Kkondae
{{Short description|South Korean word for condescending people}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Orphan|date=October 2019}}
{{cleanup translation|Korean|date=May 2024}}
{{POV|date=September 2019}}
}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Infobox Korean name
|hangul=꼰대
|rr=kkondae
|mr=kkondae
|koreanipa={{IPA|ko|k͈ondɛ|}}
|title=Kkondae}}
Kkondae ({{Korean|hangul=꼰대}}) is an expression used in South Korea to describe a condescending person. The slang noun kkondae was originally used by students and teenagers to refer to older people such as fathers and teachers. Recently, however, the word has been used to refer to a boss or an older person who does so-called kkondae-jil (acting like a kkondae, in the Korean language), that forces the former's outdated way of thinking onto another person.
Etymology
There are two competing arguments on the origin of kkondae. The first theory claims that the word kondaegi, which means a pupa in the South Gyeongsang Province dialect, is the origin: The folded skin of a pupa reminds the wrinkles of an old man, so the word might have become a representation of an old man. The other theory suggests the French nobility title :fr:comte (count) is the basis of the word kkondae (although a modern French person would probably hear the old slang for police, :fr:condé). During the Japanese occupation of Korea, pro-Japanese politicians such as Lee Wan-yong received nobility titles from the Japanese government. They proudly called themselves kkondae, hence it might have been developed into a slang later.
= The late 20th century =
Originally, the word kkondae meant simply an old man in a profane way. During the late 1960s when industrialization and westernization were in full swing in South Korea, the word also began to refer to (classroom) teachers. Students, who were not satisfied with the outdated school environment, would dismiss teachers from the older generation as old-fashioned beings. Hence, the word kkondae became a slang used by students.
Cause
The Society of Korea is holding the radical development of, and going to a rapidly changing society by innovation increasingly reduced the area which can resonate between the generations.{{Cite web|url=http://www.topstarnews.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=483387|title=The meaning of kkondae, starts from a dialect?|date=2018-09-17|website=톱스타뉴스|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-23}} This is not simply a matter of generation gap.{{Cite web|url=http://snaptime.edaily.co.kr/2019/05/%ec%8b%9c%eb%8b%88%ec%96%b4%ec%9d%98-%eb%b0%98%eb%9e%80%e2%91%a3%ea%bc%b0%eb%8c%80%eb%92%b7%eb%b0%a9-%eb%8a%99%ec%9d%80%ec%9d%b4-%ec%98%9b%eb%a7%90-%ec%8b%a4%eb%b2%84-%ec%84%b8%eb%8c%80/|title=[Senior Rebellion] ④ 'Old man', 'Old man in the back' old saying ... 2030 Rohmodel|date=2019-05-02|website=스냅타임|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-23}} This issue has a lot to do with media, technological advances, and globalization.{{Cite web|url=https://www.mk.co.kr/news/entertain/view/2019/01/18712/|title=kkondae+ggapjil, the problem|last=김 |first=노을|date=|website=Maeil Business Newspaper|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-23}} It is also worth noting that there are emerging generations in which growth is delayed.{{Cite web|url=https://news.joins.com/article/23215338|title=Do not you want to listen to kkondae? So you have to know what feminism is.|date=2018-12-17|website=JoongAng Ilbo|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-23}} This is one of the backgrounds of discourse.{{Cite web|url=https://news.sbs.co.kr/news/endPage.do?news_id=N1005076177|title='kkondae' Shared Captured PD ... The reason is that?|date=2018-12-30|website=SBS NEWS|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-23}} It means that there are a lot of people who are not satisfied with the social norm of being grown up.{{Cite web|url=https://news.joins.com/article/22528430|title=If you say "these days kids", you are kkondae|date=2018-04-12|website=JoongAng Ilbo|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-23}} This is also a structural problem.{{Cite web|url=http://www.donga.com/news/more23/article/all/20180618/90624679/1|title=[Kim Soon-duk column] I am too scared about kkondae|date=2018-06-18|website=The Dong-a Ilbo|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-23}} When the average life span was short, people accept and adapt quickly went to the social demands.{{Cite web|url=http://star.ohmynews.com/NWS_Web/OhmyStar/at_pg.aspx?CNTN_CD=A0002519865|title='Kim Ji-nae Convenience Store', 'kkondae father'|date=2019-03-16|website=OhmyStar|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-23}} But while human life began to increase gradually, people began to slow in marriage, career, academic and forms part of this interaction paradigm and the kkondae.{{Cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/specialsection/esc_section/826250.html|title=[ESC] Young you, stop 'kkondae speech' now!|date=2018-01-04|website=The Hankyoreh|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-23}}
