La Fayette-class frigate#Al Riyadh class: Saudi Arabia

{{Short description|French general purpose stealth frigates}}

{{More footnotes|date=September 2010}}

{{Infobox ship begin}}

{{Infobox ship image

|Ship image=FS Surcouf.jpg

|Ship caption=The French frigate {{ship|French frigate|Surcouf|F711|2}}

}}

{{Infobox ship class overview

|Name=La Fayette class

|Designer=DCNS

|Builders=DNCS

|Operators=*{{navy|France}}

  • {{navy|Saudi Arabia}}
  • {{navy|Republic of China}} (Taiwan)
  • {{navy|Singapore}}

|Class before={{sclass|Floréal|frigate|4}}

|Class after = Frégate de Défense et d'Intervention

|Subclasses=*Al Riyadh class (Saudi Arabia)

  • {{sclass|Formidable|frigate|4}} (Singapore)
  • Kang Ding class (Republic of China (Taiwan))

|Cost=

|Built range=

|In service range=

|In commission range=1996–present

|Total ships building=

|Total ships planned=

|Total ships completed=20

|Total ships cancelled=

|Total ships active=20

|Total ships laid up=

|Total ships lost=

|Total ships retired=

|Total ships preserved=

}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics

|Hide header=

|Ship type=General purpose frigate

|Ship displacement=* {{cvt|3,200|t|LT ST|lk=on}}

  • {{cvt|3,800|t|LT ST}} fully loaded

|Ship length={{convert|125|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

|Ship beam={{convert|15.4|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

|Ship height=

|Ship draught={{convert|4.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

|Ship power=

|Ship propulsion=4 diesel SEMT Pielstick 12PA6V280 STC2, {{convert|21000|hp|kW|abbr=on}}

|Ship speed={{convert|25|kn|lk=in|abbr=on}}

|Ship range=*{{convert|4000|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|15|kn}}

  • {{convert|9000|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|12|kn}}

|Ship endurance=50 days of food

|Ship boats=2 × ETN boats

|Ship capacity={{cvt|350|t|LT ST}} of fuel, {{cvt|80|m3}} of kerosene, {{cvt|60|t|LT ST}} of potable water

|Ship complement=164+;{{Cite web|url=https://www.naval-technology.com/projects/lafayette/ |title=La Fayette Class Frigate|date=3 May 2001|website=Naval Technology}} around 6 additional personnel on Courbet, La Fayette and Aconit post-upgrade{{Cite web|url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2023/02/french-mission-jeanne-darc-2023-to-sail-across-indo-pacific/ |title=French Mission Jeanne D'Arc 2023 To Sail Across Indo-Pacific |date=3 February 2023|website=Naval News |last=Vavasseur |first=Xavier}}

|Ship sensors=*1 × DRBN34 navigation radar

  • 1 × DRBN34 landing radar
  • 1 × Air/Surface DRBV 15C sentry radar
  • 1 × Thales TAVITAC combat management system (fitted to Surcouf and Guépratte)
  • 1 × SENIT FLF combat management system (replaced previous Thales TAVITAC CMS on La Fayette, Courbet and Aconit){{cite web | url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/10/first-upgraded-la-fayette-class-frigate/ | title=First Upgraded la Fayette-class Frigate back into the French Fleet | date=18 October 2021 }}
  • 1 × firing control radar for the 100 mm gun
  • 1 × CN2 firing control radar
  • 1 × Saïgon ARBG 1 radio interceptor
  • 1 × ARBR 21 radar interceptor
  • 2 × Dagaie Mk2 AMGL-1C chaff launcher
  • CANTO anti-torpedo countermeasures (fitted to La Fayette in 2021-22 and Aconit in 2023; to be fitted to Courbet in due course){{cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/07/video-french-navys-la-fayette-class-frigate-mid-life-update/ |title=Video: French Navy's La Fayette-Class Frigate Mid-Life Update |work=Naval News |last=Manaranche |first=Martin |date=31 July 2021 |access-date=31 August 2021 }}{{cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2019/07/naval-group-ready-to-produce-canto-anti-torpedo-system-in-australia/ |title=Naval Group Ready To Produce CANTO Anti-Torpedo System In Australia |work=Naval News |last=Vavasseur |first=Xavier |date=18 July 2019 |access-date=31 August 2021 }}
  • 1 × AN/SLQ-25 Nixie tugged noise maker
  • 1 × Prairie-Masker noise reduction system
  • 1 × Integrated Shipboard Communication System ISCS (SNTI 120 ch.)
  • 1 × SEAO/OPSMER Naval command support system
  • 1 × Syracuse II satellite transmission system
  • 1 × Inmarsat navigation system
  • 1 × BlueWatcher sonar (Surcouf only){{cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/event-news/euronaval-2020/2020/10/euronaval-naval-group-starts-upgrade-work-on-la-fayette-class-frigates/ |title=Euronaval: Naval Group Starts Upgrade Work On La Fayette-Class Frigates |last=Smaldore |first=Yannick |work=navalnews.com |date=23 October 2020 |access-date=7 December 2020}}
  • 1 × KingKlip Mk 2 hull-mounted sonar (fitted to Courbet, La Fayette and Aconit)

