Konso language
{{Short description|Cushitic language spoken in southwestern Ethiopia}}
{{Infobox language
|name = Konso
|nativename = {{lang|kxc|አፈ ኾንሶ}} (äfä honəso)
|pronunciation =
|states = Ethiopia
|region = South of Lake Chamo in the bend of the Sagan River
|speakers = {{sigfig|243,300|2}}
|date = 2007
|ref = [http://www.csa.gov.et/images/documents/pdf_files/regional/CountryLevel.pdf Ethiopia 2007 Census]{{e27|kxc|Konso}}
|dia1=Duuro
|dia2=Fasha
|dia3=Karatti
|dia4=Kholme
|familycolor = Afro-Asiatic
|fam2 = Cushitic
|fam3 = Lowland East
|fam4 = Oromoid
|fam5 = Konsoid
|iso3=kxc
|glotto=kons1243
|glottorefname=Konso
|script=Ethiopic script
}}
Konso (Komso, Khonso, also Af Kareti, Afa Karatti, Conso, Gato, Karate, Kareti) is a Lowland East Cushitic language spoken in southwest Ethiopia. Native speakers of Konso number about 200,000 (SIL 2005). Konso is closely related to Dirasha (also known as Gidole), and serves as a "trade language"—or lingua franca—beyond the area of the Konso people. Blench (2006) considers purported dialects Gato and Turo to be separate languages.Blench, 2006. [http://rogerblench.info/Language/Afroasiatic/General/AALIST.pdf The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List] (ms)
The Grammar of Konso was first described by Hellenthal (2004), and later, in more detail, by Ongaye (2013). The New Testament was published in the Konso language in 2002.
Phonology
= Consonants =
Unlike its Oromoid relatives and most East African languages in general, Konso distinguishes neither voiced nor ejective consonants. Instead, it has a series of implosive stops, including the extremely rare uvular implosive /ʛ/.{{Cite book|last=Orkaydo|first=Ongaye Oda|title=A Grammar of Konso|year=2013|pages=11}}
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | |
colspan="2" |Nasal
| {{IPA link|m}} | {{IPA link|n}} | {{IPA link|ɲ}} | | | |
---|
rowspan="2" |Plosive
!{{small|plain}} | {{IPA link|p}} | {{IPA link|t}} | {{IPA link|c}} | {{IPA link|k}} | | {{IPA link|ʔ}} |
{{small|implosive}}
| {{IPA link|ɓ}} | {{IPA link|ɗ}} | {{IPA link|ʄ}} | | {{IPA link|ʛ}} | |
colspan="2" |Fricative
| {{IPA link|f}} | {{IPA link|s}} | {{IPA link|ʃ}} | | {{IPA link|χ}} | {{IPA link|h}} |
colspan="2" |Lateral
| | {{IPA link|l}} | | | | |
colspan="2" |Trill
| | {{IPA link|r}} | | | | |
colspan="2" |Glide
| {{IPA link|w}} | | {{IPA link|j}} | | | |
= Vowels =
Typical of a Cushitic language, Konso distinguishes five short and five long vowels:
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! !Back |
Close
| {{IPA link|i}} {{IPA link|iː}} | | {{IPA link|u}} {{IPA link|uː}} |
---|
Mid
| {{IPA link|e}} {{IPA link|eː}} | | {{IPA link|o}} {{IPA link|oː}} |
Open
| | {{IPA link|a}} {{IPA link|aː}} | |
See also
References
{{reflist}}
Literature on the Konso language
- {{Cite journal |last=Bliese |first=Loren |last2=Gignarta |first2=Sokka |date=1986 |title=Konso Exceptions to SOV (subject–object–verb) Typology |jstor=41965937 |journal=Journal of Ethiopian Studies |volume=19 |pages=1–40}}
- {{Cite thesis |last=Hellenthal |first=Anne-Christie |date=2004 |title=Some Morphosyntactic Aspects of the Konso Language |degree=MA |publisher=Leiden University}}
- {{Cite thesis |last=Orkaydo |first=Ongaye Oda |title=A grammar of Konso |date=2013 |degree=Ph.D. |publisher=Leiden University |url=https://www.lotpublications.nl/Documents/326_fulltext.pdf |hdl=1887/20681 |hdl-access=free}}
- Uusitalo, Mirjami (2007). Konso language. in Siegbert Uhlig (ed.), Encyclopaedia Aethiopica 3, 424-425. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
{{Languages of Ethiopia}}
{{Cushitic languages}}
Category:Languages of Ethiopia
Category:East Cushitic languages
{{AfroAsiatic-lang-stub}}
{{Ethiopia-stub}}