LC3 (codec)#LC3plus
{{Short description|Audio codec specified by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) for the LE Audio audio protocol}}
{{Infobox file format
| name = LC3
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| genre = Audio
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| extended to = LC3plus
| standard = Bluetooth 5.2 LE
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{{Infobox file format
| name = LC3plus
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|_nomimecode = true
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| genre = Audio
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| standard = ETSI TS 103 634
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LC3 (Low Complexity Communication Codec) is an audio codec specified by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) for the LE Audio audio protocol introduced in Bluetooth 5.2.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bluetooth.com/learn-about-bluetooth/bluetooth-technology/le-audio/|title=LE Audio|website=Bluetooth Technology Website|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-08}} It's developed by Fraunhofer IIS and Ericsson as the successor of the SBC codec.{{Cite web|url=https://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/ff/amm/communication/lc3.html|title=LC3 / LC3plus|website=Fraunhofer IIS|access-date=2020-01-10}} Mono only LC3-SBW is also supported over Bluetooth Classic HFP 1.9, improving on mSBC. It is possible to send 4 LC3 streams to LE audio earbuds, like Samsung's Buds2 Pro.
Codec
LC3 provides higher audio quality and better packet loss concealment than SBC, G.722 and Opus, according to subjective testing by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group and ETSI.{{Cite web|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/15349/bluetooth-sig-announces-le-audio-standard-new-baseline-for-next-decade|title=CES 2020: Bluetooth SIG Announces LE Audio Standard: New Baseline For Next Decade|last=Frumusanu|first=Andrei|website=www.anandtech.com|access-date=2020-01-08}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.androidauthority.com/bluetooth-lc3-codec-1071609/|title=New Bluetooth codec improves sound quality, benefits the hearing impaired|date=2020-01-07|website=Android Authority|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-08}}{{Cite web|title=Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Study of Super Wideband Codec in DECT for narrowband, wideband and super-wideband audio communication including options of low delay audio connections (≤ 10 ms framing)|url=https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_tr/103500_103599/103590/01.01.01_60/tr_103590v010101p.pdf|last=|first=|date=September 2018|website=ETSI|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}} The conclusion regarding Opus is disputed as the test only included speech audio, but the comparison was made to version 1.1.4 of the reference Opus encoder, using complexity level 0 at 32 kbps and relying on CELT (general audio) instead of the FEC-capable SILK (speech); the test also did not take into account the newer version 1.2 of the Opus encoder released in 2017, where significant improvements were made to low bitrate streams.
Supported systems:
- Android 13;{{Cite web |date=2021-12-22 |title=Android 13 may finally bring full support for Bluetooth LE Audio |url=https://www.xda-developers.com/android-13-may-add-blueooth-le-audio-support/ |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=xda-developers |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Features and APIs Overview - Android 13 Developer Preview |url=https://developer.android.com/about/versions/13/features#btle-audio |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=Android Developers |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=New LC3 Encoder (I5f2f7627) |url=https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/packages/modules/Bluetooth/+/1891675 |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=AOSP Gerrit}}{{Cite web |title=Add new LC3 decoder (I275ea8ba) |url=https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/packages/modules/Bluetooth/+/1936078 |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=AOSP Gerrit}} Google's liblc3 codec is open-source as a standalone GitHub project{{cite web |title=google/liblc3: Low Complexity Communication Codec (LC3) |url=https://github.com/google/liblc3 |website=GitHub |access-date=6 July 2023 |date=26 June 2023}}
- Windows 11, assuming supported Intel CPU and Intel Wifi/bluetooth adapter, on some firmware needs to be released to enable{{Cite web |last=Roth |first=Emma |date=2023-05-23 |title=Windows 11 adds support for Bluetooth's low-energy audio spec |url=https://www.theverge.com/2023/5/23/23733299/windows-11-bluetooth-low-energy-le-support-build |access-date=2023-05-25 |website=The Verge |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last1=Blog |first1=Windows Experience |last2=Woodman |first2=Aaron |date=2023-05-23 |title=Announcing new Windows 11 innovation, with features for secure, efficient IT management and intuitive user experience |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2023/05/23/announcing-new-windows-11-innovation-with-features-for-secure-efficient-it-management-and-intuitive-user-experience/ |access-date=2023-05-25 |website=Windows Experience Blog |language=en-US}}
- Zephyr OS{{Cite web |title=modules: Add zephyr lc3 codec by Casper-Bonde-Bose · Pull Request #44225 · zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr |url=https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/pull/44225 |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=GitHub |language=en}}
- Linux via bluez-alsa{{cite web | url=https://github.com/arkq/bluez-alsa/tree/master/src | title=Bluez-alsa/SRC at master · arkq/Bluez-alsa | website=GitHub }} or BlueZ + PipeWire{{cite web |title=BlueZ » Blog Archive » LE Audio support in PipeWire |url=http://www.bluez.org/le-audio-support-in-pipewire/}}
LC3plus
LC3plus High Resolution mode is a codec defined by ETSI and is not compatible with the LC3 defined by Bluetooth SIG.{{Citation |title=LC3plus High Resolution {{!}}Specification for use as vendor specific codec via Bluetooth A2DP |url=https://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/iis/en/doc/ame/Whitepaper/LC3plus_Bluetooth-A2DP-profile.pdf |publication-date=2021 |publisher=Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS}}{{rp|3}} It's included in the 2019 DECT standard.{{Cite web |title=LC3 / LC3plus: A plus in audio quality and transmission robustness for wireless accessories |url=https://www.digitalmedia.fraunhofer.de/en/veranstaltungen/ibc-2020/trendbrochure/lc3---lc3plus--a-plus-in-audio-quality-and-transmission-robustne.html |access-date=2022-05-01 |website=Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft |language=en}}
On November 9, 2022, the Japan Audio Society (JAS) released a statement certifying LC3plus with the "Hi-Res AUDIO WIRELESS" logo.{{cite web |title="Hi-Res AUDIO WIRELESS" Two new codecs added to "Hi-Res AUDIO WIRELESS" logo's certified codecs. |url=https://www.jas-audio.or.jp/news/post17967 |access-date=9 November 2022 }} LC3plus is the 4th codec to receive this, alongside SCL6 (formerly known as MQair), LDAC and LHDC codecs.
The ETSI implementation of LC3plus is source-available software, subject to a ETSI Intellectual Property Rights Policy and the usual patent restrictions.{{cite web |title=marzzzello/LC3plus |website=GitHub |url=https://github.com/marzzzello/LC3plus |date=29 June 2023}}
Fraunhofer defines a way to use LC3plus over A2DP.