|Ship EW=

|Ship armament=

  • Guns;
  • 1 × 100 mm TR automatic gun
  • 2 × 20 mm modèle F2 guns
  • Anti-ship;
  • 8 × Exocet MM40 block II anti-ship missiles (upgraded to capacity for Block 3c variant on Courbet, La Fayette and Aconit){{cite web |url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/premiere-flf-renovee-la-fregate-courbet-remise-leau |title=Première FLF rénovée, la frégate Courbet remise à l'eau |work=Mer et Marine |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |date=15 April 2021 |access-date=26 April 2021 |language=French |url-access=subscription}}
  • CIWS;
  • 1 × Crotale CN2 CIWS (fitted on Surcouf and Guépratte)
  • 2 × 6 Sadral launchers with Mistral Mk 3 SAM/SSM (replaced Crotale on Courbet, La Fayette and Aconit)
  • 2 x 2 manually operated Simbad/Mistral (reported fit to Surcouf in 2023){{Cite web|url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/defense/la-fregate-surcouf-anonymisee-et-equipee-de-systemes-simbad |title=La frégate Surcouf anonymisée et équipée de systèmes Simbad |date=15 May 2023 |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |website=Mer et Marine}}

|Ship armour=On sensitive areas (munition magazine and control centre)

|Ship aircraft=1 × helicopter (Panther or NH90)

|Ship aircraft facilities=

|Ship notes=

}}

The La Fayette class (also known as FL-3000 for "Frégate Légère de 3,000 tonnes", or FLF for Frégate Légère Furtive) is a class of general purpose frigates built by DCNS in the 1980s and 1990s, operated by the French Navy and three other navies. Derivatives of the type are in service in the navies of Saudi Arabia, Singapore, and Taiwan.

The ships were originally known as "stealth frigates" due to their unique stealth design at the time. Their reduced radar cross section is achieved by a clean superstructure compared to conventional designs, angled sides and radar absorbent material, a composite material of wood and glass fibre as hard as steel, light, and resistant to fire. Most modern combat ships built since the introduction of the La Fayette class have followed the same principles of stealth.

All information gathered by the onboard sensors is managed by the Information Processing System, the electronic brain of the operation centre of the ship. It is completed by an electronic command aid system.

The ships are designed to accommodate a {{convert|10|t|LT ST|adj=on|lk=on}} helicopter in the Panther or NH90 range (though they are also capable of operating the Super Frelon and similar heavy helicopters). These helicopters can carry anti-ship missiles AM39 or AS15, and they can be launched during sea state five or six due to the Samahé helicopter handling system. France ordered five ships of the La Fayette class in 1988, the last of which entered service in 2001. In the French Navy, they will be incrementally superseded in "first-rank" functions by five frégates de taille intermédiaire (FTI, "intermediate size frigates") from 2024.{{cite web |url=https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2021/march/9901-france-accelerates-the-fdi-frigates-program.html |title=France accelerates the FDI frigates program |work=navyrecognition.com |access-date=26 April 2021 }}{{cite web |url=http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/year-2015-news/may-2015-navy-naval-forces-defense-industry-technology-maritime-security-global-news/2747-update-to-french-military-planning-law-means-new-capabilities-for-lafayette-class-frigates.html |title=Update to French Military Planning Law Means New Capabilities for Lafayette Class Frigates |website=navyrecognition.com |date=21 May 2015 |access-date=30 October 2015}}{{cite web |url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/marine-nationale-les-programmes-qui-vont-faconner-la-future-flotte-francaise |title=Marine nationale : les programmes qui vont façonner la future flotte française |work=Mer et Marine |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |language=French |date=1 February 2021 |access-date=26 April 2021 }}

