Kveim test

{{Infobox diagnostic

| Name = Kveim test

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| MeshID = D007731

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| Synonyms = Kveim-Siltzbach test

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The Kveim test, Nickerson-Kveim or Kveim-Siltzbach test is a skin test used to detect sarcoidosis, where part of a spleen from a patient with known sarcoidosis is injected into the skin of a patient suspected to have the disease. If non caseating granulomas are found (four to six weeks later), the test is positive. If the patient has been on treatment (e.g., glucocorticoids), the test may return a false negative result. The test is not commonly performed, and in the UK no substrate has been available since 1996. There is a concern that certain infections, such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, could be transferred through a Kveim test.{{Cite GPnotebook|-389021680|Kveim test}}

It is named for the Norwegian pathologist Morten Ansgar Kveim, who first reported the test in 1941 using lymph node tissue from sarcoidosis patients.{{cite journal|author=Kveim MA|title=En ny og spesifikk kutan-reaksjon ved Boecks sarcoid. En foreløpig meddelelse|language=Norwegian|journal=Nordisk Medicin|year=1941|volume=9|pages=169–172}}{{WhoNamedIt|synd|556}} It was popularised by the American physician Louis Siltzbach, who introduced a modified form using spleen tissue in 1954.{{cite journal |vauthors=Siltzbach LE, Ehrlich JC |title=The Nickerson-Kveim reaction in sarcoidosis |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=16 |issue=6 |pages=790–803 |year=1954 |pmid=13158367 |doi=10.1016/0002-9343(54)90443-X}} Kveim's work was a refinement of earlier studies performed by Nickerson, who in 1935 first reported on skin reactions in sarcoid.{{cite journal|vauthors=Williams R, Nickerson D |year=1935|title=Skin reactions in sarcoid|journal=Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. |volume=33|issue=3|pages=402–405|doi=10.3181/00379727-33-8388P|s2cid=86958986 }}

A Kveim test may be used to distinguish sarcoidosis from conditions with otherwise indistinguishable symptoms such as berylliosis.{{Cite journal

|title=The uses and adverse effects of beryllium on health

|journal=Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

|first1=Ross G. |last1=Cooper

|first2=Adrian P. |last2=Harrison

|date=August 2009

|volume=13 |issue=2

|pages=65–76

|doi=10.4103/0019-5278.55122

|pmc=2847329

|pmid=20386622

|doi-access=free

}}