Kyllikki (Sibelius)

{{Infobox musical composition

| name = {{lang|fi|Kyllikki}}

| type = Piano solos

| composer = {{nowrap|Jean Sibelius}}

| image = Jean Sibelius 1905.tif

| image_upright = .8

| caption = The composer ({{c.|1905}})

| border = Yes

| opus = 41

| movements = 3

| composed = {{start date|1904}}

| publisher = Breitkopf & Härtel (1906){{sfn|Dahlström|2003|p=194}}

| duration = 10.5 mins{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|pp=193–194}}

}}

{{lang|fi|Kyllikki}} (subtitled "Three Lyric Pieces"; in German: "{{lang|de|Drei lyrische Stücke|italics=no}}"),{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|p=193}} Op. 41, is a three-movement suite for piano written in September 1904{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|p=194}} by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius. Although the title is taken from the Kalevala, Finland's national epic, Sibelius denied that the piece was programmatic in nature.{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|p=194}} ({{ill|Kyllikki|fi|display=1}} is a maiden who appears in Runos XI–XII.)

History

{{multiple image

|align=right

|direction=horizontal

|total_width=360

|image1=EJärnefelt 1892sketch Sibelius (cropped, adjusted).jpg

|width1=180|height1=200

|caption1=An 1892 sketch of Sibelius at the piano by his future brother-in-law Eero Järnefelt

|image2=Jean Sibelius 1927 Ainola Steinway piano.jpg

|width2=180|height2=200

|caption2=Sibelius (1927) plays the Steinway grand piano at his home, Ainola.}}

In September 1904 found Sibelius beset by dual distractions. First, he worried that he was beginning to go deaf (as he wrote to his patron, {{ill|Axel Carpelan|fi}}, "My hearing is very bad ... As far as the new works I am working on are concerned, I rely on the inner ear ...") and he even admitted himself to a private clinic). Moreover, construction on Sibelius's new home in Järvenpää (subsequently named Ainola after his wife, Aino) was nearing completion and the family was preparing to move in at the end of the month.{{sfn|Tawaststjerna|2008|p=20}} Nevertheless, Sibelius was in a good mood ("I have sunny thoughts".) and experienced a creative surge: he had begun work two major projects, the Third Symphony (Op. 52, 1904–1907) and the incidental music to {{lang|fr|Pelléas et Mélisande}} (JS 147/Op. 46, 1904–1905) for a production at the Swedish Theatre of Maurice Maeterlinck's 1893 play. Moreover, around 22 September he finished work on a three-movement piano piece called {{lang|fi|Kyllikki}}.{{sfn|Tawaststjerna|2008|p=20}}

Structure and music

The work consists of three movements:

{{ordered list|list_style_type=upper-roman

|Largamente{{spaced ndash}}Allegro

|Andantino

|Comodo}}

Musically, Robert Layton argues that {{lang|fi|Kyllikki}} "speaks much the same harmonic language as the Second Symphony and the Violin Concerto".{{sfn|Layton|1993|p=191}} The Sibelius biographer Andrew Barnett, too, emphasizes the suite's "Kalevala romanticism"—indeed, the "end of a stylistic" in the composer's output for piano.{{sfn|Barnett|2007|p=165}}

Reception

File:Erik-Tawaststjerna-1962 (cropped).jpg, who authored seminal biography on Sibelius, was an early, vocal advocate for many of the composer's piano pieces.]]

