Kings Canyon (Northern Territory)

Luritja people have inhabited the area for at least 20,000 years.

Ernest Giles was an early European explorer, who reached the canyon in 1872.

Kings Creek runs along the bottom of the canyon, and gives it its name. The creek was named by Giles in 1872. He wrote in his book Geographic Travels in Central Australia from 1872 to 1874: "I called King's Creek after Mr. Fielder King... an old and kind friend of mine".{{cite web | title=Kings Canyon, NT | website=Aussie Towns | date=17 January 2016 | url=https://www.aussietowns.com.au/town/kings-canyon-nt | access-date=10 April 2023}}

The Aboriginal (Luritja and Arrernte{{cite web | title=Kings Canyon Tourism | website=Discover Central Australia | url=https://www.discovercentralaustralia.com/regions/kings-canyon | access-date=10 April 2023}}) name for the creek and canyon is "Watarrka" (pronounced what-ARR-kah{{cite web | title=Kings Canyon Watarrka - Better than Uluru? | website=Travel Outback Australia | date=27 January 2022 | url=https://traveloutbackaustralia.com/outback-destinations/kings-canyon-watarrka.html | access-date=10 April 2023}}), which is the Luritja word for the local umbrella bush (Acacia ligulata) that grows in the vicinity.{{cite web | title=Watarrka | website=Central Art Aboriginal Art Store | url=https://www.aboriginalartstore.com.au/aboriginal-art-culture/aboriginal-words-glossary/pintupi-luritja/watarrka/ | language=id | access-date=10 April 2023}} The national park thus gets its name from this landform.

Kings Canyon is located {{convert|321|km}} southwest of Alice Springs via Larapinta Drive (only accessible by 4WD), or {{convert|474|km}} along the Stuart Highway, Lasseter Highway, and the Red Centre Way, which are all sealed.

File:Top of the Rim at Kings Canyon.jpg

In 1986, Kings Canyon was listed on the Register of the National Estate, when it was described by the Department of Environment as follows:{{cite AHD|190|Watarrka (Kings Canyon) National Park, Ernest Giles Rd, Yulara (sic), NT, Australia - listing on the now-defunct Register of the National Estate |date=25 March 1986|accessdate=19 June 2019}}

One of the most spectacular canyons in Central Australia. Kings Canyon contains some 60 rare or relict plant species and a total of 572 different plant species and 80 species of birds. It is a 'living plant museum' and is notable for its stands of cycads & permanent rock pools. There are some well-preserved Aboriginal paintings and engravings in the area...

The walls of Kings Canyon are over {{cvt|100|m}} high, with Kings Creek at the bottom, with several Aboriginal sacred sites.{{cite web|url=https://www.mrtoddsclassroom.com/uploads/5/8/1/0/58108305/au-t2-g-577-sacred-aboriginal-sites-across-australia-display-facts-posters_ver_5.pdf| title= Sacred Aboriginal Sites Around Australia: Kings Canyon}} Part of the gorge is an Aboriginal sacred site. The Garden of Eden is a permanent waterhole surrounded by plant life, and while visitors are permitted on the walking track, the waterhole is an important men's sacred place for the traditional owners, with particular Dreaming stories associated with it, so visitors are not allowed to swim in it. There are some distinctive rock formations known as the "Lost City".{{cite web | last=Ward | first=Cameron | title=Exploring the Garden of Eden in Kings Canyon | website=Uluru Tours | date=29 April 2020 | url=https://ulurutoursaustralia.com.au/blog/exploring-the-garden-of-eden-in-kings-canyon/ | access-date=23 June 2024}}

There are four short walks for visitors:{{cite web | title=Short walks in Watarrka National Park | website=NT.GOV.AU | date=15 February 2022 | url=https://nt.gov.au/parks/find-a-park/watarrka-national-park/short-walks | access-date=23 June 2024}}

• The {{convert|6|km|adj=on}} (loop) Kings Canyon Rim Walk traces the top of the canyon and takes three to four hours to complete.{{cite web |url=http://www.australiangeographic.com.au/outdoor/adventure/2009/09/kings-canyon-rim-walk,-nt/ |title=King's Canyon Rim Walk, NT |date=14 September 2009 |author=Louise Southerden |work=Australian Geographic |accessdate=3 August 2014 }} It is graded "Grade 4 - moderate to difficult".
• The {{convert|2.6|km|adj=on}} (return) and approximately one-hour Kings Creek Walk traces the bottom of the gorge. (Grade 2 - easy)
• The {{convert|4.8|km|adj=on}} South Wall return takes around two hours to complete. A steep climb at the beginning of the walk takes visitors up to the top, with views of the gorge below. It ends at a one-way gate. Grade 3 - moderate.
• Kathleen Springs is an easy walk on a sealed track and suitable for wheelchairs. At around {{convert|2.4|km}}, allow around 1.5 hours for the return trip.

