Kimmeridge Clay

{{Infobox rockunit

| name = Kimmeridge Clay

| image = Beach and cliffs, Egmont Bight - geograph.org.uk - 900296.jpg

| caption = Grey cliffs of Upper Kimmeridge Clay above the beach at Egmont Bight

| type = Geological formation

| age = {{fossil range|Kimmeridgian|Berriasian}}

| period = Late Jurassic

| prilithology = Mudstone

| otherlithology = Siltstone, Sandstone, Conglomerate

| namedfor = Kimmeridge Bay

| location_ts = Type section - North Sea well 47/15- 1 at 885-919 m depth

Type area - coastal outcrops from Black Head, Weymouth to Chapman's Pool

| namedby =

| region = England (surface)
North Sea (subsurface)

| country = United Kingdom

| coordinates =

| unitof = Ancholme Group (onshore), Humber Group (offshore)

| subunits = Birch Sandstone Member
Burns Sandstone Member
Claymore Sandstone Member
Dirk Sandstone Member
Magnus Sandstone Member
Ptarmigan Sandstone Member
Ribble Sandstone Member

| underlies = Portland Sand Formation, Speeton Clay Formation, Spilsby Sandstone

| overlies = Ampthill Clay, Corallian Group

| thickness =

| extent =

| area =

| map =

| map_caption =

}}

The Kimmeridge Clay is a sedimentary deposit of fossiliferous marine clay which is of Late Jurassic to lowermost Cretaceous age and occurs in southern and eastern England and in the North Sea. This rock formation is the major source rock for North Sea oil. The fossil fauna of the Kimmeridge Clay includes turtles, crocodiles, sauropods, plesiosaurs, pliosaurs and ichthyosaurs, as well as a number of invertebrate species.

Description

Kimmeridge Clay is named after the village of Kimmeridge on the Dorset coast of England, where it is well exposed and forms part of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site. Onshore, it is of Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) age and outcrops across England, in a band stretching from Dorset in the south-west, north-east to North Yorkshire. Offshore, it extends into the Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian Stage) and it is found throughout the Southern, Central and Northern North Sea.{{Cite web |url=https://www.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=KC |title=Kimmeridge Clay Formation |last=British Geological Survey |author-link=British Geological Survey |website=BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units |access-date=2 November 2018}}

The foundations of the Humber Bridge on the southern (Barton) side of the bridge are on Kimmeridge Clay beneath superficial deposits, under the Humber estuary.{{NHLE |num=1447321 |desc=The Humber Bridge |access-date=2 November 2018}}

Economic importance

Kimmeridge Clay is of great economic importance,{{Cite journal |last=Gallois R.W. |year=2004 |title=The Kimmeridge Clay: the most intensively studied formation in Britain |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277850785 |journal=Open University Geological Journal |volume=25 |issue=2}} being the major source rock for oil fields in the North Sea hydrocarbon province.{{Cite web |url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/2204/c/pdf/B2204C.pdf |title=Kimmeridgian Shales Total Petroleum System of the North Sea Graben Province |last=Gautier D.L. |year=2005 |publisher=United States Geological Survey |access-date=2 November 2018}} It has distinctive physical properties and log responses.{{Cite book |title=Key Issues in Petroleum Geology: Stratigraphy |last1=Penn I.M. |last2=Cox B.M. |last3=Gallois R.W. |publisher=Geological Society, London |isbn=978-1-86239-237-3 |editor-last=Gregory F.J. |date=2007 |pages=34–35 |chapter=Towards precision in stratigraphy: geophysical log correlation |editor-last2=Copestake P. |editor-last3=Pearce J.M. |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2DHrksn3AUcC&q=geophysical+log+responses+Kimmeridge+Clay&pg=PA20}}

Vertebrate fauna

Fauna uncovered from the Kimmeridge Clay include:Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Jurassic, Europe)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 545–549. {{ISBN|0-520-24209-2}}.

=Ray-finned fish=

class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:100%;"
colspan="7" style="text-align:center;"\|Ray-finned fishes of the Kimmeridge clay Formation
Genus ! Species ! Location ! Stratigraphic Position ! Abundance ! Notes ! Images
ThrissopsEtches, S, Clarke, J. (2010). Life in Jurassic seas. Dorset, Dorchester: Epic Creative Print.{{cite web \|url=https://database.theetchescollection.org/collections \|title= The Collection Database\|website=www.theetchescollection.org \|access-date=2017-10-31}} \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| Most common Kimmeridge clay fish, known from several complete specimens \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \| File:Thrissops KC.jpg
Pachythrissops \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Allothrissops \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Chondrostei \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| One specimen, a fin \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Lepidotes \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Gyrodus \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Caturus \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \| File:Caturus furcatus 337.jpg
Aspidorhynchus \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Hypsocormus \| H.tenuirostris \| Dorset \| \| Rare \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Pachycormus \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| Rare \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Eurycormus \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| Rare, one complete specimen \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Leptolepidae \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| Fairly common, multiple near complete specimens. \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|

class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:100%;"

colspan="7" style="text-align:center;"|Ray-finned fishes of the Kimmeridge clay Formation

Genus

! Species

! Location

! Stratigraphic Position

! Abundance

! Notes

! Images

ThrissopsEtches, S, Clarke, J. (2010). Life in Jurassic seas. Dorset, Dorchester: Epic Creative Print.{{cite web |url=https://database.theetchescollection.org/collections |title= The Collection Database|website=www.theetchescollection.org |access-date=2017-10-31}}

Indeterminate

Dorset

Most common Kimmeridge clay fish, known from several complete specimens

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

File:Thrissops KC.jpg

Pachythrissops

Indeterminate

Dorset

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Allothrissops

Indeterminate

Dorset

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Chondrostei

Indeterminate

Dorset

One specimen, a fin

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Lepidotes

Indeterminate

Dorset

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Gyrodus

Indeterminate

Dorset

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Caturus

Indeterminate

Dorset

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

File:Caturus furcatus 337.jpg

Aspidorhynchus

Indeterminate

Dorset

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Hypsocormus

H.tenuirostris

Dorset

Rare

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Pachycormus

Indeterminate

Dorset

Rare

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Eurycormus

Indeterminate

Dorset

Rare, one complete specimen

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Leptolepidae

Indeterminate

Dorset

Fairly common, multiple near complete specimens.