Layton, however, dismisses {{lang|fi|Kyllikki}} as "on the whole ... an unsuccessful piece with few attractions ... the actual paint writing is, by the exhalted standards Sibelius himself set elsewhere, limited in resource".{{sfn|Layton|1993|pp=191–192}}

Discography

The American pianist David Rubenstein made the world premiere studio recording of {{lang|fi|Kyllikki}} in 1971 for the Musical Heritage Society.{{sfn|Dahlström|2003|p=194}} The table below lists this and other commercially available recordings:

class="wikitable" style="margin-right:0; font-size:95%" !scope="col"\|{{abbr\|No.\|Chronological number}} !scope="col"\|Pianist !scope="col"\|Time !scope="col"\|{{abbr\|Rec.\|Year of recording}}{{efn\|Refers to the year in which the performers recorded the work; this may not be the same as the year in which the recording was first released to the general public.}} !scope="col"\|Recording venue !scope="col"\|Label !scope="col"class="unsortable"\|{{abbr\|Ref.\|References}}
scope="row"\|1 \|{{sort\|Rubenstein\|David Rubenstein}} \|11:44 \|{{c.\|1971}} \| \|Musical Heritage Society \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.discogs.com/release/11736355-Jean-Sibelius-David-Rubenstein-Piano-Music D. Rubenstein–Musical Heritage Society (MHS 1218) 1977]}}}}
scope="row"\|2 \|{{sort\|Tateno\|Izumi Tateno}} \|10:20 \| \| \|Toshiba \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.discogs.com/release/10959315-Izumi-Tateno-The-Piano-Literature-Of-Finland I. Tateno–Toshiba (TA–60001) 1975]}}}}
scope="row"\|3 \|{{sort\|Gould\|Glenn Gould}} \|12:24 \|1977 \|Eaton's Auditorium \|Sony Classical \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.discogs.com/release/8220614-Glenn-Gould-Grieg-Bizet-Sibelius-Grieg-Piano-Sonata-Op-7-Bizet-Premier-Nocturne-Variations-Chromatiq G. Gould–Sony Classical ({{nowrap\|SM2K 52 654}}) 2002]}}}}
scope="row"\|4 \|{{sort\|Tawaststjerna\|Erik T. Tawaststjerna}} \|10:59 \|1979 \|{{ill\|Nacka Auditorium\|lt=Nacka Aula\|sv\|Nacka musikskola}}, Nacka \|BIS \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/7937708--sibelius-the-complete-original-piano-music-volume-1 E. Tawaststjerna–BIS (CD–153) 1987]}}}}
scope="row"\|5 \|{{sort\|Postnikova\|Viktoria Postnikova}} \|11:49 \| \| \|Melodiya \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.discogs.com/release/12420172-Jean-Sibelius-Victoria-Postnikova-Three-Sonatinas-Kyllikki-Three-Lyric-Pieces-Три-Сонатин V. Postnikova–Melodiya (С10–22413/4) 1985]}}}}
scope="row"\|6 \|{{sort\|Servadei\|{{ill\|Annette Servadei\|ja\|アンネッテ・サーヴァデイ}}}} \|12:09 \|1993 \|St George's Church, Brandon Hill \|Olympia \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.discogs.com/release/7915790-Sibelius-Annette-Servadei-Complete-Piano-Music-Volume-Three A. Servadei–Olympia (OCD 633) 1997]}}}}
scope="row"\|7 \|{{sort\|Viitasalo\|{{ill\|Marita Viitasalo\|fi}}}} \|11:41 \|1994 \|{{ill\|Järvenpää Hall\|fi\|Järvenpää-talo}} \|Finlandia \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.discogs.com/release/15246038-Sibelius-Marita-Viitasalo-Piano-Works-Piano-Sonata-Rondinos-Kyllikki-Finlandia M. Viitasalo–Finlandia (4509–98984–2) 1995]}}}}
