Kimathanka
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Kimathanka
|other_name =
|native_name = किमाथांका
|nickname =
|settlement_type = Village (ward)
|motto =
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|image_map = {{OSM Location map
| coord = {{coord|27.8569|87.4181}}
| zoom = 12
| float = right
| width = 290
| height = 260
| caption = Kimathanka
| title = Kimathanka
| minimap = file bottom right
| mini-file = Nepal rel location map.svg
| mini-width = 100
| mini-height = 60
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| label1 = Kimathanka
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| label2 = Nepal
| mark-coord2 = {{coord|27|49|39|N|87|23|10|E}}
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| label3 = China
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|mapsize = 300px
|map_caption = Map of the village development committees in Sankhuwasabha District
|pushpin_map = Nepal Province1#Nepal
|pushpin_label_position = bottom
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|pushpin_map_caption = Location in province
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Nepal}}
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 = Province No. 1
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 = Sankhuwasabha
|subdivision_type3 = Rural Municipality
|subdivision_name3 = Bhotkhola
|subdivision_type4 = Part of (ward)
|subdivision_name4 = Ward no. 1
|
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|area_total_km2 = 13.37
|population_as_of = 2011
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|population_total = 368
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_blank1_title = Ethnicities
|timezone = Nepal Time
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Kimathanka is a village (previously, a village development committee) in Bhotkhola rural municipality of Sankhuwasabha District of Koshi Province, Nepal and serves as the Nepalese counterpart of the Nepal-China (Tibet autonomous region) border at Zhentang (Chentang). At the time of the 1991 census, it had a population of 303 people living in 50 individual households.{{Cite web|url=http://www.digitalhimalaya.com/collections/nepalcensus/form.php?selection=1 |title=Nepal Census 2001 |work=Nepal's Village Development Committees |publisher=Digital Himalaya |accessdate=19 November 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012163506/http://www.digitalhimalaya.com/collections/nepalcensus/form.php?selection=1 |archivedate=12 October 2008 }}
Being among the most remote Himalayan villages of Nepal, Kimathanka is also the end point of the in-progress 362 kilometers long Biratnagar-Khandbari-Kimathanka road called Koshi Highway, which plans to connect the village with the provincial headquarter of Biratnagar and subsequently, with the Indian border town of Jogbani.{{Cite web|url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/74326/|title=Nepal Army entrusted to build 14km road section of Khadbari-Kimathanka Highway linking China|last=Rana|first=Pratik|website=My Republica|language=en|access-date=2020-01-22}}{{Cite web|url=https://kathmandupost.com/money/2019/05/05/road-to-connect-china-and-india-in-eastern-region-nears-completion|title=Road to connect China and India in Eastern region nears completion|website=kathmandupost.com|language=English|access-date=2020-01-22}} The Arun River runs through the valley below the village. In 2019, road embankment construction on the Chinese side led to fear of potential downstream flooding in Kimathanka.{{Cite web
| title = Chinese construction along the Nepal-Tibet border puts strategic land at risk
| first1 = Anil
| last1 = Giri
| first2 = Dipendra
| last2 = Shakya
| publisher = The Kathmandu Post
| date = 13 January 2019
| access-date = 2 September 2019
| url = https://kathmandupost.com/national/2019/01/13/chinese-construction-along-the-nepal-tibet-border-puts-strategic-land-at-risk-20190113190207
| quote =
}} In November 2020, Prime Minister of Nepal KP Sharma Oli visited Kimathanka inspecting the progress of Koshi Highway and other infrastructure projects in the area.{{Cite web
| title = Koshi highway connecting Nepal, China and India soon: PM Oli
| publisher = South Asian Monitor
| date = November 12, 2020
| access-date = 22 November 2020
| url = https://southasianmonitor.net/en/nepal/koshi-highway-connecting-nepal-china-and-india-soon-pm-oli
| quote =Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli carried out an onsite visit of Kimathanka border point and North-South highway on Wednesday. On the occasion, he expressed his confidence that India and China would be connected with each other soon.