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

=Lobe-finned fish=

class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:100%;"
colspan="7" style="text-align:center;"\|Lobe-finned fishes of the Kimmeridge clay Formation
Genus ! Species ! Location ! Stratigraphic Position ! Abundance ! Notes ! Images
Holophagus \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| One specimen, cranial material \| Coelacanth. Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches. More than 2 metres long \|

class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:100%;"

colspan="7" style="text-align:center;"|Lobe-finned fishes of the Kimmeridge clay Formation

Genus

! Species

! Location

! Stratigraphic Position

! Abundance

! Notes

! Images

Holophagus

Indeterminate

Dorset

One specimen, cranial material

Coelacanth. Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches. More than 2 metres long

=Cartilaginous fish=

class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:100%;"
colspan="7" style="text-align:center;"\|Cartilaginous fishes of the Kimmeridge clay Formation
Genus ! Species ! Location ! Stratigraphic Position ! Abundance ! Notes ! Images
Asteracanthus \| Indeterminate \| rowspan="7" \| Dorset \| \| Known from many dorsal spines \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Chimaera \| Indeterminate \| \| Known from many dorsal spines \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Hybodus \| Indeterminate \| \| Known from many dorsal spines, perhaps a complete head \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Ischyodus \| Indeterminate \| \| One specimen \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Rhinobatidae \| Indeterminate \| \| Known from a complete specimen, and other isolated remains \| Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \|
Kimmerobatis{{Cite journal\|last1=Underwood\|first1=Charlie J.\|last2=Claeson\|first2=Kerin M.\|date=June 2019\|title=The Late Jurassic ray Kimmerobatis etchesi gen. et sp. nov. and the Jurassic radiation of the Batoidea\|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016787817300949\|journal=Proceedings of the Geologists' Association\|language=en\|volume=130\|issue=3–4\|pages=345–354\|doi=10.1016/j.pgeola.2017.06.009\|bibcode=2019PrGA..130..345U \|s2cid=90691006 }} \| K. etchesi \| Encombe (holotype) and Rope Lake Head (paratype) \| Known from two partial skeletons \| A spathobatid ray; housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches \| frameless
Durnonovariaodus {{Cite journal\|last1=Stumpf\|first1=Sebastian\|last2=Etches\|first2=Steve\|last3=Underwood\|first3=Charlie J.\|last4=Kriwet\|first4=Jürgen\|date=2021-05-11\|title=Durnonovariaodus maiseyi gen. et sp. nov., a new hybodontiform shark-like chondrichthyan from the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation of England\|journal=PeerJ\|language=en\|volume=9\|pages=e11362\|doi=10.7717/peerj.11362\|pmid=34026354\|issn=2167-8359\|pmc=8121075 \|doi-access=free }} \|D. maiseyi \|Pectinatites pectinatus ammonite zone \|One partial skeleton \|A hybodontid \|

class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:100%;"

colspan="7" style="text-align:center;"|Cartilaginous fishes of the Kimmeridge clay Formation

Genus

! Species

! Location

! Stratigraphic Position

! Abundance

! Notes

! Images

Asteracanthus

Indeterminate

| rowspan="7" |

Dorset

Known from many dorsal spines

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Chimaera

Indeterminate

Known from many dorsal spines

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Hybodus

Indeterminate

Known from many dorsal spines, perhaps a complete head

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Ischyodus

Indeterminate

One specimen

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Rhinobatidae

Indeterminate

Known from a complete specimen, and other isolated remains

Housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

Kimmerobatis{{Cite journal|last1=Underwood|first1=Charlie J.|last2=Claeson|first2=Kerin M.|date=June 2019|title=The Late Jurassic ray Kimmerobatis etchesi gen. et sp. nov. and the Jurassic radiation of the Batoidea|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016787817300949|journal=Proceedings of the Geologists' Association|language=en|volume=130|issue=3–4|pages=345–354|doi=10.1016/j.pgeola.2017.06.009|bibcode=2019PrGA..130..345U |s2cid=90691006 }}

K. etchesi

Encombe (holotype) and Rope Lake Head (paratype)

Known from two partial skeletons

A spathobatid ray; housed at the Etches Collection, discovered by Steve Etches

frameless

Durnonovariaodus {{Cite journal|last1=Stumpf|first1=Sebastian|last2=Etches|first2=Steve|last3=Underwood|first3=Charlie J.|last4=Kriwet|first4=Jürgen|date=2021-05-11|title=Durnonovariaodus maiseyi gen. et sp. nov., a new hybodontiform shark-like chondrichthyan from the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation of England|journal=PeerJ|language=en|volume=9|pages=e11362|doi=10.7717/peerj.11362|pmid=34026354|issn=2167-8359|pmc=8121075 |doi-access=free }}