scope="row"\|8 \|{{sort\|Gothoni\|Ralf Gothoni}} \|12:09 \|1995 \|{{ill\|Järvenpää Hall\|fi\|Järvenpää-talo}} \|Ondine \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/8017780--sibelius-piano-music R. Gothóni–Ondine (ODE 847–2) 1995]}}}}
scope="row"\|9 \|{{sort\|Lauriala\|Risto Lauriala}} \|11:01 \|1995 \|{{ill\|Järvenpää Hall\|fi\|Järvenpää-talo}} \|Naxos \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/7952556--sibelius-piano-music-selection R. Lauriala–Naxos (8.553661) 1996]}}}}
scope="row"\|10 \|{{sort\|Gimse\|Håvard Gimse}} \|12:26 \|1999 \|St Martin's Church, East Woodhay \|Naxos \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/7951760--sibelius-piano-music-vol-2 H. Gimse–Naxos (8.554808) 2000]}}}}
scope="row"\|11 \|{{sort\|Heinonen\|{{ill\|Eero Heinonen (pianist)\|lt=Eero Heinonen\|fi\|Eero Heinonen (pianisti)}}}} \|11:00 \|1999 \|YLE M2 Studio, Helsinki \|Finlandia \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.discogs.com/release/16752150-Eero-Heinonen-2-Sibelius-Published-Original-Works-for-Piano-Complete-Edition E. Heinonen–Finlandia (8573–80776–2) 2000]}}}}
scope="row"\|12 \|{{sort\|Watanabe\|Kikuo Watanabe}} \| \|2003 \|Tokyo Bunka Kaikan \|Exton \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://ml.naxos.jp/work/7361628 K. Watanabe–Exton (OVCX–00009) 2004]}}}}
scope="row"\|13 \|{{sort\|Dubé\|Jean Dubé}} \|11:30 \|2004 \|Studio Spidam, Passavant, Doubs \|Syrius \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://musicbrainz.org/release/9a627852-0049-46b6-b604-806d4e147815 J. Dubé–Syrius (SYR 141386) 2004]}}}}
scope="row"\|14 \|{{sort\|Vaulin\|Alexander Vaulin}} \|11:52 \|2004 \|Bach Recording, Copenhagen \|Classico \|{{center\|{{efn\|[http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2006/may06/Scandanavian_Piano2_CLASSCD493.htm A. Vaulin–Classico (CLASSCD 493) 2004]}}}}
scope="row"\|15 \|{{sort\|Gräsbeck\|{{ill\|Folke Gräsbeck\|fi}}}} \|10:26 \|2007 \|{{ill\|Kuusankoski Concert Hall\|fi\|Kuusankoskitalo}} \|BIS \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/7963768--the-sibelius-edition-volume-4-piano-music-i F. Gräsbeck–BIS (CD–1909/11) 2008]}}}}
scope="row"\|16 \|{{sort\|Tong\|Joseph Tong}} \|11:38 \|2014 \|Jacqueline Du Pré Music Building \|Quartz \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/8063430--sibelius-piano-works-vol-1 J. Tong–Quartz (QTZ 2111) 2015]}}}}
scope="row"\|17 \|{{sort\|Mertanen\|Janne Mertanen}} \|11:01 \|2015 \|[{{em\|Unknown}}], Helsinki \|Sony Classical \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.discogs.com/release/9408827-Janne-Mertanen-Sibelius-Sibelius-Piano-Works J. Mertanen–Sony Classics (888751614222) 2015]}}}}
scope="row"\|18 \|{{sort\|Andsnes\|Leif Ove Andsnes}} \| \|2016 \|Teldex Studio, Berlin \|Sony Classical \|{{center\|{{efn\|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/8357714--sibelius-piano-works L. Andsnes–Sony Classical (88985408502) 2017]}}}}

