Kurt Rieth

Rieth was born on 28 February 1881 in Antwerp, where he lived until World War I. He was the son of Heinrich Rieth (1844–1918), an importer of Russian oil for Belgium, the Netherlands and southern Germany.

Rieth studied in Germany, England and Belgium, ultimately receiving his juris doctor.{{cite book |last1=Killy |first1=Walther |last2=Vierhaus |first2=Rudolf |title=Dictionary of German Biography (DGB).: Plett-Schmidseder. Volume 8 |date=30 November 2011 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-096630-5 |page=356 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Dictionary_of_German_Biography_DGB/JkoK_108xJkC&pg=PT356 |access-date=2 February 2024 |language=en}}

When Belgium was occupied by the troops of the German Empire during World War I, Rieth worked in the occupation administration. Between 1915 and 1918, he was employed in the political department of the Imperial German General Government of Belgium.

From 1919 to 1921, he was chargé d'affaires in Darmstadt and, from 1920, authorized representative of the Weimar Republic. He then worked at the Embassy in Rome until 1924. In 1923 he was appointed counselor. Between 1924 and 1931 he was counselor of the Embassy in Paris.{{cite book |last1=Fischer |first1=Conan |title=A Vision of Europe: Franco-German Relations During the Great Depression, 1929-1932 |date=2017 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-967629-3 |page=78 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_Vision_of_Europe/Y1vjDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA78 |access-date=2 February 2024 |language=en}}

From April 1931 to August 1934, he was German Ambassador in Vienna (as successor to Hugo von Lerchenfeld and predecessor to Franz von Papen), taking part, among other things, in the consecration of the Kufstein Hero Organ on 3 May 1931. On 25 July 1934, during the July Putsch, Odo Neustädter-Stürmer, Emil Fey and Franz Holzweber negotiated with Rieth to withdraw from the Federal Chancellery in Vienna. In 1935 he was temporarily retired.{{cite news |last1=Tribune |first1=International Herald |title=1941: Nazi Agent in the U.S. |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/iht-retrospective.blogs.nytimes.com/2016/05/23/1941-nazi-agent-in-the-u-s/ |access-date=2 February 2024 |work=IHT Retrospective Blog |date=23 May 2016 |language=en}}

In March 1941, Rieth landed in Rio de Janeiro from Rome and flew to the southern United States in May 1941. In New York City, Rieth held negotiations with Walter C. Teagle, chairman of the board of the Standard Oil Company.{{cite news |title=DR. RIETH DISAVOWS ANY NAZI MISSION; Reported Seeking to Buy U.S. Oil Concerns in Europe at Distress Prices CONGRESS INQUIRY SOUGHT German Diplomatic Agent Is Said to Have Posed Here as Friend of W.C. Teagle |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/05/25/archives/dr-rieth-disavows-any-nazi-mission-reported-seeking-to-buy-us-oil.html |access-date=2 February 2024 |work=The New York Times |date=25 May 1941}}{{cite news |title=DR. RIETH SEIZED; 'NO. 1 NAZI IN U.S.' HELD WITHOUT BAIL; Deportation Warrant Accuses Ex-Diplomat of Entering the Country Illegally HE GOES TO ELLIS ISLAND Embassy Insists His Business Was 'Personal,' but Justice Officials Say It Was Not Dr. Rieth, 'No. 1 Nazi' in U.S., Arrested; Held Without Bail for Deportation Action |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/05/30/archives/dr-rieth-seized-no-1-nazi-in-us-held-without-bail-deportation.html |access-date=2 February 2024 |work=The New York Times |date=30 May 1941}} Following a tip from William Samuel Clouston Stanger, Rieth was arrested in his quite at the Waldorf Astoria and interned at Ellis Island and deported by the U.S. Bureau of Immigration in early June 1941.{{cite news |title=DR. RIETH TO GET HEARING Deportation Proceedings for 'No. 1 Nazi' Set for Thursday |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/07/08/archives/dr-rieth-to-get-hearing-deportation-proceedings-for-no-1-nazi-set.html |access-date=2 February 2024 |work=The New York Times |date=July 8, 1941 |page=11}}{{cite news |title=DEPORTATION HEARING FOR DR. RIETH PUT OFF; Possible Exchange for News Men Held in Germany Seen |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/07/11/archives/deportation-hearing-for-dr-rieth-put-off-possible-exchange-for-news.html |access-date=2 February 2024 |work=The New York Times |date=11 July 1941}} In July 1941, Rieth and two others were exchanged for Americans held by the Nazis (Jay Allen of the North American Newspaper Alliance and Richard C. Hottelet of the United Press).{{cite news |title=3 NAZIS EXCHANGED FOR U. S. NEWS MEN Rieth, Zapp, Tonn Reported Free to Sail Today on Navy Ship With Axis Consuls |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/07/15/archives/3-nazis-exchanged-for-u-s-news-men-rieth-zapp-tonn-reported-free-to.html |access-date=2 February 2024 |work=The New York Times |date=July 15, 1941 |page=1}}

On June 14, 1940, Spanish troops occupied the Tangier International Zone. As a result, the Germans set up a consulate with around 50 diplomats, which Rieth served as acting director after his deportation from the United States. At the beginning of February 1944, the German consulate in Tangier was closed by Spanish occupation authorities under Luis Orgaz Yoldi.{{cite book |last1=Doerries |first1=Reinhard R. |title=Hitler's Last Chief of Foreign Intelligence: Allied Interrogations of Walter Schellenberg |date=23 November 2004 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-135-77289-5 |page=98 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Hitler_s_Last_Chief_of_Foreign_Intellige/8kuQAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA98 |access-date=2 February 2024 |language=en}} In {{circa|1953}}, he received a reparation notice in which he was officially titled as a retired Ambassador.{{cite book |last1=Pauley |first1=Bruce F. |title=From Prejudice to Persecution: A History of Austrian Anti-Semitism |date=9 November 2000 |publisher=Univ of North Carolina Press |isbn=978-0-8078-6376-3 |page=369 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/From_Prejudice_to_Persecution/MNBFAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA369 |access-date=2 February 2024 |language=en}}

Rieth died on 4 February 1969 in Frankfurt am Main.{{cite book |last1=Reed |first1=Vivian |title=An American in Europe at War and Peace: Hugh S. Gibson's Chronicles, 1918-1919 |date=23 November 2020 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG |isbn=978-3-11-067227-5 |page=721 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/An_American_in_Europe_at_War_and_Peace/DBQrEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA721 |access-date=2 February 2024 |language=en}}

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Category:1881 births

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Category:Diplomats in the Nazi Party