|D. maiseyi

|Pectinatites pectinatus ammonite zone

|One partial skeleton

|A hybodontid

= Turtles =

class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:100%;"
colspan="7" style="text-align:center;" \|Turtles of the Kimmeridge clay Formation
Genus ! Species ! Location ! Stratigraphic Position ! Abundance ! Notes ! Images
Craspedochelys \|C. passmorei \|Swindon \| \|"NHMUK R5871 (holotype), subcomplete shell with associated postcranial remains, including parts of the girdles, the left humerus, and partial cervical vertebrae"{{Cite journal\|last1=Anquetin\|first1=Jérémy\|last2=Püntener\|first2=Christian\|last3=Joyce\|first3=Walter G.\|date=October 2017\|title=A Review of the Fossil Record of Turtles of the Clade Thalassochelydia\|url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.3374/014.058.0205\|journal=Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History\|language=en\|volume=58\|issue=2\|pages=317–369\|doi=10.3374/014.058.0205\|s2cid=31091127\|issn=0079-032X}} \|Thalassochelydian sea turtle \|
Achelonia \|A. formosa \|Ely, Cambridgeshire \| \|"CAMSM J29898 to CAMSM J29955 (holotype), a partial, disarticulated skeleton" \|Thalassochelydian sea turtle, formerly considered the distinct species "Enaliochelys chelonia"{{Cite journal\|last1=Joyce\|first1=Walter G.\|last2=Mäuser\|first2=Matthias\|date=2020-06-03\|title=New material of named fossil turtles from the Late Jurassic (late Kimmeridgian) of Wattendorf, Germany\|journal=PLOS ONE\|language=en\|volume=15\|issue=6\|pages=e0233483\|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0233483\|issn=1932-6203\|pmc=7269257\|pmid=32492031\|bibcode=2020PLoSO..1533483J\|doi-access=free}} \|
Pelobatochelys \|P. blakii \|Weymouth \| \|Carapace fragments \|Thalassochelydian sea turtle \|
Plesiochelys{{Cite journal\|last1=Anquetin\|first1=Jérémy\|last2=Chapman\|first2=Sandra D.\|title=First report of Plesiochelys etalloni and Tropidemys langii from the Late Jurassic of the UK and the palaeobiogeography of plesiochelyid turtles\|journal=Royal Society Open Science\|year=2016\|volume=3\|issue=1\|page=150470\|doi=10.1098/rsos.150470\|pmc=4736927\|pmid=26909172\|bibcode=2016RSOS....350470A}} \|P. etalloni \| \| \|"basicranium with partial otic chambers and fragment of the right maxilla" \|Thalassochelydian sea turtle \|
Thalassemys \|T. bruntrutana, T. hugii \|Isle of Purbeck (bruntrutana), Abingdon, Oxfordshire (hugii) \| \|"A partial carapace and associated limb and girdle elements (NHMUK R8699)" (Purbeck) "A large shell (OUMNH J.66966)" (Oxfordshire) \|Thalassochelydian sea turtle \|
Tropidemys \|P. langii \|Weymouth \| \|"NHMUK OR44178b, an isolated neural; NHMUK OR45920, right costals 1–3; NHMUK OR45921, a left first costal; NHMUK R2733, a left fourth costal" \|Thalassochelydian sea turtle \|

class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:100%;"

colspan="7" style="text-align:center;" |Turtles of the Kimmeridge clay Formation

Genus

! Species

! Location

! Stratigraphic Position

! Abundance

! Notes

! Images

Craspedochelys

|C. passmorei

|Swindon

|"NHMUK R5871 (holotype), subcomplete shell with associated postcranial remains, including parts of the girdles, the left humerus, and partial cervical vertebrae"{{Cite journal|last1=Anquetin|first1=Jérémy|last2=Püntener|first2=Christian|last3=Joyce|first3=Walter G.|date=October 2017|title=A Review of the Fossil Record of Turtles of the Clade Thalassochelydia|url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.3374/014.058.0205|journal=Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History|language=en|volume=58|issue=2|pages=317–369|doi=10.3374/014.058.0205|s2cid=31091127|issn=0079-032X}}

|Thalassochelydian sea turtle

Achelonia

|A. formosa

|Ely, Cambridgeshire

|"CAMSM J29898 to CAMSM J29955 (holotype), a partial, disarticulated skeleton"

|Thalassochelydian sea turtle, formerly considered the distinct species "Enaliochelys chelonia"{{Cite journal|last1=Joyce|first1=Walter G.|last2=Mäuser|first2=Matthias|date=2020-06-03|title=New material of named fossil turtles from the Late Jurassic (late Kimmeridgian) of Wattendorf, Germany|journal=PLOS ONE|language=en|volume=15|issue=6|pages=e0233483|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0233483|issn=1932-6203|pmc=7269257|pmid=32492031|bibcode=2020PLoSO..1533483J|doi-access=free}}

Pelobatochelys

|P. blakii

|Weymouth

|Carapace fragments

|Thalassochelydian sea turtle

Plesiochelys{{Cite journal|last1=Anquetin|first1=Jérémy|last2=Chapman|first2=Sandra D.|title=First report of Plesiochelys etalloni and Tropidemys langii from the Late Jurassic of the UK and the palaeobiogeography of plesiochelyid turtles|journal=Royal Society Open Science|year=2016|volume=3|issue=1|page=150470|doi=10.1098/rsos.150470|pmc=4736927|pmid=26909172|bibcode=2016RSOS....350470A}}

|P. etalloni

|"basicranium with partial otic chambers and fragment of the right maxilla"

|Thalassochelydian sea turtle

Thalassemys

|T. bruntrutana, T. hugii

|Isle of Purbeck (bruntrutana), Abingdon, Oxfordshire (hugii)

|"A partial carapace and associated limb and girdle elements (NHMUK R8699)" (Purbeck) "A large shell (OUMNH J.66966)" (Oxfordshire)

|Thalassochelydian sea turtle

Tropidemys

|P. langii

|Weymouth

|"NHMUK OR44178b, an isolated neural; NHMUK OR45920, right costals 1–3; NHMUK OR45921, a left first costal; NHMUK R2733, a left fourth costal"

