Keian
{{Short description|Period of Japanese history (1648–1652)}}
{{For |the Zen Buddhist monk| Keian Genju}}
{{History of Japan |image=Shoso-in.jpg |caption=Shōsōin}}
{{nihongo|Keian|慶安}} was a {{nihongo|Japanese era name|年号|nengō|"year name"}} after Shōhō and before Jōō. This period spanned the years from February 1648 through September 1652.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Keian" in [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA503 Japan encyclopedia, p. 503]; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see [http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120524174828/http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 |date=2012-05-24 }}. The reigning emperor was {{nihongo|Go-Kōmyō-tennō|後光明天皇}}.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:OCLC63259938 Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 412.]
Change of era
- 1648 {{nihongo|Keian gannen|慶安元年}}: The new era name was created in response to criticism that Shōhō was too closely related to Shōbō (焼亡, meaning "death by burning"). The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Shōhō 5, on the 5th day of the 2nd month.
The new era name was drawn from the Chinese classic, The I Ching: "At the end happiness, joy of quiet righteousness, answer the world unlimited" (乃終有慶、安貞之吉、応地無疆):
Events of the ''Keian'' era
- April 1, 1649 (Keian 2, 20th day of the 2nd month): There was a major earthquake in Edo.
- 1651 (Keian 4): Keian Uprising. Plans by well-organized rōnin to attack several Tokugawa strongholds simultaneously were timely discovered. The attempt plan to overthrow the Edo Bakufu by Marubashi Chūya and Yui Shōsetsu was thwarted.Screech, T. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shogans: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822, pp. 85–89.
- 1652 (Keian 5, 5th month): Nihon Ōdai Ichiran is first published in Kyoto under the patronage of the tairō Sakai Tadakatsu, daimyō of the Obama Domain of Wakasa Province.Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:OCLC63259938 p. 412]; n.b., the first copy of this rare book was brought from Japan to Europe by Isaac Titsingh in 1796. Titsingh translated the text from Japanese and Chinese; and his work was then supplemented for posthumous publication by Julius Klaproth. The initial Japanese authorship is confirmed; the precise nengō-dating is confirmed in the same passage -- see Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cg8oAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:OCLC63259938 p. 406.]
Notes
{{Reflist}}
References
- Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48943301/editions?editionsView=true&referer=br OCLC 48943301]
- Screech, Timon. (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=BLzQA7cpr7wC Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822.] London: RoutledgeCurzon. {{ISBN|978-0-203-09985-8}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/65177072 OCLC 65177072]
- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Ōdai Ichiran; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran Annales des empereurs du Japon.] Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
External links
- National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]
{{s-start}}
{{succession box
| before = {{nihongo|Shōhō|正保}}
| title = Era or nengō
{{nihongo|Keian|慶安}}
| years = 1648–1652
| after = {{nihongo|Jōō|承応}}
}}
{{s-end}}
{{Japanese era name}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Keian}}