Khosrow III
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Khosrow III
{{lang|pal|𐭧𐭥𐭮𐭫𐭥𐭣𐭩}}
| title = King of Kings of Iranians and non-Iranians
| image = XusravIIICoinHistoryofIran.jpg
| caption =
| succession = Rival Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire
| reign = 630
| coronation =
| full name =
| predecessor = Shahrbaraz
| successor = Boran
| queen =
| issue =
| royal house = House of Sasan
| dynasty =
| father = Khosrow II
| mother =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date = 630
| death_place = Khorasan
| religion = Zoroastrianism
| date of burial =
| place of burial =
}}
Khosrow III (also spelled Khosrau, Khusro or Xosrow; {{langx|pal|𐭧𐭥𐭮𐭫𐭥𐭣𐭩}}; New Persian: {{lang|fa|خسرو}}) was a Sasanian rival claimant who briefly ruled a part of Khorasan for a few months in 630.
Name
"Khosrow" is the New Persian variant of his name used by scholars; his original name was Middle Persian, Husraw, itself derived from Avestan Haosrauuah ("he who has good fame").{{harvnb|Skjærvø|2000}}; {{harvnb|Nicholson|Canepa|Daryaee|2018}} The name is transliterated in Greek as Chosroes (Χοσρόης) and in Arabic as Kisra.{{sfn|Nicholson|Canepa|Daryaee|2018}}
Biography
The background of Khosrow III is obscure; in some sources he has been described as a son of Kavad II ({{reign|628|628}}), whilst other state that he was a son of Khosrow II ({{reign|590|628}}).{{sfn|Al-Tabari|1985–2007|loc=v. 5: p. 403 (note 995)}} The latter seems more likely according to the English historian C. E. Bosworth.{{sfn|Al-Tabari|1985–2007|loc=v. 5: p. 403 (note 995)}} Khosrow III originally lived in the "land of the Turks", but after hearing of the friction in Iran, went to the country and succeeded in ruling some of Khorasan for three months, before being killed by its governor.{{sfn|Al-Tabari|1985–2007|loc=v. 5: p. 403 (note 995)}} On his coinage, Khosrow III is portrayed wearing the same crown as Khosrow II, with the two wings being a reference to Verethragna, the god of victory.{{sfn|Schindel|2013|p=830}} He is portrayed without a beard on his portrait on the front, making him along with Ardashir III ({{reign|628|630}}) the only Sasanian monarchs without a beard.{{sfn|Schindel|2013|p=830}}
References
{{reflist|2}}
Sources
- {{cite book | last = Al-Tabari | first = Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir | author-link=Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari | editor1 = Ehsan Yar-Shater | editor-link1=Ehsan Yarshater |title = The History of Al-Ṭabarī. | volume = V |publisher = State University of New York Press | location = Albany, NY | date = 1985–2007 | isbn=978-0-7914-4355-2 }}
- {{ODLA|last1=Nicholson|first1=Oliver|last2=Canepa|first2=Matthew |last3=Daryaee|first3=Touraj |title=Khosrow I Anoshirvan|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-2644}}
- {{cite book |last1=Schindel |first1=Nikolaus |editor-last=Potts|editor-first=Daniel T.|title=The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Iran |date=2013 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0199733309 |chapter=Sasanian Coinage}}
- {{cite encyclopedia | title = Kayāniān vii. Kauui Haosrauuah, Kay Husrōy, Kay Ḵosrow | last = Skjærvø | first = Prods Oktor | url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kayanian-vii | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica | year = 2000}}
{{S-start}}
{{S-hou|Sasanian dynasty||||}}
{{S-bef|before=Shahrbaraz}}
{{S-ttl|title=Rival King of Kings of Iran and non-Iran|years=630}}
{{S-aft|after=Boran}}
{{End}}
{{Sassanid Rulers}}
Category:7th-century Sasanian monarchs
Category:Year of birth unknown