|Thalassochelydian sea turtle

= Archosaurs =

== Thalattosuchians ==

class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
Genus ! Species ! Location ! Member ! Abundance ! Notes ! Images
Bathysuchus \| B. megarhinus \| \| \| \| A pelagic teleosaurid.{{cite journal \|last1=Foffa \|first1=D. \|last2=Johnson \|first2=M.M. \|last3=Young\|first3=M.T. \|last4=Steel \|first4=L. \|last5=Brusatte \|first5=S.L. \|date=2019 \|title=Revision of the Late Jurassic deep-water teleosauroid crocodylomorph Teleosaurus megarhinus Hulke, 1871 and evidence of pelagic adaptations in Teleosauroidea. \|journal=PeerJ \|volume=7 \|pages=e6646 \|doi=10.7717/peerj.6646\|pmid=30972249 \|pmc=6450380 \|doi-access=free }} \| rowspan="99" \|File:Enaliosuchus BW.jpg]] File:Dakosaurus, Cricosaurus, and ichthyosaurs by durbed.jpg]] File:Plesiosuchus restoration.png]] File:Torvoneustes carpenteri.jpg]]
Cricosaurus \| C. gracilis \| \| \| \| A metriorhynchine metriorhynchid
Dakosaurus \| D. maximus \| \| \| \| A geosaurine metriorhynchid
Metriorhynchus \| M. brevirostris \| \| \| \| A metriorhynchine metriorhynchid
Plesiosuchus \| P. manseli \| \| \| \| A geosaurine metriorhynchid
rowspan="2" \| Torvoneustes{{cite journal \|last=Wilkinson \|first=L.E. \|author2=Young, M.T. \|author3= Benton, M.J. \|year=2008 \|title=A new metriorhynchid crocodilian (Mesoeucrocodylia: Thalattosuchia) from the Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) of Wiltshire, UK \|journal=Palaeontology \|volume=51 \|issue=6 \|pages=1307–1333 \|doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2008.00818.x\|bibcode=2008Palgy..51.1307W \|doi-access=free }}{{cite journal \|last=Andrade \|first=M.B.D. \|author2=Young, M.T. \|author3=Desojo, J.B. \|author4= Brusatte, S.L. \|year=2010 \|title=The evolution of extreme hypercarnivory in Metriorhynchidae (Mesoeucrocodylia: Thalattosuchia) based on evidence from microscopic denticle morphology \|journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology \|volume=30 \|issue=5 \|pages=1451–1465 \|doi=10.1080/02724634.2010.501442\|bibcode=2010JVPal..30.1451D \|hdl=11336/69039 \|s2cid=83985855 \|hdl-access=free }} \| T. carpenteri \| \| \| \| A geosaurine metriorhynchid
T. coryphaeus{{cite journal \|author1=Mark T. Young \|author2=Marco Brandalise De Andrade \|author3=Steve Etches \|author4=Brian L. Beatty \|year=2013 \|title=A new metriorhynchid crocodylomorph from the Lower Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Late Jurassic) of England, with implications for the evolution of dermatocranium ornamentation in Geosaurini \|journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society \|volume=169 \|issue=4 \|pages=820–848 \|doi=10.1111/zoj.12082 }} \| \| \| \| A geosaurine metriorhynchid

class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"

Genus

! Species

! Location

! Member

! Abundance

! Notes

! Images

Bathysuchus

B. megarhinus

A pelagic teleosaurid.{{cite journal |last1=Foffa |first1=D. |last2=Johnson |first2=M.M. |last3=Young|first3=M.T. |last4=Steel |first4=L. |last5=Brusatte |first5=S.L. |date=2019 |title=Revision of the Late Jurassic deep-water teleosauroid crocodylomorph Teleosaurus megarhinus Hulke, 1871 and evidence of pelagic adaptations in Teleosauroidea. |journal=PeerJ |volume=7 |pages=e6646 |doi=10.7717/peerj.6646|pmid=30972249 |pmc=6450380 |doi-access=free }}

| rowspan="99" |File:Enaliosuchus BW.jpg]]

File:Dakosaurus, Cricosaurus, and ichthyosaurs by durbed.jpg]]

File:Plesiosuchus restoration.png]]

File:Torvoneustes carpenteri.jpg]]

Cricosaurus

C. gracilis

A metriorhynchine metriorhynchid

Dakosaurus

D. maximus

A geosaurine metriorhynchid

Metriorhynchus

M. brevirostris

A metriorhynchine metriorhynchid

Plesiosuchus

P. manseli

A geosaurine metriorhynchid

rowspan="2" |

Torvoneustes{{cite journal |last=Wilkinson |first=L.E. |author2=Young, M.T. |author3= Benton, M.J. |year=2008 |title=A new metriorhynchid crocodilian (Mesoeucrocodylia: Thalattosuchia) from the Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) of Wiltshire, UK |journal=Palaeontology |volume=51 |issue=6 |pages=1307–1333 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2008.00818.x|bibcode=2008Palgy..51.1307W |doi-access=free }}{{cite journal |last=Andrade |first=M.B.D. |author2=Young, M.T. |author3=Desojo, J.B. |author4= Brusatte, S.L. |year=2010 |title=The evolution of extreme hypercarnivory in Metriorhynchidae (Mesoeucrocodylia: Thalattosuchia) based on evidence from microscopic denticle morphology |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=30 |issue=5 |pages=1451–1465 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2010.501442|bibcode=2010JVPal..30.1451D |hdl=11336/69039 |s2cid=83985855 |hdl-access=free }}

T. carpenteri

A geosaurine metriorhynchid

T. coryphaeus{{cite journal |author1=Mark T. Young |author2=Marco Brandalise De Andrade |author3=Steve Etches |author4=Brian L. Beatty |year=2013 |title=A new metriorhynchid crocodylomorph from the Lower Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Late Jurassic) of England, with implications for the evolution of dermatocranium ornamentation in Geosaurini |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=169 |issue=4 |pages=820–848 |doi=10.1111/zoj.12082 }}

A geosaurine metriorhynchid

== Ornithischians ==

Indeterminate ankylosaur osteoderms have been found in Wiltshire, England.{{cite book |last1=Martill |first1=D.M. |last2=Naish |first2=D. |last3=Earland |first3=S. |year=2006 |chapter=Dinosaurs in marine strata: evidence from the British Jurassic, including a review of the allochthonous vertebrate assemblage from the marine Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Great Britain. |title=Colectivo Arqueológico y Paleontológico Salense |edition=Actas de las III Jornadas Internacionales sobre Paleontología de Dinosaurios y su Entorno, 16–17 Sep. 2004. Salas de los Infantes, Burgos, España |pages=47–84 |url=https://darrennaish.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/martill-et-al-2006-dinosaurs-in-marine-strata-and-review-kimmeridge-clay-formation-dinosaurs-from-uk.pdf}} Indeterminate stegosaurid remains have been found in Dorset and Wiltshire, England.

