Kolzam RegioVan
{{Infobox EMU
| name = Kolzam RegioVan
| image = SA109-005 KŚ.jpg
| imagesize = 300px
| caption = SA109-005 of Koleje Śląskie
| interiorimage =
| interiorcaption =
| background = #384379;color:white
| manufacturer = Kolzam, Fablok
| operator =
| family =
| formation =
| numberbuilt = 13
| service =
| weight = Mini {{convert|23.3|t|abbr=on}}
Midi {{convert|45|t|abbr=on}}
Maxi {{convert|60|t|abbr=on}}
| carlength =
| width = 2900 mm
| height = 3800 mm
| capacity =
| maxspeed = {{convert|120|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
| poweroutput =
| gauge =
| electricsystem =
| coupling=
}}
Kolzam RegioVan is a series of railcars produced in Poland, produced by Kolzam in Racibórz in 2003–2005 and by Fablok in Chrzanów in between 2011 and 2012. Kolzam jointly produced: two single units (SA107 – 211M type) and 10 double units (SA109 – 212M type), the eleventh railcar was produced by Fablok. There have never been any triple units produced.{{cite web|title=Kolzam|url=http://inforail.pl/text.php?id=31472|website=Inforail|accessdate=18 December 2014}}
History
=Origin=
In the 1990s, the PKP Group owned 6 railcars produced by Kolzam ({{ill|SN81|pl|Kolzam SPA-66}}) and 6 by ZNTK Poznań (Class 207M).
The PKP planned a rolling stock renewal programme in the 1990s in which they were to receive the 16 ordered Pendolino ETR 460s,{{cite web|title=PKP and Pendolino|url=http://www.rmf24.pl/ekonomia/news-pkp-i-pendolino,nId,124026|website=RMF 24|accessdate=18 December 2014}} 50 EU11/EU43 from Bombardier Transportation Polska and a few hundred railcars for local connections. The order for the Pendolinos was cancelled in 2000 after the Supreme Audit Office identified serious shortcomings in their tender processes, and also due to the precarious financial situation PKP was in.{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/932174413 |title=Normalnotorowe wagony silnikowe kolei polskich 1991–2013 |date=2014 |publisher=Kolpress |isbn=978-83-933257-6-4 |editor-last=Kroma |editor-first=Robert |edition=1 |series=Encyklopedia Taboru |location=Poznań |pages=72-79 |language=pl |chapter=Włoski elektryczny zespół trakcyjny typ ETR460 "Pendolino" |oclc=932174413 |editor-last2=Sosiński |editor-first2=Janusz |editor-last3=Zintel |editor-first3=Krzysztof}} In 2002 all of the delivered EU11 locomotives were sold to the Italian passenger transportation company Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane.
The order for the latter railcars never happened. But both Kolzam and ZNTK Poznań had drawn up plans and began a full structural project to create the railcar, and built the high-floor {{ill|Kolzam 208M|pl}} (SA104 and SA122) which was commercially used from 1996–2013.{{cite web|title=Financial Restructure of the PKP|url=http://www.rynek-kolejowy.pl/27122/Wypadek_w_Lubelskiem_Brak_sladow_hamowania.htm|website=Rynek Kolejowy|accessdate=18 December 2014}}
By the end of 2000 after the restructure{{cite web|title=Commercialisation of the PKP Group|url=http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/DetailsServlet?id=WDU20000840948|website=ISAP|accessdate=18 December 2014}} of the financing of the PKP for regional transportation, which created the Przewozy Regionalne which allowed the company to use finances for rolling stock. Which meant the company chose to order one, two and three unit railcars.{{cite web|title=The effectiveness of the use of the new railcar|url=http://czt.zm.org.pl/download/czt/raport_06_5-szynobusy.pdf|website=Inforail|accessdate=18 December 2014}}
Together with Kolzam ZNTK Poznań built the ZNTK Poznań Regio Tramp and Pesa with the Pesa 214M.{{cite web|title=Photograph of the Pesa 214M|url=http://rail.phototrans.eu/14,88333,0,PESA_214M_SA106_019.html|website=Phototrans|accessdate=18 December 2014}}
=Bankruptcy of Kolzam=
After the declaration of bankruptcy by the manufacturer in August 2005, the documentation and the right to produce of the RegioVan was bought by Fablok. Kolzam itself was bought by the Hungarian company MAVEX-Record in 2007.{{cite web|title=Kolzam has problems|url=http://www.gazeta.pl/0,0.html?status=hp404|website=Gazeta|accessdate=18 December 2014}}
Construction
The RegioVan is a single-level, partly low-floor railcar for regional passenger service on less busy, mostly non-electrified railway lines. Produced in single and double units. The triple unit although being a project did not become realised.
In contrast to the previous designs of the Kolzam SN81 and SA104/122, the RegioVans have a modular lightweight body structure with a low floor in the entrance area. The height of the floor in the lower level is 575–600 mm and in the partly high level with steps and a ramp the height is 1090 mm.{{cite web|title=Certificates|url=http://swiadectwa.utk.gov.pl/utk/obrazblob2.php?id=2C8CF814-4AF7-4C4D-942C-EE4BDF7F02AF&pages=1&nazwa=T/2011/0051:%C5%9Bwiadectwo|website=Swiadectwa|accessdate=18 December 2014}}
The units have double slide doors on both sides with a width of 1300 mm, located in the low floor area. Under each door there is a sliding step for easy boarding and access to the vehicle.
Both the 211M unit, the 212M one-axle unit (18MNb) and the (31ANb) are a one-axle unit. The planned three-axle unit, was to have had a third unit. The drive unit had an integrated engine with a power transmission and reverse shuttle which was placed under the floor in the power-pack engine system.
The units are equipped with standard safety automation equipment: automatic train braking and Radio-Stop.{{cite web|title=The Right To Use the 221M|url=http://swiadectwa.utk.gov.pl/utk/obrazblob2.php?id=D30A6679-53C4-442B-805E-2CAD6CE34D39&pages=1&nazwa=T/2011/0050:%C5%9Bwiadectwo|website=Swiadectwa|accessdate=18 December 2014}}
=Versions=
| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" |
| Type
! Name ! Number of units ! Axle ! Service ! Length ! Number and power of engines ! Number of ! Number of ! Number of units |
|---|
| 211M
| Mini | 1 | A'1' | 23,3 t | 14 645 mm | 1 × 190 kW | 42 / 39 | 84 | 2 |
| 212M
| Midi | 2 | A'1'+1'A' | 45 t | 26 630 mm | 2 × 190 kW | 62+11 / 64+9 | 180 | 11 |
| 210M
| Maxi | 3 | A'1'+1'1'+1'A' | 60 t | 38 350 mm | 2 × 275 – 315 kW | 114 | 270 | 0 |