091013084552/http://bibliothek.bbaw.de/bibliothek-digital/digitalequellen/schriften/anzeige/index_html?band=07-abh%2F1852&seite%3Aint=884 |date=2009-10-13 }} from Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften
- [http://pharaoh.se/karnak-king-list Karnak king list] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324032248/http://pharaoh.se/karnak-king-list |date=2015-03-24 }} with complete hieroglyphics, sources and pictures
{{Karnak Temple Navigation}}
Category:15th-century BC literature
Category:1825 archaeological discoveries
Category:Archaeological discoveries in Egypt
Category:Karnak temple complex