French version

= Background =

{{More citations needed|date=March 2011}}

In the late 1980s, the French Navy (Marine Nationale) started the studies for frigates adapted to low-intensity conflicts in the post–Cold War era. The ships were to serve in the large French exclusive economic zone (EEZ), be adapted to humanitarian operations or low-intensity operations in support of land troops, and replace the aging {{sclass|D'Estienne d'Orves|aviso}}s, which tended to prove too focused on naval operations and were ill-suited for joint operations.

Conventional warships used in low-intensity or humanitarian relief operations proved costly, with their heavy equipment and large crew. Hence came the requirement for lightly armed frigates with economical engines and small crew. In Italy, the same requirements led to the development of the {{sclass|Cassiopea|patrol vessel|5}} and {{sclass|Minerva|corvette|5}} type corvettes, built according to both civilian and military standards. These ships were limited to {{convert|1,300|t|LT ST|lk=on}} because the limited size and depth of the Mediterranean Sea and the proximity of the homeland. The French Navy, on the other hand, had to be present in overseas territories, bases and EEZ. To be enduring enough, the ships had to reach {{convert|3,000|t|LT ST}}, the size of a frigate. The larger displacement allows combining strong firepower (like the Minerva class) and a capacity for a medium helicopter (like the Cassiopea class), along with a good autonomy and seaworthiness.

The first type of ships built on these principles were the {{sclass|Floréal|frigate|1}}s, built on civilian standards, with a limited armament, and carrying a medium helicopter. These ships are high endurance units designed to be operated in overseas territories in the Caribbean Sea, Polynesia, and New Caledonia and the EEZ, where the likelihood of a naval threat is low. The speed is limited to {{convert|20|kn|lk=in}} because of the low-power engines which emphasised autonomy and reliability. To fight pirates in fast rigid-hulled inflatable boats, the Floréals rely on their onboard helicopter and marine detachment.

The niche for more hostile environments is covered by the La Fayette type, designed to operate in complex zones like the Indian Ocean or Djibouti. These ships were to be able to secure the EEZ, but also to operate in naval groups or intelligence gathering missions. The intended role for the ships was in fact very varied, because the experience of the C.70 class, with an intended 20 ships cut down to only nine (the seven {{sclass|Georges Leygues|frigate|1}}s and two {{sclass|Cassard|frigate|1}}s) had taught that project downsizing and reorganisation could lead to badly balanced naval capabilities. The new ships were to benefit from breakthroughs in stealth ("furtivité") achieved by the DCN in the 1980s.

It took several years to refine the concept, and the first ship was eventually launched in 1992, two years after the final design was completed. Weapon system testing took place in 1994, and particularly extensive trials were undertaken to prove the structure of the ship under a wide range of conditions.{{cn|date=July 2022}} La Fayette was eventually commissioned in March 1996.

=Stealth=

File:FS Courbet 6.jpg

At the time of their commissioning, the units of the La Fayette class were the state of the art{{cn|date=August 2024}} in stealth for warships. The shape of the hull and the superstructures is devised for the optimal reduction of the radar signature.Stealth is achieved with inclined flanks, as few vertical lines as possible, and very clean lines and superstructures: stairs and mooring equipment are internal, and prominent structures are covered by clear surfaces. The superstructures are built using radar-absorbent synthetic materials.

Their radar cross-section is equivalent to that of a large fishing boat{{cn|date=August 2024}}, which can make camouflage among civilian ships possible; or that of a much less capable corvette, which could lead an enemy to underestimate the capabilities of the ship. In case of a direct attack, the small radar signature helps evade enemy missiles and fire control systems.{{cn|date=July 2022}} The La Fayettes are also equipped with jammers that can generate false radar images, as well as decoy launchers.

Thanks to the adoption of low-power diesel motors and a special heat dissipation system, the La Fayette ships have a low thermal signature. The usual funnel is replaced with a small sets of pipes, aft of the mast, which cool the exit gas before it is released. The ships usually operate in warm areas, which further decreases the thermal contrast with the environment.