class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
Genus ! Species ! Location ! Member ! Abundance ! Notes ! Images
Cumnoria \| C. prestwichii \| Oxfordshire \| \| "Fragmentary skull and skeleton.""Table 19.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 415. \|Iguanodontian \| rowspan="99" \|File:Cumnoria NT.jpg]]File:Dacentrurus armatus.png]]
Dacentrurus \| D. armatus \| Cambridgeshire Dorset Wiltshire \| \|vertebrae, a massive right femur (thigh bone), ribs and a near complete pelvis. \| Stegosaur. Wiltshire remains include specimens previously referred to Omosaurus armatus and O. hastiger.
Ornithopoda \| Indeterminate \| Dorset? \| \| \| Kimmeridge clay remains considered to represent a possible close relative of Bugenasaura{{cite journal \|last=Galton \|first=Peter M. \|author-link=Peter Galton \|year=1999 \|title=Cranial anatomy of the hypsilophodont dinosaur Bugenasaura infernalis (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of North America \|journal=Revue Paléobiologie, Genève \|volume=18 \|issue=2 \|pages=517–534 }} are now regarded as the remains of an indeterminate euornithopod.(The specimen may have had its locality and horizon mislabelled.)
rowspan="2" style="background:#fbdddb;" \| Omosaurus \|style="background:#fbdddb;" \| O.armatus \|style="background:#fbdddb;" \| Wiltshire \|style="background:#fbdddb;" \| \|style="background:#fbdddb;" \|Reclassified as Dacentrurus armatus because the generic name Omosaurus was preoccupied.
style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| O. hastiger \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| Wiltshire \| \| \|

class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"

Genus

! Species

! Location

! Member

! Abundance

! Notes

! Images

Cumnoria

C. prestwichii

Oxfordshire

"Fragmentary skull and skeleton.""Table 19.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 415.

|Iguanodontian

| rowspan="99" |File:Cumnoria NT.jpg]]File:Dacentrurus armatus.png]]

Dacentrurus

D. armatus

Cambridgeshire
Dorset
Wiltshire

|vertebrae, a massive right femur (thigh bone), ribs and a near complete pelvis.

Stegosaur. Wiltshire remains include specimens previously referred to Omosaurus armatus and O. hastiger.

Ornithopoda

Indeterminate

Dorset?

Kimmeridge clay remains considered to represent a possible close relative of Bugenasaura{{cite journal |last=Galton |first=Peter M. |author-link=Peter Galton |year=1999 |title=Cranial anatomy of the hypsilophodont dinosaur Bugenasaura infernalis (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of North America |journal=Revue Paléobiologie, Genève |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=517–534 }} are now regarded as the remains of an indeterminate euornithopod.(The specimen may have had its locality and horizon mislabelled.)

rowspan="2" style="background:#fbdddb;" |

Omosaurus

|style="background:#fbdddb;" |

O.armatus

|style="background:#fbdddb;" |

Wiltshire

|style="background:#fbdddb;" |

|style="background:#fbdddb;" |Reclassified as Dacentrurus armatus because the generic name Omosaurus was preoccupied.

style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

O. hastiger

| style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

Wiltshire

== Saurischians ==

Indeterminate ornithomimmid remains have been found in Dorset, England. An undescribed theropod genus was found in Dorset.

class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
Genus ! Species ! Location ! Stratigraphic position ! Material ! Notes ! Images
Bothriospondylus \| B. suffosus \| Wiltshire \| \| "[Seven] dorsal and sacral centra.""Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 270. \|Considered a nomen dubium. \| rowspan="101" \| File:Juratyrant signed.jpg]]
rowspan="2" style="background:#f3e9f3;" \| Cetiosaurus \|style="background:#fbdddb;" \| C. humerocristatus \|style="background:#fbdddb;" \| Dorset \|style="background:#fbdddb;" \| \|style="background:#fbdddb;" \| \|style="background:#fbdddb;" \| Now Duriatitan.{{Cite journal\|author1=Paul M. Barrett \|author2=Roger B.J. Benson \|author3=Paul Upchurch \|year=2010 \|title=Dinosaurs of Dorset: Part II, the sauropod dinosaurs (Saurischia, Sauropoda) with additional comments on the theropods \|journal=Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society \|volume=131 \|pages=113–126}}
style="background:#f3e9f3;" \| Indeterminate \|style="background:#f3e9f3;" \| Oxfordshire \|style="background:#f3e9f3;" \| \|style="background:#f3e9f3;" \| \|style="background:#f3e9f3;" \| Remains previously referred to an indeterminate species of Cetiosaurus are now regarded as indeterminate sauropod material.
Duriatitan \| D. humerocristatus \| Dorset \| \| Humerus"Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 267. \| A titanosauriform
style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| Gigantosaurus \|style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| G. megalonyx \|style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| Cambridgeshire \|style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| \|style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| \|style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| Remains previously referred to Gigantosaurus megalonyx are now regarded as indeterminate sauropod material.
"Ischyrosaurus" \| I. manseli \| Oxfordshire \| \| "Humerus.""Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 271. \| Remains previously referred to Ischyrosaurus manseli are now regarded as indeterminate sauropod material.
Juratyrant{{cite journal \| last1 = Benson \| first1 = R.B.J. \| year = 2008 \| title = New information on Stokesosaurus, a tyrannosauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from North America and the United Kingdom \| journal = Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology \| volume = 28 \| issue = 3\| pages = 732–750 \| doi = 10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[732:NIOSAT]2.0.CO;2 \| s2cid = 129921557 }}{{cite journal \| last1 = Brusatte \| first1 = S.L. \| last2 = Benson \| first2 = R.B.J. \| year = 2013 \| title = The systematics of Late Jurassic tyrannosauroids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Europe and North America \| journal = Acta Palaeontologica Polonica \| volume = 58 \| issue = 1\| pages = 47–54 \| doi = 10.4202/app.2011.0141 \| doi-access = free \| hdl = 20.500.11820/31f38145-54e7-48f8-819a-262601e93f2b \| hdl-access = free }} \| J. langhami \| Dorset \| \| Partial skeleton \| A primitive tyrannosaur
Torvosaurus{{Cite journal\|last1=Carrano\|first1=Matthew T.\|last2=Benson\|first2=Roger B. J.\|last3=Sampson\|first3=Scott D.\|date=June 2012\|title=The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda)\|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14772019.2011.630927\|journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology\|language=en\|volume=10\|issue=2\|pages=211–300\|doi=10.1080/14772019.2011.630927\|bibcode=2012JSPal..10..211C \|s2cid=85354215\|issn=1477-2019\|url-access=subscription}} \|Indeterminate \| Swindon, Dorset \| \|Tibia (OUMNH J.29886) and maxilla fragment, collected separately \|A megalosaurid
rowspan="1" \| Theropoda \| Indeterminate \| Wiltshire Dorset \| \|A tooth from Foxhangers, Wiltshire (NHMUK 46388), phalanges from an unspecified locality in Wiltshire (DZSWS 3009), and a proximal caudal vertebra from Shotover, Oxfordshire (OUMNH J.47134). \| Remains previously referred to Megalosaurus are now regarded as indeterminate theropod material.
rowspan="1" \| Sauropoda \| Indeterminate \| Oxfordshire Cambridgeshire Norfolk \| \| \| Remains previously attributed to one or more indeterminate species of Ornithopsis (incl. O. leedsii) are now regarded as possible indeterminate sauropod material.

