Kiuchi Kyō
{{short description|Japanese educator and politician}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Kiuchi Kyō
|native_name = {{nobold|木内 キヤウ}}
|native_name_lang = ja
|image =
|caption =
|office = Member of the House of Councillors for the House of Councillors national district
|alongside =
|term_start = 1947
|term_end =
|predecessor =
|successor =
|birth_date = {{birth date|1884|2|14|df=y}}
|birth_place = Asakusa, Tokyo, Japan
|death_date = {{death date and age|1964|11|7|1884|2|14|df=y}}
|death_place =
|party = Minshu Club
|spouse = Tatsusaburō Kiuchi (1909–?)
|children =
|father = Awashima Kangetsu
|alma_mater = Tokyo Women's Normal School
}}
{{nihongo|Kiuchi Kyō|木内 キヤウ|Kiuchi Kyō|14 February 1884 – 7 November 1964}} was a Japanese educator and politician who served as a member of the House of Councillors. She is believed to be the first woman to become the principal of a Japanese school.{{cite web |title=木内キヤウ |url=https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%9C%A8%E5%86%85%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A4%E3%82%A6-1068663 |website=kotobank.com |accessdate=21 December 2019 |language=ja}}
Name
Biography
Kiuchi Kyō was born on 14 February 1884{{cite book|title=日本女性人名辞典〔普及版〕|publisher=Nihon Tosho Center|year=1998|language=Japanese|page=350}} in the Asakusa Morishita town in the Asakusa ward of Tokyo, the first-born child of artist {{ill|Awashima Kangetsu|ja|淡島寒月}}.教育一路, p. 23-29 The Awashima family business was a well-known honeycomb toffee shop, but they made a living by charging rent for the remaining estate and selling it, such as giving up the store with her grandparents.教育一路, p. 15-17, 23-24{{cite book|first=Yōko|last=Mure|year=1999|title=あなたみたいな明治の女|publisher=Asahi Shimbun Company|language=Japanese|pages=62–64}}
Even when she was nine years old, her father did not allow her to enter elementary school.教育一路, p. 32-34 Worried after her graduation from high school, she attended a normal school, and she graduated from Tokyo Women's Normal School in March 1903 and was assigned to Minamikatsushika Ordinary Primary School.教育一路, p. 36-41, 45-46 In March 1909, she married {{nihongo|Tatsusaburō Kiuchi|木内辰三郎|Kiuchi Tatsusaburō}}, a teacher at Urawa Junior High School,教育一路, p. 27, 55-57 and she chose to maintain her work–life balance.{{cite news |title=男女平等に捧げた生涯 |url=https://www.city.kita.tokyo.jp/tayosei/kurashi/jinken/report/documents/attachment31.pdf |accessdate=21 December 2019 |publisher=City of Kita |language=ja}} In April 1910, she was transferred to Nihonbashi-no-Jōtō Ordinary Elementary School.教育一路, p. 59 She entered the Tokyo Women's Normal School's advanced courses in April 1926, and after completing the course, she was transferred to Jūon Ordinary Primary School.教育一路, pp. 72-74 In October 1931, she became the principal of Itabashi no Shimura First Ordinary Primary School of Itabashi, and she remained in that position until July 1941.教育一路, p. 120 She also founded Kiuchi Academy in Takinogawa and served as the head of a pigeon garden.{{cite book|title=新訂 政治家人名事典 明治～昭和|publisher=Nichigai Associates|year=2003|language=Japanese|pages=195–196}}{{cite book|first=Masaaki|last=Ueda|author2=et cetera|title=日本人名大辞典|publisher=Kodansha|year=2001|language=Japanese|page=587}}
She was also vice-president of the National Primary School Union's Female Teachers Association, director of the Tokyo Education Association's Women's Training Department, a member of the Japan International Association's Women's Committee, director of the Tokyo Women's Patriotic Association, and a councillor of the Dai Nippon Women's Association. She was a representative of the 1928 Pan-Pacific Women's Conference in Hawaii. During World War II, she became a member of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association's Central Cooperation Council.教育一路, p. 128
After an unsuccessful attempt in the 1946 Japanese general election, where she received 21,185 votes for the House of Councillors national district among 120 candidates,{{cite news |title=東京1区 第22回衆議院議員選挙東京都小選挙区 |url=https://go2senkyo.com/shugiin/17807/senkyoku/31413 |accessdate=21 December 2019 |publisher=Central Election Management Council}} she was elected to the House of Councillors national district in the 1947 Japanese House of Councillors election. She was a member of the Minshu Club and dedicated herself to issues involving education and female teachers.教育一路, p. 145
Kiuchi Kyō died on 7 November 1964 at the age of 80.{{cite book|author1=House of Representatives|author2=House of Councilors|title=議会制度百年史 - 貴族院・参議院議員名鑑|publisher=Ministry of Finance Printing Bureau|year=1990|language=Japanese|page=290}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book|last=Kiuchi|first=Kyō|title=汎太平洋婦人会議に列して|year=1929|language=Japanese}}
References
{{Reflist}}
- {{cite book|publisher=eitosho Shubbansha|title=教育一路|year=1953|language=Japanese}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kiuchi, Kyō}}
Category:Japanese schoolteachers
Category:20th-century Japanese politicians
Category:Members of the House of Councillors (Japan)
Category:Women members of the House of Councillors (Japan)
Category:Ochanomizu University alumni
Category:20th-century Japanese women politicians
Category:Politicians from Tokyo