LC1 (classification)

In 2000, BBC Sport defined this classification as "Amputee, Spinal Cord Injury and Les Autre competitors compete within the classification groupings LC1 - essentially for riders with upper limb disabilities,"{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/olympics2000/paralympics/959701.stm|access-date=9 April 2012|title=Making sense of the categories|publisher=BBC Sport|location=United Kingdom|date=6 October 2000}} In 2008, BBC Sport defined this classification was "LC1: Riders with upper limb disabilities" In 2008, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation defined this classification was "Locomotor Disabilities (LC): Cyclists with a physical disability compete in four classes - LC1, LC2, LC3, LC4 - based on functional ability, with separate events for men and women."{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/09/03/2354016.htm?site=paralympics/2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080912225056/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/09/03/2354016.htm?site=paralympics/2008|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 12, 2008|title=Paralympics categories explained|first=Andrew |last=McGarry|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|access-date=9 April 2012|date=3 September 2008}} The Australian Paralympic Education Program defined this classification in 2012 as: "Riders with upper limb disabilities" This class includes people from the ISOD A8 class.{{Cite journal|last=Bressan|first=ES|date=2008|title=Striving for fairness in Paralympic sport-Support from applied sport science|url=http://www.cmej.org.za/index.php/cmej/article/view/780|journal=Continuing Medical Education|volume=26 |issue=7 |page=335 }}

{{See also|Amputee sports classification|}}

{{See also|A6 (classification)|A7 (classification)|A8 (classification)}}

File:ISOD_A8_amputee_sportperson_profile.png

File:ISOD_A7_amputee_sportperson_profile.png

One of the groups of people competing in this class is people with upper limb amputations from ISOD A5, A6, A7 and A8 classes. The nature of a person's amputations in this class can effect their physiology and sports performance. Because they are missing a limb, amputees are more prone to overuse injuries in their remaining limbs. Common problems for intact upper limbs for people in this class include rotator cuffs tearing, shoulder impingement, epicondylitis and peripheral nerve entrapment.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iZRtAwAAQBAJ|title=DeLee & Drez's Orthopaedic Sports Medicine|last1=Miller|first1=Mark D.|last2=Thompson|first2=Stephen R.|date=2014-04-04|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9781455742219|language=en}}

Cycling first became a Paralympic sport at the 1988 Summer Paralympics.{{cite web|url=http://www.paralympiceducation.org.au/primary/cycling|publisher=Australian Paralympic Committee|title=Cycling|year=2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814210814/http://www.paralympiceducation.org.au/primary/cycling|archive-date=2016-08-14}} In September 2006, governance for para-cycling passed from the International Paralympic Committee's International Cycling Committee to UCI at a meeting in Switzerland. When this happened, the responsibility of classifying the sport also changed.{{cite web|access-date=14 June 2012|url=http://www.cycling.org.au/?Page=7751|title=Para-cycling High Performance|publisher=Cycling Australia|location=Australia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615060403/http://www.cycling.org.au/?Page=7751|archive-date=15 June 2012|url-status=dead}}

For the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio, the International Paralympic Committee had a zero classification at the Games policy. This policy was put into place in 2014, with the goal of avoiding last minute changes in classes that would negatively impact athlete training preparations. All competitors needed to be internationally classified with their classification status confirmed prior to the Games, with exceptions to this policy being dealt with on a case-by-case basis.{{Cite web|url=https://www.paralympic.org/sites/default/files/document/160404093217097_Classification+Guide+-+updated+version_0.pdf|title=Rio 2016 Classification Guide|date=March 2016|website=International Paralympic Committee|access-date=July 22, 2016}}

Events for this classification include the 1 km Time Trial.{{cite web|url=http://www.paralympics.org.uk/sports/cycling|access-date=9 April 2012|publisher=British Paralympic Association|title=Cycling}}

File:75 ACPS Atlanta 1996 Cycling Paul Lake.jpg won a silver medal in the LC1 omnium event on the track at the 1996 Summer Paralympics]]

LC1 competitors include Mark Bristow from Great Britain who has won a gold medal at the Paralympics.

Below are some historical world records for this classification in the 200m men's Indoor track / Flying start.{{cite web|url=http://www.uci.ch/Modules/BUILTIN/getObject.asp?MenuId=MTI1Mzc&ObjTypeCode=FILE&type=FILE&id=MzE5MTM&LangId=1|access-date=14 June 2012|title=Para-Cycling Track World Records Historical|publisher=UCI|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120802064414/http://www.uci.ch/Modules/BUILTIN/getObject.asp?MenuId=MTI1Mzc&ObjTypeCode=FILE&type=FILE&id=MzE5MTM&LangId=1|archive-date=2 August 2012}}

Classification is handled by Union Cycliste Internationale.{{cite web|url=http://www.london2012.com/documents/locog-publications/london-2012-guide-to-the-paralympic-games.pdf|year=2011|access-date=9 April 2012|title=Guide to the Paralympic Games – Appendix 1|page=42|publisher=London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426013020/http://www.london2012.com/documents/locog-publications/london-2012-guide-to-the-paralympic-games.pdf|archive-date=26 April 2012}} Classification generally has four phase. The first stage of classification is a health examination. For amputees, this is often done on site at a sports training facility or competition. The second stage is observation in practice, the third stage is observation in competition and the last stage is assigning the sportsperson to a relevant class.{{Cite journal|last1=Tweedy|first1=Sean M.|last2=Beckman|first2=Emma M.|last3=Connick|first3=Mark J.|date=August 2014|title=Paralympic Classification: Conceptual Basis, Current Methods, and Research Update|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264789786|journal=Paralympic Sports Medicine and Science|volume=6|issue=85|pages=S11-7|doi=10.1016/j.pmrj.2014.04.013|pmid=25134747|s2cid=207403462|access-date=July 25, 2016}} Sometimes the health examination may not be done on site because the nature of the amputation could cause not physically visible alterations to the body.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JnP_ZJUUdPwC|title=The Paralympic Games: Empowerment Or Side Show?|last1=Gilbert|first1=Keith|last2=Schantz|first2=Otto J.|last3=Schantz|first3=Otto|date=2008-01-01|publisher=Meyer & Meyer Verlag|isbn=9781841262659|language=en}}

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{{Para-cycling classifications}}{{Amputee sport classification}}

Category:Amputee sports classifications

Category:Les Autres sports classifications

Category:Para-cycling classification