| title = PM Oli to visit Kimathanka on Wednesday
| author =
| publisher = Khabarhub
| date = November 10, 2020
| access-date = 22 November 2020
| url = https://english.khabarhub.com/2020/10/141054/
| quote = Prime Minister’s Press Adviser Surya Thapa said that Prime Minister Oli is visiting Kimathanka to inspect various projects including the Koshi Corridor.}}
Border
Kimathanka is near the border with Tibet. The border was part of brief dispute between China and Nepal before 1960.{{Cite web
| title = International Boundary Study - China – Nepal Boundary
| author = Office of the Geographer
| date = 1969-05-30
| accessdate = 2017-02-14
| publisher = Bureau of Intelligence and Research
| url = http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/LimitsinSeas/IBS050.pdf
| archive-date = 2012-05-03
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120503141259/http://www.law.fsu.edu/library/collection/LimitsinSeas/IBS050.pdf
| language =
| quote =
}} The dispute was resolved in their 1961 border agreement.{{cite wikisource |title=中华人民共和国和尼泊尔王国边界条约 |trans-title=China-Nepal Border Agreement |wslanguage=zh |date=1961-10-05}} The Chentang township in Tibet is on the other side of the valley. There has been local cross-border trade for decades. It has been sufficiently crucial for the local economy in recent years that in 2008 when Chinese tightened its border control during the Olympics, Kimathanka and the nearby villages faced food shortages due to disruption of the local trade.{{Cite web
| title = China seals border, villages on Nepali side face starvation
| first = Kishor
| last = Budhathoki
| work = The Himalayan Times
| date = 2008-06-04
| accessdate = 2017-02-13
| url = https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/china-seals-border-villages-on-nepali-side-face-starvation/
| quote = Starvation looms large in the northern parts of Sankhuwasabha district after China closed the Kimathanka check post
}} A Chinese border checkpoint was set up in 2011 checking border crossing permits of Nepalese.{{Cite episode
| title = 朋曲:寻访边境线
| trans-title = Pum Qu River: Visiting the border
| author =
| network = China Central Television
| series = Yuanfang De Jia
| season = 江河万里行
| number = 136
| date = 2014-11-05
| accessdate = 2017-02-14
| url = http://tv.cntv.cn/video/C22432/5cd727e21eb24ed2bf9843d374701559
| quote =
}} In 2015, there were recorded 7700 border crossings and the annual trade at this port was valued at {{currency|18650000|CNY}}.{{Cite web
| title = 藏在喜马拉雅山深处的"桃花源"
| author = 周健伟
| author2 = 林威
| author3 = 汤阳
| work = Xinhua Daily Telegraph
| date = 2017-02-17
| access-date = 27 November 2019
| url = http://www.xinhuanet.com/mrdx/2017-02/17/c_136063141.htm
| language = zh
| quote = 据统计,从2011年-2015年,陈塘通道承担的中尼进出口额由715万元增加到1865万元,贸易量由485吨增加到1265吨,出入境人员由2953人次增加到7700人次,均增长1.61倍。
}}
Culture
Kimathanka was one of the areas of Nepal that had traditionally practiced polyandry, however that practice is fading.{{Cite web|url=https://wagle.com.np/2002/10/12/nepali-polyandry-tradition-husbands-are-decreasing/|title=Nepal's Polyandry Tradition: Young Men Don't Want to Share Their Wife With Brothers in Kimathanka|last=Wagle|first=Dinesh|date=October 12, 2002|website=Wagle Street Journal|accessdate=2017-02-28|quote=}}{{Cite journal|last=Gurung|first=Juddha Bahadur|date=2013-08-25|title=Rapid Cultural Change: A Case Study of Polyandry Marriage System among the Gurung Community from Upper Mustang, Nepal|journal=Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology|volume=6|pages=75–106|doi=10.3126/dsaj.v6i0.8480|issn=1994-2672|doi-access=free}}
References
{{reflist|2}}
External links
- [http://www.un.org.np/maps/district-constituency-maps/eastern/Sankhuwasabha.pdf UN map of the municipalities of Sankhuwasabha District]
{{Sankhuwasabha District}}
{{China–Nepal border crossings}}
Category:Populated places in Sankhuwasabha District
Category:China–Nepal border crossings
{{Sankhuwasabha-geo-stub}}