class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"

Genus

! Species

! Location

! Stratigraphic position

! Material

! Notes

! Images

Bothriospondylus

B. suffosus

Wiltshire

"[Seven] dorsal and sacral centra.""Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 270.

|Considered a nomen dubium.

| rowspan="101" |

File:Juratyrant signed.jpg]]

rowspan="2" style="background:#f3e9f3;" |

Cetiosaurus

|style="background:#fbdddb;" |

C. humerocristatus

|style="background:#fbdddb;" |

Dorset

|style="background:#fbdddb;" |

Now Duriatitan.{{Cite journal|author1=Paul M. Barrett |author2=Roger B.J. Benson |author3=Paul Upchurch |year=2010 |title=Dinosaurs of Dorset: Part II, the sauropod dinosaurs (Saurischia, Sauropoda) with additional comments on the theropods |journal=Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society |volume=131 |pages=113–126}}

style="background:#f3e9f3;" |

Indeterminate

|style="background:#f3e9f3;" |

Oxfordshire

|style="background:#f3e9f3;" |

Remains previously referred to an indeterminate species of Cetiosaurus are now regarded as indeterminate sauropod material.

Duriatitan

D. humerocristatus

Dorset

Humerus"Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 267.

A titanosauriform

style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

Gigantosaurus

|style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

G. megalonyx

|style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

Cambridgeshire

|style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

Remains previously referred to Gigantosaurus megalonyx are now regarded as indeterminate sauropod material.

"Ischyrosaurus"

I. manseli

Oxfordshire

"Humerus.""Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 271.

Remains previously referred to Ischyrosaurus manseli are now regarded as indeterminate sauropod material.

Juratyrant{{cite journal | last1 = Benson | first1 = R.B.J. | year = 2008 | title = New information on Stokesosaurus, a tyrannosauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from North America and the United Kingdom | journal = Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology | volume = 28 | issue = 3| pages = 732–750 | doi = 10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[732:NIOSAT]2.0.CO;2 | s2cid = 129921557 }}{{cite journal | last1 = Brusatte | first1 = S.L. | last2 = Benson | first2 = R.B.J. | year = 2013 | title = The systematics of Late Jurassic tyrannosauroids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Europe and North America | journal = Acta Palaeontologica Polonica | volume = 58 | issue = 1| pages = 47–54 | doi = 10.4202/app.2011.0141 | doi-access = free | hdl = 20.500.11820/31f38145-54e7-48f8-819a-262601e93f2b | hdl-access = free }}

J. langhami

Dorset

Partial skeleton

A primitive tyrannosaur

Torvosaurus{{Cite journal|last1=Carrano|first1=Matthew T.|last2=Benson|first2=Roger B. J.|last3=Sampson|first3=Scott D.|date=June 2012|title=The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda)|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14772019.2011.630927|journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology|language=en|volume=10|issue=2|pages=211–300|doi=10.1080/14772019.2011.630927|bibcode=2012JSPal..10..211C |s2cid=85354215|issn=1477-2019|url-access=subscription}}

|Indeterminate

Swindon, Dorset

|Tibia (OUMNH J.29886) and maxilla fragment, collected separately

|A megalosaurid

rowspan="1" |

Theropoda

Indeterminate

Wiltshire
Dorset

|A tooth from Foxhangers, Wiltshire (NHMUK 46388), phalanges from an unspecified locality in Wiltshire (DZSWS 3009), and a proximal caudal vertebra from Shotover, Oxfordshire (OUMNH J.47134).

Remains previously referred to Megalosaurus are now regarded as indeterminate theropod material.

rowspan="1" |

Sauropoda

Indeterminate

Oxfordshire
Cambridgeshire
Norfolk

Remains previously attributed to one or more indeterminate species of Ornithopsis (incl. O. leedsii) are now regarded as possible indeterminate sauropod material.

== Pterosaurs ==

class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"

!Genus

!Species

!Location

!Material

!Notes

!Images

Cuspicephalus

| C. scarfi{{cite journal |last1=Martill |first1=David M. |last2=Etches |first2=Steve |date=2013 |title=A new monofenestratan pterosaur from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Kimmeridgian, Upper Jurassic) of Dorset, England |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=58 |issue=2 |pages=285–294 |doi=10.4202/app.2011.0071 |url=https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app58/app20110071.pdf}}

| Dorset

| Partial Skull

| Missing Crest, lower jaw and dentition

| rowspan="99" |

File:Cuspicephalus NT.jpg]]

File:Rhamphorhynchus DB.jpg]]

Germanodactylus

| indeterminate{{cite journal |last=Unwin |first=David M. |year=1988 |title=A new pterosaur from the Kimmeridge Clay of Kimmeridge, Dorset |journal=Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society |volume=109 |pages=150–153}}

| Charnel, Dorset

| May be a non-pterodactyloid monofenestratan instead

Rhamphorhynchus

| R. etchesi{{Cite journal|last1=O'Sullivan|first1=Michael|last2=Martill|first2=David M.|date=June 2015|title=Evidence for the presence of Rhamphorhynchus (Pterosauria: Rhamphorhynchinae) in the Kimmeridge Clay of the UK|journal=Proceedings of the Geologists' Association|language=en|volume=126|issue=3|pages=390–401|doi=10.1016/j.pgeola.2015.03.003|bibcode=2015PrGA..126..390O |url=https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/files/8204720/Evidence_for_the_presence_of_Rhamphorhynchus.pdf}}

