Kostroma Nuclear Power Plant

{{Infobox nuclear reactor

| name = Kostroma NPP

| concept = Water-moderated and water-cooled reactor

| generation = Generation III+ reactor

| reactor_line= VVER

| type_label = Reactor types

| type = 4 VVER-1200 reactors

| fuel_type = NU_SEU_LEU

| fuel_state = Solid

| spectrum = Thermal

| control = Control rods

| coolant = Liquid (light water)

| moderator = Water

| electric = 4800MW

| use = Generation of electricity

}}

Kostroma Nuclear Power Plant is a proposed, but as-yet non-existent nuclear power plant that was to be erected in the Buysky District, of Kostroma Oblast in Russia.

History

In the mid-1970s within the erstwhile Soviet Union, it was decided by the Soviet Council of Ministers under chairman Alexei Kosygin that a nuclear power plant would be constructed in Kostroma, using two RBMKP-2400 generation II reactor cores.Доллежаль Н. А. У истоков рукотворного мира: Записки конструктора — М.: Знание, 1989 — Трибуна академика — 256с.

Construction began in 1979, with several design changes made throughout; in the 1980s, Soviet planners decided to build two RBMK-1500 reactors instead. In the aftermath of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, the plant's design was again re-drawn to use VVER-1000 reactors.Луконин Н. Ф. Атомная энергетика СССР. Текущие проблемы и перспективы показателей АЭС. Журнал «Атомная энергия». Том 63, вып. 5. 1987 год. Электронная библиотека «История Росатома» — [http://elib.biblioatom.ru/text/atomnaya-energiya_t63-5_1987/go,4] All construction came to a complete stop in 1990, not long before the collapse of the Soviet Union. In the '90s, a proposal was made to build two VPBER-600 reactors (variants of the VVER-640 design){{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}, but the proposal never reached production stage.

On 8 December 1996, further construction was rejected by referendum with 87% voting against. By 1999, the Kostroma Regional Court and later Supreme Court of the Russian Federation ruled the Kostroma Oblast Duma decision to hold a referendum (date 25 April 1996, No. 278) illegal.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}

Per resolution No. 1574 of the Kostroma Oblast Duma, date 1 March 2007, all resolutions preventing construction were cancelled and, therefore, construction was to resume in earnest; on-site switchgear had already been installed that could handle up to 500kV.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}

Resumed construction efforts (2008)

On 14 October 2008, Kostroma's regional governor was presented with a Declaration of Intent to invest in the construction of two power units, signed by Rosatom State Corporation's then General Director, Sergey Kiriyenko.[https://archive.today/20130418000754/http://www.vedomosti.ru/newsline/index.shtml?2008/10/15/669317 Анастасия Денисова. Буйскую АЭС возродят] // Ведомости.ru, 15.10.2008 Public hearings held in 2009 discussed the potential environmental impact for power units No. 1 and 2 of the plant. Construction of the plant was also referenced by a government scheme to improve energy infrastructure within Russia, approved for construction until the year 2030 by order of the Russian government.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}

It was decided that the plant would be built in stages: between 2016 and 2020, two power units would be built using the VVER-1200 design with a capacity of 2300MW. Later, two additional units would have been installed for a total capacity of 4600MW.{{cite news|author =www.dp.ru со ссылкой на RIA Novosti и долгосрочную генеральную схему размещения объектов электроэнергетики|title =В России построят четыре АЭС|url =http://www.dp.ru/spb/news/energy/2008/03/13/263650/|publisher =Delovoy Peterburg |id={{ISSN|1606-1829}} |location=Санкт-Петербург|date = 13 March 2008}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}

Construction canceled again (2011)

By April 2011, Rosatom had received a license from Russian energy regulator Rostekhnadzor, authorising construction. In the end, Rosatom canceled all construction plans.{{cite web|url=http://eco.rian.ru/business/20110419/366036232.html|title="Росатом" в ближайшие годы не планирует строительство Центральной АЭС|author=|publisher=РИА Новости|accessdate=2011-05-11|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/665sZsfOT?url=http://eco.ria.ru/business/20110419/366036232.html|archivedate=2012-03-11|date=2011-04-19|url-status=live}}

To this day, the Kostroma Nuclear Power Plant has never been built.

References

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20071225112407/http://rosenergoatom.ru/rus/about/branches/branch6/about/ Kostroma nuclear plant discussed on Rosenergoatom website] (Russian language page)
Publication by Kirill Rubankov, titled [http://expert.ru/2008/10/15/atomkostroma/ Атомная радость] ("Atomic Bliss") (Russian language page) // «Expert Online» /15 окт 2008