Social phenomenon
The word 'kkondae' is becoming increasingly problematic in society.{{Cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/hanitv/hanitv_general/898861.html|title=[Live In # 1] 'X86 Generation', How They Become 'kkondae'|date=2019-06-21|website=The Hankyoreh|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} If people who know something more try to tell people they do not know, the people who receive the information sometimes think of such behavior as robust.{{Cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/opinion/column/897606.html|title=[From the editorial board] My kkondae index is ... / Lee Jong-gyu|date=2019-06-12|website=The Hankyoreh|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} So now people try to notice or refrain from behaving to tell others about what they experience and know first.{{Cite web|url=https://www.mk.co.kr/opinion/columnists/view/2019/06/425420/|title=['Kim Sung-ho's Third Generation Communication Military Law'] Jin Sung (Baby Boomer) kkondae (X Generation) ... - Daily Economy|date=17 June 2019|website=Maeil Business Newspaper|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} When the image of human being is formed, people around them tend to look at the person with a negative gaze and think of it as a person who thinks behind the times.{{Cite web|url=https://www.mk.co.kr/star/broadcasting-service/view/2019/06/441553/|title='Haitou 4' model 's' slave 'Changyunju," Today will be a sandbag of the juniors "Compromise - Star Today|date=20 June 2019|website=Maeil Business Newspaper|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}}
These problems are not only seen by people who are older and have experienced much.{{Cite web|url=http://www.ohmynews.com/NWS_Web/View/at_pg.aspx?CNTN_CD=A0002541684|title=This is a good word to read without criticism|date=2019-06-01|website=OhmyNews|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} Now, as people look at people who are different from themselves with negative perceptions, the meaning of kkondae is getting wider and the people living in Korean society tend not to push or persuade their opinions and thoughts compared to the past.{{Cite web|url=https://www.insight.co.kr/news/228224|title=There are 5 kinds of 'kkondae' that comes out when a second year college student drinks with a freshman|date=|website=인사이트|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}}
Influence
As the word 'kkondae' came along, people began to refrain from acting on themselves and their thoughts to force others to agree.{{Cite web|url=http://www.klan.kr/news_gisa/gisa_view.htm?gisa_category=10010000&gisa_idx=47006|title="Nowadays employees do not have a concept ... "Inside the organization, kkondae problem|date=|website=케이랜|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} Also, people with older or more life experiences tend to try to understand young cultures, and a combination of older generations and current generations of cultures is emerging.{{Cite web|url=http://news.mt.co.kr/mtview.php?no=2019052408363013042|title=Junior OO Mr. ...not feel so bad, this is not kkondae - Money Today News|date=2019-05-24|website=news.mt.co.kr|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} This phenomenon appears in various areas, such as music, TV programs, and fashion.{{Cite web|url=http://bizn.donga.com/BestClick/3/all/20190107/93592228/2|title="To survive faster" ... Take off kkondae|date=|website=bizn.donga.com|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}}
= Music =
The combination of the atmosphere of old songs and the current trendy songs is producing the area of new music.{{Cite web|url=https://www.rnx.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=87371|title=Latin music and K-pop met! VAV, Play & Skills & Deragetto What kind of collaboration will spread ↑ ↑|date=2019-06-21|website=RNX뉴스|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} In addition, the old singer and the current singer work together to work on harmonious songs.{{Cite web|url=http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/06/21/2019062101588.html|title='Music-centric' Kim Hyun-cheol X Red Velvet Wise, over the generation|date=2019-06-21|website=The Chosun Ilbo|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} This phenomenon is a combination of the old generation and the young generation at the same time, and it can embrace various groups and people.{{Cite web|url=http://star.mt.co.kr/stview.php?no=2019062218275024417|title='Infinite' bandwagon, 'Namdaeng trains' Arranged by old composer on rock arrangement [TV by star]|date=2019-06-22|website=스타뉴스|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}}