class="wikitable" style="margin-right:0; font-size:95%"

!scope="col"|{{abbr|No.|Chronological number}}

!scope="col"|Pianist

!scope="col"|Time

!scope="col"|{{abbr|Rec.|Year of recording}}{{efn|Refers to the year in which the performers recorded the work; this may not be the same as the year in which the recording was first released to the general public.}}

!scope="col"|Recording venue

!scope="col"|Label

!scope="col"class="unsortable"|{{abbr|Ref.|References}}

scope="row"|1

|{{sort|Rubenstein|David Rubenstein}}

|11:44

|{{c.|1971}}

|Musical Heritage Society

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.discogs.com/release/11736355-Jean-Sibelius-David-Rubenstein-Piano-Music D. Rubenstein–Musical Heritage Society (MHS 1218) 1977]}}}}

scope="row"|2

|{{sort|Tateno|Izumi Tateno}}

|10:20

|Toshiba

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.discogs.com/release/10959315-Izumi-Tateno-The-Piano-Literature-Of-Finland I. Tateno–Toshiba (TA–60001) 1975]}}}}

scope="row"|3

|{{sort|Gould|Glenn Gould}}

|12:24

|1977

|Eaton's Auditorium

|Sony Classical

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.discogs.com/release/8220614-Glenn-Gould-Grieg-Bizet-Sibelius-Grieg-Piano-Sonata-Op-7-Bizet-Premier-Nocturne-Variations-Chromatiq G. Gould–Sony Classical ({{nowrap|SM2K 52 654}}) 2002]}}}}

scope="row"|4

|{{sort|Tawaststjerna|Erik T. Tawaststjerna}}

|10:59

|1979

|{{ill|Nacka Auditorium|lt=Nacka Aula|sv|Nacka musikskola}}, Nacka

|BIS

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/7937708--sibelius-the-complete-original-piano-music-volume-1 E. Tawaststjerna–BIS (CD–153) 1987]}}}}

scope="row"|5

|{{sort|Postnikova|Viktoria Postnikova}}

|11:49

|Melodiya

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.discogs.com/release/12420172-Jean-Sibelius-Victoria-Postnikova-Three-Sonatinas-Kyllikki-Three-Lyric-Pieces-Три-Сонатин V. Postnikova–Melodiya (С10–22413/4) 1985]}}}}

scope="row"|6

|{{sort|Servadei|{{ill|Annette Servadei|ja|アンネッテ・サーヴァデイ}}}}

|12:09

|1993

|St George's Church, Brandon Hill

|Olympia

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.discogs.com/release/7915790-Sibelius-Annette-Servadei-Complete-Piano-Music-Volume-Three A. Servadei–Olympia (OCD 633) 1997]}}}}

scope="row"|7

|{{sort|Viitasalo|{{ill|Marita Viitasalo|fi}}}}

|11:41

|1994

|{{ill|Järvenpää Hall|fi|Järvenpää-talo}}

|Finlandia

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.discogs.com/release/15246038-Sibelius-Marita-Viitasalo-Piano-Works-Piano-Sonata-Rondinos-Kyllikki-Finlandia M. Viitasalo–Finlandia (4509–98984–2) 1995]}}}}

scope="row"|8

|{{sort|Gothoni|Ralf Gothoni}}

|12:09

|1995

|{{ill|Järvenpää Hall|fi|Järvenpää-talo}}

|Ondine

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/8017780--sibelius-piano-music R. Gothóni–Ondine (ODE 847–2) 1995]}}}}

scope="row"|9

|{{sort|Lauriala|Risto Lauriala}}

|11:01

|1995

|{{ill|Järvenpää Hall|fi|Järvenpää-talo}}

|Naxos

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/7952556--sibelius-piano-music-selection R. Lauriala–Naxos (8.553661) 1996]}}}}

scope="row"|10

|{{sort|Gimse|Håvard Gimse}}

|12:26

|1999

|St Martin's Church, East Woodhay

|Naxos

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/7951760--sibelius-piano-music-vol-2 H. Gimse–Naxos (8.554808) 2000]}}}}

scope="row"|11

|{{sort|Heinonen|{{ill|Eero Heinonen (pianist)|lt=Eero Heinonen|fi|Eero Heinonen (pianisti)}}}}

|11:00

|1999

|YLE M2 Studio, Helsinki

|Finlandia

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.discogs.com/release/16752150-Eero-Heinonen-2-Sibelius-Published-Original-Works-for-Piano-Complete-Edition E. Heinonen–Finlandia (8573–80776–2) 2000]}}}}