| Encombe, Dorset

Ctenochasmatoidea

| indeterminate{{cite journal |last1=Etienne |first1=James L. |last2=Smith |first2=Roy E. |last3=Unwin |first3=David M. |last4=Smyth |first4=Robert S.H. |last5=Martill |first5=David M. |title=A 'giant' pterodactyloid pterosaur from the British Jurassic |journal=Proceedings of the Geologists' Association |date=May 2024 |volume=135 |issue=3 |pages=335–348 |doi=10.1016/j.pgeola.2024.05.002|doi-access=free |bibcode=2024PrGA..135..335E }}

| Abingdon, Oxfordshire

| Left first wing finger phalanx

= Plesiosaurs =

class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
Genus ! Species ! Location ! Member ! Abundance ! Notes ! Images
Bathyspondylus \| B. swindoniensis \| \| \| \| Plesiosaur of unknown affinities \| rowspan="99" \| File:Kimmerosaurus.png]] File:PliosaurusDB12.jpg]]
rowspan="2" \| Colymbosaurus \| C. megadeirus \| \| \| \| A cryptoclidid
style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| C. trochantericus \| \| \| \| Nomen dubium
Kimmerosaurus \| K. langhami \| \| \| \| A cryptoclidid
style="background:#f3e9f3;" \| Plesiosaurus \| "P." manseli \| \| \| \| Distinct from Colymbosaurus.{{cite journal \| last1 = Benson \| first1 = RBJ \| last2 = Bowdler \| first2 = T \| year = 2014 \| title = Anatomy of Colymbosaurus (Reptilia, Plesiosauria) from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of the U.K., and high diversity among Late Jurassic plesiosauroids \| journal = Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology \| volume = 34 \| issue = 5\| pages = 1053–1071 \| doi=10.1080/02724634.2014.850087\| s2cid = 85066808 }}
rowspan="9" \| Pliosaurus{{cite journal \|author=Roger B. J. Benson \|author2=Mark Evans \|author3=Adam S. Smith \|author4=Judyth Sassoon \|author5=Scott Moore-Faye \|author6=Hilary F. Ketchum \|author7=Richard Forrest \|year=2013 \|title=A Giant Pliosaurid Skull from the Late Jurassic of England \|journal=PLOS ONE \|volume=8 \|issue=5 \|pages=e65989 \|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0065989 \|pmid=23741520 \|pmc=3669260\|bibcode=2013PLoSO...865989B \|doi-access=free }}{{cite journal \|author=Espen M. Knutsen \|year=2012 \|title=A taxonomic revision of the genus Pliosaurus (Owen, 1841a) Owen, 1841b \|journal=Norwegian Journal of Geology \|volume=92 \|issue=2–3 \|pages=259–276 \|issn=0029-196X}} [http://geologi.imaker.no/data/f/0/21/02/2_2401_0/NJG_2_3_2012_14_Knutsen_Scr.pdf Low resolution pdf] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224110941/http://geologi.imaker.no/data/f/0/21/02/2_2401_0/NJG_2_3_2012_14_Knutsen_Scr.pdf \|date=2013-12-24 }} [http://geologi.imaker.no/data/f/0/21/02/1_2401_0/NJG_2_3_2012_14_Knutsen_Pr.pdf High resolution pdf] {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224094822/http://geologi.imaker.no/data/f/0/21/02/1_2401_0/NJG_2_3_2012_14_Knutsen_Pr.pdf \|date=2013-12-24 }} \| P. brachydeirus \| \| \| \| A thalassophonean pliosaurid
style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| P. brachyspondylus \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| Nomen dubium
P. carpenteri \| \| \| \| A thalassophonean pliosaurid
P. kevani \| \| \| \| A thalassophonean pliosaurid
style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| P. portentificus{{Cite journal \| last1 = Noè \| first1 = L. F. \| last2 = Smith \| first2 = D. T. J. \| last3 = Walton \| first3 = D. I. \| title = A new species of Kimmeridgian pliosaur (Reptilia; Sauropterygia) and its bearing on the nomenclature of Liopleurodon macromerus \| doi = 10.1016/S0016-7878(04)80031-2 \| journal = Proceedings of the Geologists' Association \| volume = 115 \| pages = 13–24 \| year = 2004 \| issue = 1 \| bibcode = 2004PrGA..115...13N }} \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| A nomen dubium
P. ?rossicus \| \| \| \| A thalassophonean pliosaurid; taxonomic identification of specimens tentative
P. westburyensis \| \| \| \| A thalassophonean pliosaurid
P. sp. 1 \| \| \| Partial skeleton, CAMSM J.35991 \| A thalassophonean pliosaurid; previously assigned to the nomen dubium P. brachyspondylus
P. sp. 2 \| \| \| Mandible, NHMUK PV OR 39362 \| A thalassophonean pliosaurid; previously assigned to the nomen dubium P. macromerus
Spitrasaurus \| Indeterminate \| \| \| \|

class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"

Genus

! Species

! Location

! Member

! Abundance

! Notes

! Images

Bathyspondylus

B. swindoniensis

Plesiosaur of unknown affinities

| rowspan="99" |

File:Kimmerosaurus.png]]

File:PliosaurusDB12.jpg]]

rowspan="2" |

Colymbosaurus

C. megadeirus

A cryptoclidid

style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

C. trochantericus

Nomen dubium

Kimmerosaurus

K. langhami

A cryptoclidid

style="background:#f3e9f3;" |

Plesiosaurus

"P." manseli

Distinct from Colymbosaurus.{{cite journal | last1 = Benson | first1 = RBJ | last2 = Bowdler | first2 = T | year = 2014 | title = Anatomy of Colymbosaurus (Reptilia, Plesiosauria) from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation of the U.K., and high diversity among Late Jurassic plesiosauroids | journal = Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology | volume = 34 | issue = 5| pages = 1053–1071 | doi=10.1080/02724634.2014.850087| s2cid = 85066808 }}

