King Huai of Chu
{{Short description|King of Chinese state of Chu from 328 to 299 BC}}
{{distinguish|King Huai II of Chu}}
{{Infobox royalty
|image =
|name = King Huai of Chu
楚懷王
|succession = King of Chu
|predecessor = King Wei
|successor = King Qingxiang
|full name = Ancestral name: Mǐ (羋)
Lineage name: Xióng (熊)
Given name: Huái (槐)
|title =
|reign = 328–299 BC
|father = King Wei
|spouse = Zheng Xiu (鄭袖)
Lady Wei (魏美人)
|issue = King Qingxiang
Xiong Zilan (熊子蘭)
Lord Yangwen (陽文君)
Huang Xie (disputed)
|birth_date = c. 328 BC
|death_date = 296 BC
|posthumous name = King Huai (懷王)
|house = Mi
|dynasty = Chu
}}
King Huai of Chu ({{zh|t=楚懷王|p=Chǔ Huái Wáng}}), personal name Xiong Huai, was from 328 BC to 299 BC the king of the Chu state.{{cite web|url=http://www.guoxue.com/shibu/24shi/shiji/sj_040.htm |title=楚世家 (House of Chu) |work=Records of the Grand Historian |author=Sima Qian |language=Chinese |accessdate=1 March 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310023405/http://www.guoxue.com/shibu/24shi/shiji/sj_040.htm |archivedate=10 March 2012 }}
King Huai succeeded his father, King Wei, who died in 329 BC. In 299 BC, King Huai was trapped and held hostage by King Zhao of Qin when he went to the Qin state for negotiation. King Huai's son, King Qingxiang, then ascended the Chu throne. King Huai managed to escape but was recaptured by Qin. Three years later, he died in captivity.
One of his grandsons was later reinstated as King of Chu as the Qin dynasty descended into chaos, under the regnal name "King Huai of Chu".
Culture
File:CMOC Treasures of Ancient China exhibit - bronze zhou jie, detail.jpg, in 323 BCE.]]
King Huai's historical fame is especially due to the poetry of Qu Yuan, and other early Classical Chinese poetry, as preserved in the Chu ci: particularly and seminally the poem "Li Sao" (sometimes translated as "Encountering Sorrow") is thought to reflect the political and personal relationships between Qu Yuan or the poet writing in his persona and King Huai. The main themes of "Li Sao" and the poems of the Sao genre include Qu Yuan's falling victim to intrigues in the court of Chu, his resulting exile, his desire to nevertheless remain pure and untainted by the corruption that was rife in the court, and his lamentations at the gradual decline of the once-powerful state of Chu. At the very end the poet, resigned, states his resolve to die, by drowning in the river.
In fiction and popular culture
- Portrayed by Peng Bo in The Qin Empire II: Alliance (2012).
- Portrayed by Cao Zheng in The Legend of Mi Yue (2015).
See also
Notes
{{reflist}}
References
- Hawkes, David, translation, introduction, and notes (2011 [1985]). Qu Yuan et al., The Songs of the South: An Ancient Chinese Anthology of Poems by Qu Yuan and Other Poets. London: Penguin Books. {{ISBN|978-0-14-044375-2}}
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{{s-hou|House of Mi||||296 BCE||name=King Huai of Chu}}
{{s-reg}}
{{s-bef|before=King Wei of Chu}}
{{s-ttl|title=King of Chu|years=328–299 BCE}}
{{s-aft|after=King Qingxiang of Chu}}
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{{Monarchs of Chu (state)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Huai of Chu, King}}
Category:Monarchs of Chu (state)
Category:4th-century BC Chinese monarchs