Konso language

{{Short description|Cushitic language spoken in southwestern Ethiopia}}

{{Infobox language

|name = Konso

|nativename = {{lang|kxc|አፈ ኾንሶ}} (äfä honəso)

|pronunciation =

|states = Ethiopia

|region = South of Lake Chamo in the bend of the Sagan River

|speakers = {{sigfig|243,300|2}}

|date = 2007

|ref = [http://www.csa.gov.et/images/documents/pdf_files/regional/CountryLevel.pdf Ethiopia 2007 Census]{{e27|kxc|Konso}}

|dia1=Duuro

|dia2=Fasha

|dia3=Karatti

|dia4=Kholme

|familycolor = Afro-Asiatic

|fam2 = Cushitic

|fam3 = Lowland East

|fam4 = Oromoid

|fam5 = Konsoid

|iso3=kxc

|glotto=kons1243

|glottorefname=Konso

|script=Ethiopic script

}}

Konso (Komso, Khonso, also Af Kareti, Afa Karatti, Conso, Gato, Karate, Kareti) is a Lowland East Cushitic language spoken in southwest Ethiopia. Native speakers of Konso number about 200,000 (SIL 2005). Konso is closely related to Dirasha (also known as Gidole), and serves as a "trade language"—or lingua franca—beyond the area of the Konso people. Blench (2006) considers purported dialects Gato and Turo to be separate languages.Blench, 2006. [http://rogerblench.info/Language/Afroasiatic/General/AALIST.pdf The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List] (ms)

The Grammar of Konso was first described by Hellenthal (2004), and later, in more detail, by Ongaye (2013). The New Testament was published in the Konso language in 2002.

Phonology

= Consonants =

Unlike its Oromoid relatives and most East African languages in general, Konso distinguishes neither voiced nor ejective consonants. Instead, it has a series of implosive stops, including the extremely rare uvular implosive /ʛ/.{{Cite book|last=Orkaydo|first=Ongaye Oda|title=A Grammar of Konso|year=2013|pages=11}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

! colspan="2" |

!Labial

!Alveolar

!Palatal

!Velar

!Uvular

!Glottal

colspan="2" |Nasal

| {{IPA link|m}}

| {{IPA link|n}}

| {{IPA link|ɲ}}

|

|

|

rowspan="2" |Plosive

!{{small|plain}}

| {{IPA link|p}}

| {{IPA link|t}}

| {{IPA link|c}}

| {{IPA link|k}}

|

| {{IPA link|ʔ}}

{{small|implosive}}

| {{IPA link|ɓ}}

| {{IPA link|ɗ}}

| {{IPA link|ʄ}}

|

| {{IPA link|ʛ}}

|

colspan="2" |Fricative

| {{IPA link|f}}

| {{IPA link|s}}

| {{IPA link|ʃ}}

|

| {{IPA link|χ}}

| {{IPA link|h}}

colspan="2" |Lateral

|

| {{IPA link|l}}

|

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Trill

|

| {{IPA link|r}}

|

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Glide

| {{IPA link|w}}

|

| {{IPA link|j}}

|

|

|

= Vowels =

Typical of a Cushitic language, Konso distinguishes five short and five long vowels:

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

!

!Front

!Central

!Back

Close

| {{IPA link|i}} {{IPA link|iː}}

|

| {{IPA link|u}} {{IPA link|uː}}

Mid

| {{IPA link|e}} {{IPA link|eː}}

|

| {{IPA link|o}} {{IPA link|oː}}

Open

|

| {{IPA link|a}} {{IPA link|aː}}

|

See also

References

{{reflist}}

Literature on the Konso language

  • {{Cite journal |last=Bliese |first=Loren |last2=Gignarta |first2=Sokka |date=1986 |title=Konso Exceptions to SOV (subject–object–verb) Typology |jstor=41965937 |journal=Journal of Ethiopian Studies |volume=19 |pages=1–40}}
  • {{Cite thesis |last=Hellenthal |first=Anne-Christie |date=2004 |title=Some Morphosyntactic Aspects of the Konso Language |degree=MA |publisher=Leiden University}}
  • {{Cite thesis |last=Orkaydo |first=Ongaye Oda |title=A grammar of Konso |date=2013 |degree=Ph.D. |publisher=Leiden University |url=https://www.lotpublications.nl/Documents/326_fulltext.pdf |hdl=1887/20681 |hdl-access=free}}
  • Uusitalo, Mirjami (2007). Konso language. in Siegbert Uhlig (ed.), Encyclopaedia Aethiopica 3, 424-425. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.

{{Languages of Ethiopia}}

{{Cushitic languages}}

Category:Languages of Ethiopia

Category:East Cushitic languages

{{AfroAsiatic-lang-stub}}

{{Ethiopia-stub}}