rowspan="9" |

Pliosaurus{{cite journal |author=Roger B. J. Benson |author2=Mark Evans |author3=Adam S. Smith |author4=Judyth Sassoon |author5=Scott Moore-Faye |author6=Hilary F. Ketchum |author7=Richard Forrest |year=2013 |title=A Giant Pliosaurid Skull from the Late Jurassic of England |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=8 |issue=5 |pages=e65989 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0065989 |pmid=23741520 |pmc=3669260|bibcode=2013PLoSO...865989B |doi-access=free }}{{cite journal |author=Espen M. Knutsen |year=2012 |title=A taxonomic revision of the genus Pliosaurus (Owen, 1841a) Owen, 1841b |journal=Norwegian Journal of Geology |volume=92 |issue=2–3 |pages=259–276 |issn=0029-196X}} [http://geologi.imaker.no/data/f/0/21/02/2_2401_0/NJG_2_3_2012_14_Knutsen_Scr.pdf Low resolution pdf] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224110941/http://geologi.imaker.no/data/f/0/21/02/2_2401_0/NJG_2_3_2012_14_Knutsen_Scr.pdf |date=2013-12-24 }} [http://geologi.imaker.no/data/f/0/21/02/1_2401_0/NJG_2_3_2012_14_Knutsen_Pr.pdf High resolution pdf] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224094822/http://geologi.imaker.no/data/f/0/21/02/1_2401_0/NJG_2_3_2012_14_Knutsen_Pr.pdf |date=2013-12-24 }}

P. brachydeirus

A thalassophonean pliosaurid

style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

P. brachyspondylus

| style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

Nomen dubium

P. carpenteri

A thalassophonean pliosaurid

P. kevani

A thalassophonean pliosaurid

style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

P. portentificus{{Cite journal | last1 = Noè | first1 = L. F. | last2 = Smith | first2 = D. T. J. | last3 = Walton | first3 = D. I. | title = A new species of Kimmeridgian pliosaur (Reptilia; Sauropterygia) and its bearing on the nomenclature of Liopleurodon macromerus | doi = 10.1016/S0016-7878(04)80031-2 | journal = Proceedings of the Geologists' Association | volume = 115 | pages = 13–24 | year = 2004 | issue = 1 | bibcode = 2004PrGA..115...13N }}

| style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

A nomen dubium

P. ?rossicus

A thalassophonean pliosaurid; taxonomic identification of specimens tentative

P. westburyensis

A thalassophonean pliosaurid

P. sp. 1

Partial skeleton, CAMSM J.35991

A thalassophonean pliosaurid; previously assigned to the nomen dubium P. brachyspondylus

P. sp. 2

Mandible, NHMUK PV OR 39362

A thalassophonean pliosaurid; previously assigned to the nomen dubium P. macromerus

Spitrasaurus

Indeterminate

=Ichthyosaurs=

class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:100%;"
Genus ! Species ! Location ! Stratigraphic Position ! Abundance ! Notes ! Images
Brachypterygius \| B.extremus \| Dorset \| \| \| \| rowspan="99" \| File:Brachypterygius NT small.jpg]] File:Otshevia2DB.jpg]] File:Yasikovia2.jpg]] File:Thalassodraco_holotype.jpg]] File:Ophthalmosaurus BW.jpg]]
Grendelius \| G.mordax \| Dorset \| \| \|
Ichthyosauridae \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| \| Giant, near complete specimen. Proposed to have been 6 metres long when complete. Housed at the Etches Collection in Dorset.
style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| Macropterygius \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| M.trigonus \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| Dorset \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| \| style="background:#E6E6E6;" \| Nomen dubium - classified by a single vertebra
Nannopterygius \| N.enthekiodon \| Dorset \| \| \|
Thalassodraco \| T. etchesi \| Dorset \| The Pectinatites pectinatus ammonite zone \| \|
Ophthalmosaurus \| Indeterminate \| Dorset \| \| \|

class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:100%;"

Genus

! Species

! Location

! Stratigraphic Position

! Abundance

! Notes

! Images

Brachypterygius

B.extremus

Dorset

| rowspan="99" | File:Brachypterygius NT small.jpg]]

File:Otshevia2DB.jpg]]

File:Yasikovia2.jpg]]

File:Thalassodraco_holotype.jpg]]

File:Ophthalmosaurus BW.jpg]]

Grendelius

G.mordax

Dorset

Ichthyosauridae

Indeterminate

Dorset

Giant, near complete specimen. Proposed to have been 6 metres long when complete. Housed at the Etches Collection in Dorset.

style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

Macropterygius

| style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

M.trigonus

| style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

Dorset

| style="background:#E6E6E6;" |

Nomen dubium - classified by a single vertebra

Nannopterygius

N.enthekiodon

Dorset

Thalassodraco

T. etchesi

Dorset

The Pectinatites pectinatus ammonite zone

Ophthalmosaurus

Indeterminate

Dorset

Invertebrates

File:Trigonellites latus.jpg with the name Trigonellites latus, from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation]]

The invertebrate fauna of the Kimmeridge Clay includes:http://www.fullbooks.com/The-Student-s-Elements-of-Geology7.html The Student's Elements of Geology by Sir Charles Lyell Part 7 out of 14 accessed 13 February 2009.{{cite journal|last1=Wignall|first1=Paul B.|title=Benthic palaeoecology of the late Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay of England|journal=Special Papers in Palaeontology|volume=43|publisher=The Palaeontological Association, London|isbn=978-0-901702-42-5|url=http://rogov.zwz.ru/Wignall,%201990_Bentic%20palaeoecology_Kimmeridge%20clay.pdf|access-date=February 8, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110826085319/http://rogov.zwz.ru/Wignall%2C%201990_Bentic%20palaeoecology_Kimmeridge%20clay.pdf|archive-date=August 26, 2011|year=1990}}

References

= Bibliography =

Galton, P.M. 1999. Cranial anatomy of the hypsilophodontid dinosaur Bugenasaura infernalis (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of North America. Revue Pale´obiologie, 18, 517–534.

Kimmeridge Clay

Description

Economic importance

Vertebrate fauna

=Ray-finned fish=

=Lobe-finned fish=

=Cartilaginous fish=

= Turtles =

= Archosaurs =

== Thalattosuchians ==

== Ornithischians ==

== Saurischians ==

== Pterosaurs ==

= Plesiosaurs =

=Ichthyosaurs=

Invertebrates

See also

References

= Bibliography =

Further reading