Kryts language
{{Short description|Samur language of Azerbaijan}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Kryts
| altname = Kryc
| nativename = {{lang|kry|кърыцIаь мез}} {{tlit|kry|ġrəċä mez/qryc’ä mez}}
{{lang|kry|цIека meз}} {{tlit|kry|ċeka mez/c’eka mez}}
{{lang|kry|Йергуьж мез}}
| states = Azerbaijan
| region = Quba Rayon
| ethnicity = Kryts people
| speakers = 5,000
| date = 2007
| ref = e25
| familycolor = Caucasian
| fam1 = Northeast Caucasian
| fam2 = Lezgic
| fam3 = Samur
| fam4 = Southern Samur
| iso3 = kry
| glotto = kryt1240
| glottorefname = Kryz
| dia1 = Kryts
| dia2 = Jek
| dia3 = Khaput
| dia4 = {{ill|Yergyudzh language|lez|Ергуьж чӀал|lt=Yergyudzh}}
| dia5 = Alyk
| map2 = Lang Status 40-SE.svg
| mapcaption2 = {{center|{{small|Kryts is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?pg=00206 UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090222090430/http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?pg=00206 |date=22 February 2009 }} }}}}
| map = File:Northeast Caucasus languages map en.svg
| mapcaption = {{legend|#288AA1|Kryts}}
| pronunciation = {{IPA|[ɢrɨts’æ mɛz]}}
}}
Kryts (Kryc) is a Lezgic language of the Northeast Caucasian language family spoken in parts of the Quba Rayon of Azerbaijan by 6,000 people in 1975. Its dialects are Kryts, Jek, Khaput, {{ill|Yergyudzh language|lez|Ергуьж чӀал|lt=Yergyudzh}}, and Alyk, which are all quite distinct to the point of only partial mutual intelligibility, therefore they could also be considered separate languages in a dialect continuum.
Kryts is endangered,{{Cite web|url=http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/2508|title=Kryts|website=The Endangered Languages Project}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/languages-atlas/en/atlasmap/language-id-1055.html|title=UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger|website=UNESCO}} classified as "severely endangered" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.[http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?pg=00206 UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100217175902/http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?pg=00206 |date=February 17, 2010 }}
Phonology
= Consonants =
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" |Labial ! rowspan="2" |Alveolar ! rowspan="2" |Palatal ! colspan="3" |Velar ! colspan="3" |Uvular ! rowspan="2" |Pharyngeal/ ! rowspan="2" |Glottal |
plain
!lab. !pal. !plain !lab. !pal. |
---|
rowspan="3" |Stop
!voiceless |{{IPA link|p}} |{{IPA link|t}} | |{{IPA link|k}} |{{IPA link|kʷ}} |{{IPA link|kʲ}} |{{IPA link|q}} |{{IPA link|qʷ}} |{{IPA link|qʲ}} | |{{IPA link|ʔ}} |
ejective
|{{IPA link|pʼ}} |{{IPA link|tʼ}} | |{{IPA link|kʼ}} |{{IPA link|kʷʼ}} |{{IPA link|kʲʼ}} |{{IPA link|qʼ}} |{{IPA link|qʷʼ}} |{{IPA link|qʲʼ}} | | |
voiced
|{{IPA link|b}} |{{IPA link|d}} | |{{IPA link|ɡ}} |{{IPA link|ɡʷ}} | |({{IPA link|ɢ}}) | | | | |
rowspan="3" |Affricate
!voiceless | |({{IPA link|t͡s}}) |{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}} | | | | | | | | |
ejective
| |{{IPA link|t͡sʼ}} |{{IPA link|t͡ʃʼ}} | | | | | | | | |
voiced
| |({{IPA link|d͡z}}) |{{IPA link|d͡ʒ}} | | | | | | | | |
rowspan="2" |Fricative
!voiceless |{{IPA link|f}} |{{IPA link|s}} |{{IPA link|ʃ}} |{{IPA link|x}} | | |{{IPA link|χ}} | | |({{IPA link|ʜ}}) |{{IPA link|h}} |
voiced
|{{IPA link|v}} |{{IPA link|z}} |{{IPA link|ʒ}} |{{IPA link|ɣ}} | | |{{IPA link|ʁ}} |{{IPA link|ʁʷ}} | |{{IPA link|ʕ}} | |
colspan="2" |Nasal
|{{IPA link|m}} |{{IPA link|n}} | | | | | | | | | |
colspan="2" |Trill
| |{{IPA link|r}} | | | | | | | | | |
colspan="2" |Approximant
| |{{IPA link|l}} |{{IPA link|j}} | | | | | | | | |
- /ʁ/ may also be realized as [ɢ] or [qː], in complementary distribution.
- Sounds /t͡s, d͡z/ only occur in other dialects of the language.
- /h/ may vary from a glottal sound to an epiglottal fricative /ʜ/.
= Vowels =
Orthography
In 2020, a dictionary was published in the Khaput variety, using the Latin script.{{Cite book |url=https://www.academia.edu/44897737/Haput_Picture_Dictionary |title=Hərərə Mezınə Şikilbəzınə Luğət |isbn=978-9952-511-17-8 |trans-title=Picture Dictionary in the Haput Language}}
style="font-family:Arial Unicode MS; font-size:1.4em; border-color:#000000; border-width:1px; border-style:solid; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:#F8F8EF"
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |A a | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |B b | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |C c | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ç ç | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ç' ç' | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |D d | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |E e | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ә ә | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |F f | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |G g | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ğ ğ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ğ' ğ' |
style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |H h
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |H' h' | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ĥ ĥ | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |X x | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |X' x' | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |J j | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |İ i | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |I ı | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |K k | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |K' k' | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Q q | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Q' q' |
style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Q̂ q̂
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |L l | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |M m | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |N n | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |O o | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ö ö | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |P p | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |P' p' | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |R r | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |S s | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ş ş | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |S' s' |
style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |T t
| style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |U u | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Ü ü | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |V v | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Y y | style="width:3em; text-align:center; padding: 3px;" |Z z |
References
- {{cite book |last=Authier |first=Gilles |year=2009 |title=Grammaire kryz |location=Leuven |publisher=Peeters |series=Collection Linguistique (Société de linguistique de Paris) |volume=93 |isbn=9789042923157}}
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?root=new100&morpho=0&basename=new100\ncc\lez&first=0 Kryts basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database]
{{Languages of Azerbaijan}}
{{Northeast Caucasian languages}}
{{Languages of the Caucasus}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kryts Language}}
Category:Northeast Caucasian languages
Category:Languages of Azerbaijan
Category:Endangered Caucasian languages
{{NEC-lang-stub}}