= TV programs =
TV programs are also being affected a lot.{{Cite web|url=http://www.topstarnews.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=637883|title=Kim Hyo Jin reporter - [Thursday entertainment] 20 pm afternoon main entertainment program schedule - Last week's audience rating?|date=2019-06-20|website=톱스타뉴스|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} Regulations on broadcasting have been relaxed much, and positive suggestions have begun to be made, not to interpret negative trends in the current phenomenon.{{Cite web|url=http://www.kmctimes.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=53268|title=Christian program 'to come to viewers with new attempts' - Christian Times, new program|date=|website=www.kmctimes.com|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} When the performers come out of the TV program and play a game, try Dutch pie, or try new things, they used to make such a negative TV program, but now it is a very natural phenomenon.{{Cite web|url=http://www.sedaily.com/NewsView/1VKH774LLF/GL0103|title='Bob's friends' 4-color food variety .. Leading the trend of rice in the year 2019|date=2019-06-19|website=서울경제|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}}
= Fashion =
The old generation tended to look strange about the fashionable clothes and accessories.{{Cite web|url=http://www.newsflix.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=2779|title=Award-winning fashion show 'Culture, Peerless Fashion Show', held in Cheonggye Stream on June 22|date=2019-06-21|website=뉴스플릭스(NewsFlix)|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} Recently, however, the old generation have been looking at trendy clothes, hair styles, and accessories positively and looking at them.{{Cite web|url=http://www.kbmaeil.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=818585|title=Yoon Chul-soo, Chairman of the New Fashion Industry|date=2019-06-13|website=경북매일|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} In addition, old fashion trends are forming new trends in combination with popular fashion trends, which is evidence that fashion is developing over time.{{Cite web|url=http://www.ktnews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=111326|title=2020S / S London Fashion Weekman MUNN Collection - Han Hyun-min Attracting Global Fashion People to Unfamiliarity|date=2019-06-14|website=한국섬유신문|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}}
Current situation
The young man blames the lame, the old man grudges the young people.{{Cite web|url=http://www.ohmynews.com/NWS_Web/View/at_pg.aspx?CNTN_CD=A0002460653|title=I'm sorry, I was 29 years younger kkondae|date=2018-08-14|website=OhmyNews|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} Recently They are often asked to ask questions or to ask questions about their loyalty.{{Cite web|url=https://www.mk.co.kr/news/society/view/2018/01/37499/|title='꼰대어 해석법' 등장에 젊은층 반응보니|website=Maeil Business Newspaper|date=17 January 2018 |language=ko|access-date=2019-06-22}} It's been used as a profanity for a long time.{{Cite web|url=https://news.joins.com/article/23000650|title=My college and my life are determined by kkondae|date=2018-09-27|website=JoongAng Ilbo|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} But at some point it will be an important social keyword.{{Cite web|url=http://www.kyeongin.com/main/view.php?key=20190509010003356|title=양택조 나이 81세, 꼰대 고백… 꼰대 뜻은?|website=경인일보|language=ko|access-date=2019-06-22}} The word 'kkondae' refers to the teacher as a whole. There has been a remarkable change between expanding to general.{{Cite web|url=https://www.dispatch.co.kr/1382405|title=Check out the 'young troupe' checklist, which is worse than the older generation about kkondae.|date=2018-07-04|website=디스패치|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}} The discourse of the younger generations is not only a problem for adults but also for seniors and even friends of department and club.{{Cite web|url=https://www.mk.co.kr/news/society/view/2018/09/565619/|title=[Card News] Are you younger 'kkondae'? Self-test - Daily Economy|last1=신 |first1=영빈|last2=김 |first2=수연|date=7 September 2018|website=Maeil Business Newspaper|language=ko|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-06-22}}
References
{{Reflist |refs=
{{Cite web |url= https://stdict.korean.go.kr/search/searchResult.do?pageSize=10&searchKeyword=%EA%BC%B0%EB%8C%80#none |title= 국립국어원 표준국어대사전 |trans-title= National Institute of Korean Language - Standard Korean Language Dictionary |publisher=National Institute of Korean Language |website= stdict.korean.go.kr |access-date=2019-06-16}}
{{Cite news |url= https://news.joins.com/article/21649340 |title= '이완용에서 출발…?' 신기한 '꼰대'의 어원 |trans-title= 'Did it come from Lee Wan-yong...?' Interesting origin of the word kkondae |last= 정 |first= 은혜 |work= JoongAng Ilbo |language=ko |date= 2017-06-08 }}
}}