The {{convert|22|km|adj=on}} Giles Track connects Kings Canyon to Kathleen Springs, and can be followed in either direction. It is advised to spend a night on the track.{{cite web | title=Giles Track in Watarrka National Park | website=NT.GOV.AU | date=9 August 2023 | url=https://nt.gov.au/parks/find-a-park/watarrka-national-park/giles-track | access-date=23 June 2024}}

According to geologists, the valley was formed more than 400 million years ago. It cuts through a layer of Mereenie Sandstone, which was deposited here 400 million years ago. The sandstone can be viewed in the form of 30-m high cliffs, and as you go deeper, you can witness the softer Carmichael Sandstone, which has been present here for 440 million years. These two layers of sandstone are divided by a thin layer of purple shale or mudstone which depicts the environmental changes between the two formations.{{Cite web|url=https://nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/442015/watarrka-geology-kings-canyon.pdf|title=Watarrka National Park: The geology of Kings Canyon|website=Northern Territory Government|url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211023202440/https://nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/442015/watarrka-geology-kings-canyon.pdf|archive-date= 23 October 2021|access-date=}}

Birds in the canyon area include the spinifex pigeon, zebra finch, several species of honeyeater, purple-backed fairywren, budgerigar, rufous grasswren, nankeen kestrel, and many more.{{cite web | title=Watarrka National Park bird checklist | website=Avibase | date=5 January 2024 | url=https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/checklist.jsp?region=AUno0018 | access-date=23 June 2024}}{{cite web | title=Watarrka National Park--Kings Canyon rim walk, MacDonnell, Northern Territory, Australia | website=eBird Hotspot | date=23 June 2024 | url=https://ebird.org/hotspot/L1237351/bird-list?yr=curM&rank=lrec | access-date=23 June 2024}}

Other animals include:{{cite web | title=Fauna of Watarrka National Park | website=Ausemade | date=22 June 2024 | url=https://ausemade.com.au/destinations/northern-territory-nt-australia/watarrka-national-park-kings-canyon/wnp-fauna-of-watarrka-national-park/ | access-date=23 June 2024}}

• Blistered pyrgomorph
• Centralian Green Frog
• Desert tree frog
• Dingo
• Long-nosed dragon
• Perentie
• Ring-tailed dragon
• Termites
• Rock wallaby

More than 750 plant species have been recorded in the area, with at least 60 of them unique to the region. They include rare cycads, ferns, eucalyptus, acacia, and desert oaks.{{cite web | title=Watarrka National Park | website=Australian Adventure Travel | date=12 March 2022 | url=https://australianadventure.travel/en/blog/travel-to-uluru-ayers-rock/watarrka-national-park | access-date=23 June 2024}}

Kings Creek Station was established by Ian and Lyn Conway in 1981. It lies {{cvt|36|km}} from Kings Canyon, and offers accommodation and tourist experiences.{{cite web | title=Home | website=Kings Creek Station | url=https://kingscreekstation.com.au/ | access-date=10 April 2023}} It was originally run as a cattle station and camel property, and still runs these animals, but tourism is now its main business. The property covers {{cvt| 2,200|km2}}, of which {{cvt|100|km2}} is freehold, with the remainder being a pastoral lease. Tony McFadzean took over as CEO and co-owner some time after the Conways retired in April 2019.{{cite web | title=About Us | website=Kings Creek Station | date=11 October 2020 | url=https://kingscreekstation.com.au/about-us/ | access-date=10 April 2023}}

Kings Canyon Power Station is a photovoltaic power station. With a generating capacity of 225 kWp and electricity production of 372,000 kWh of electricity per annum. It was the largest single installation of its kind in Australia when it began operation in December 2003.[http://www.nt.gov.au/powerwater/environment/renewable.html Renewable energy] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061104160838/http://www.nt.gov.au/powerwater/environment/renewable.html |date=November 4, 2006 }} Kings Canyon Power Station, part of the Territory Generation network, is the only commercial source of electricity in the Kings Canyon area. It provides up to 1.1MW from a combination of solar and diesel generation.{{cite web | title=Our power stations | website=Territory Generation | url=https://territorygeneration.com.au/about-us/our-power-stations/ | access-date=23 June 2024}}

Kings Canyon featured in the 1994 film The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert as the rock climbed by the lead characters at the end of their trip of self-discovery.{{cite web |title=The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert: The Queens of King's Canyon |website=National Film and Sound Archive of Australia | url=https://www.nfsa.gov.au/collection/curated/asset/96886-adventures-priscilla-queen-desert-queens-kings-canyon |access-date=27 May 2024 |first=Paul |last=Byrnes |format=video + text}}

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Category:Canyons and gorges in the Northern Territory