scope="row"|12

|{{sort|Watanabe|Kikuo Watanabe}}

|2003

|Tokyo Bunka Kaikan

|Exton

|{{center|{{efn|[https://ml.naxos.jp/work/7361628 K. Watanabe–Exton (OVCX–00009) 2004]}}}}

scope="row"|13

|{{sort|Dubé|Jean Dubé}}

|11:30

|2004

|Studio Spidam, Passavant, Doubs

|Syrius

|{{center|{{efn|[https://musicbrainz.org/release/9a627852-0049-46b6-b604-806d4e147815 J. Dubé–Syrius (SYR 141386) 2004]}}}}

scope="row"|14

|{{sort|Vaulin|Alexander Vaulin}}

|11:52

|2004

|Bach Recording, Copenhagen

|Classico

|{{center|{{efn|[http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2006/may06/Scandanavian_Piano2_CLASSCD493.htm A. Vaulin–Classico (CLASSCD 493) 2004]}}}}

scope="row"|15

|{{sort|Gräsbeck|{{ill|Folke Gräsbeck|fi}}}}

|10:26

|2007

|{{ill|Kuusankoski Concert Hall|fi|Kuusankoskitalo}}

|BIS

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/7963768--the-sibelius-edition-volume-4-piano-music-i F. Gräsbeck–BIS (CD–1909/11) 2008]}}}}

scope="row"|16

|{{sort|Tong|Joseph Tong}}

|11:38

|2014

|Jacqueline Du Pré Music Building

|Quartz

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/8063430--sibelius-piano-works-vol-1 J. Tong–Quartz (QTZ 2111) 2015]}}}}

scope="row"|17

|{{sort|Mertanen|Janne Mertanen}}

|11:01

|2015

|[{{em|Unknown}}], Helsinki

|Sony Classical

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.discogs.com/release/9408827-Janne-Mertanen-Sibelius-Sibelius-Piano-Works J. Mertanen–Sony Classics (888751614222) 2015]}}}}

scope="row"|18

|{{sort|Andsnes|Leif Ove Andsnes}}

|2016

|Teldex Studio, Berlin

|Sony Classical

|{{center|{{efn|[https://www.prestomusic.com/classical/products/8357714--sibelius-piano-works L. Andsnes–Sony Classical (88985408502) 2017]}}}}

Notes, references, and sources

;{{large|Notes}}

;{{large|References}}

;{{large|Sources}}

{{cite book|last1=Barnett|first1=Andrew|year=2007|title=Sibelius|location=New Haven|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-11159-0}}
{{cite book|last=Dahlström|first=Fabian|author-link=:sv:Fabian Dahlström|title=Jean Sibelius: Thematisch-bibliographisches Verzeichnis seiner Werke|trans-title=Jean Sibelius: A Thematic Bibliographic Index of His Works|date=2003|publisher=Breitkopf & Härtel|location=Wiesbaden|language=de|isbn=3-7651-0333-0}}
{{cite book|last=Layton|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Layton (musicologist)|title=Sibelius|edition=4th|series=(The Master Musicians Series)|date=1993|orig-date=1965|location=New York|publisher=Schirmer Books|isbn=0028713222}}
{{cite book|first=Erik|last=Tawaststjerna|author-link=Erik Tawaststjerna|title=Sibelius: Volume I, 1865–1905|date=2008|orig-date=1965/1967; {{abr|trans.|translation}} 1976|translator-first=Robert|translator-last=Layton|translator-link=Robert Layton (musicologist)|location=London|publisher=Faber and Faber|isbn=978-0-571-24772-1}}

External links

{{IMSLP2|work=Kyllikki,_Op.41_(Sibelius,_Jean)|cname=Kyllikki, Op. 41}}

Category:Piano music by Jean Sibelius

Category:Suites by Jean Sibelius

Category:1904 compositions