Komi-Yazva language
{{Short description|Uralic language spoken in Russia}}
{{Expand language|topic=|langcode=ru|otherarticle=Коми-язьвинское наречие|date=February 2025}}
{{Refimprove|date=April 2010}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Komi-Yodz
| nativename = {{lang|kv|коми-ёдз көл}} {{tlit|kv|komi-jodz kål}}
| states = Russia
| region = Perm Krai
| speakers = 200
| date = 2007
| familycolor = Uralic
| fam2 = Permic
| fam3 = Komi
| glotto = komi1277
| glottorefname = Komi-Yazva
| map = 5.1a-Komi-languages.png
| mapcaption = Traditional distribution of the Komi languages
| map2 = Lang Status 40-SE.svg
| mapcaption2 = {{center|{{small|Yazva Komi is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010)}}}}
| isoexception = dialect
| ethnicity = (undated figure of 4,000 Yazva Komi)
}}The Komi-Yazva language (коми-ёдз көл, komi-jodz kål) is a Permic language closely related to Komi-Zyrian and Permyak, native to and spoken mostly in Krasnovishersky District of Perm Krai in Russia, in the basin of the Yazva (Yodz) River. It has no official status. It is the most divergent of all the Komi varieties.{{Cite book |last=Comrie |first=Bernard |title=The languages of the Soviet Union |date=1981 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-29877-3 |series=Cambridge language surveys |location=Cambridge [Eng.] ; New York}} About two thousand speakers densely live in Krasnovishersky District.
Studies
Availability{{Clarify|date=July 2012}} of the particular vowels together with features of phonetics and stress system led Finnish linguist Arvid Genetz in 1889 to consider Komi-Yazva as a separate dialect. Later, this decision was confirmed by the famous Finno-Ugricist Vasily Lytkin, who studied the Komi-Yazva idiom in depth from 1949 until 1953. Some researchers consider it to be a dialect of the Komi-Permyak language.{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28635260 |title=I︠A︡zyki mira. Uralʹskie i︠a︡zyki |date=1993 |publisher=Nauka |others=V. N. I︠A︡rt︠s︡eva, I︠U︡. S. Eliseev, K. E. Maĭtinskai︠a︡, O. I. Romanova, Institut i︠a︡zykoznanii︠a︡ |isbn=5-02-011069-8 |location=Moskva |oclc=28635260}}File:Komi-Permian language map.svg
Geographical distribution
In the early 1960s, about 2,000 speakers lived compactly on the territory of Krasnovishersky District of Perm Krai (Antipinskaya, Parshakovskaya, Bychinskaya and Verkh-Yazvinskaya village administrations). In total, there were about 3,000 language-speakers.{{Cite book|last=Vasily Lytkin|title=The Komi-Yazvin dialect|publisher=Academy of Sciences of the USSR Publishing House|year=1961}}
Alphabet
The first Komi-Yazva primer was printed in 2003. Its author was the teacher of the Parshavskaya school A. L. Parshakova. This book also became the first one ever printed in Komi-Yazva language.
| style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS; font-size:1.4em; border-color:#000000; border-width:1px; border-style:solid; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:#F8F8EF"
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | А а | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Б б | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | В в | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Г г | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Д д | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Е е | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ё ё | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ж ж |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | З з
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | И и | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Й й | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | К к | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Л л | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | М м | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Н н | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | О о |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ө ө
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ӧ ӧ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | П п | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Р р | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | С с | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Т т | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | У у | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ӱ ӱ |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ф ф
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Х х | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ц ц | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ч ч | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ш ш | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Щ щ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ъ ъ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ы ы |
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ь ь
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Э э | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Ю ю | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" | Я я | | | | |
See also
References
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book|last1=Hausenberg|first1=Annu-Reet|editor1-last=Abondolo|editor1-first=Daniel|title=The Uralic languages|date=1998|publisher=Routledge|isbn=0-415-08198-X|pages=305–326|chapter=Komi}}
- Лыткин В. И., Тепляшина Т. И. Пермские языки // Основы финно-угорского языкознания / ИЯ АН СССР. — Т.3. — М.: Наука, 1976.
- = Lytkin, V. I.; Teplyashina, T. I. "Permic languages". The Fundamentals of Fenno-Ugric linguistics. (The Academy of Sciences of the USSR.) Vol. 3. Moscow: Nauka, 1976.
- Лыткин В. И. Коми-язьвинский диалект. — М.: Издательсвто АН СССР, 1961.
- = Lytkin, V. I. (ed.) The Komi-Yazva dialect. Moscow, 1961.
- Коми-пермяцкий язык / Под ред. проф. В. И. Лыткина. — Кудымкар: Коми-пермяцкое книжное издательство, 1962.
- = Lytkin, V. I. (ed.) The Komi-Permyak language. Kudymkar, 1962.
- Паршакова А. Л. Коми-язьвинский букварь. Пермь, 2003.
- = Parshakova, A. L. Komi-Yazva primer. Perm, 2003.
{{Uralic languages}}
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