The magnetic signature is reduced by the presence of a demagnetisation belt.{{cn|date=July 2022}}

The acoustic signature is minimized by mounting the engines on elastomeric supports, which minimize vibration transfers to the hull, and by rubber coatings on the propellers. The La Fayettes are equipped with the Prairie Masker active acoustic camouflage system, which generates small bubbles from underneath the hull to confuse sonars.

=Construction=

File:FS Aconit 2.jpg

File:Surcouf 1.jpg

The superstructure is made of light alloy and glass-reinforced plastic, which allow a reduction in top weight. This provides adequate but sub-optimal resistance to fire. Vital zones are armoured in Kevlar, and important systems are redundant. The crew is protected against biological, chemical, and nuclear environments.

The ships were built with a modular inner structure from eleven prefabricated modules which were completed at the factory, delivered to the shipyard and assembled there. This technique results in a construction time of less than two years.

The hull has a pronounced angle at the stem, with a short forecastle that integrates directly into the superstructure. The ship's sides have a negative inclination of ten degrees. The single anchor is located exactly on the stem, into which it is completely recessed. The deck where the seamanship equipment and capstans are installed is internal in order to hide it from radar.

The superstructure is built in one piece and directly integrates into the hull, with only a change in inclination. A platform is located between the main gun and the bridge. The superstructure runs continuously down to the helicopter hangar, on top of which short-range anti-aircraft Crotale missiles were initially installed (being replaced on three ships in the early 2020s with the SADRAL/Mistral system).

The ships feature two masts. The main mast has a pyramidal structure which integrates funnels and supports the antenna of the Syracuse military communications satellite system, while the second supports the main radar.

=Life extension upgrades=

Three of the French Navy frigates (La Fayette, Courbet and Aconit) were selected to receive mid-life upgrades extending their useful service lives into the early 2030s. The three frigates are receiving KingKlip Mk2 hull-mounted sonar to incorporate an anti-submarine capability, modernized point air defence systems (consisting of two renovated SADRAL launchers, removed from the retired Georges Leygues class, and operating Mistral Mk3 SAMs/SSMs) as well as other improvements including the ability to carry the latest version of the Exocet anti-ship missile and CANTO anti-torpedo countermeasures (initially fitted first to La Fayette when she received her upgrade in 2021–22).{{cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/event-news/euronaval-2022/2022/10/here-is-naval-groups-new-torpedo-decoy-launcher/ |title=Here Is Naval Group's New Torpedo Decoy Launcher |work=Naval News |last=Vavasseur |first=Xavier |date=17 October 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}} The upgrades increase the displacement of the ships by some {{convert|80|t|LT ST}}{{cite web |url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/defense/la-fregate-la-fayette-de-nouveau-operationnelle-apres-sa-renovation |title=La frégate La Fayette de nouveau opérationnelle après sa rénovation |work=Mer et Marine |language=fr |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |date=28 November 2022 |access-date=28 November 2022}} and will permit the three ships to operate through the 2020s and be retired between 2031 and 2034.{{cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2019/09/french-navy-names-3-la-fayette-class-frigates-selected-for-mid-life-update/ |title=French Navy Names 3 La Fayette-Class Frigates Selected For Mid-Life Update |last=Vavasseur |first=Xavier |work=Naval News |date=5 September 2019 |access-date=7 December 2020}} The first vessel, Courbet, began her conversion refit in October 2020.{{cite web |url=https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2020/october/9094-naval-group-starts-renovation-and-upgrade-of-french-navy-courbet-la-fayette-class-frigate.html |title=Naval Group starts renovation and upgrade of French Navy Courbet La Fayette-class frigate |work=navyrecognition.com |date=11 October 2020 |access-date=7 December 2020}} She returned to sea in June 2021. In October 2021, La Fayette began her planned refit{{Cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/10/first-upgraded-la-fayette-class-frigate/|title = First Upgraded la Fayette-class Frigate back into the French Fleet |work=Naval News |last=Vavasseur |first=Xavier |date=18 October 2021 |access-date=28 November 2022}} and in November 2022 was declared operational again upon its completion.{{cite web |url=http://www.presseagence.fr/lettre-economique-politique-paca/2022/11/24/toulon-mise-en-service-operationnel-de-la-fregate-la-fayette-renovee/ |title=Toulon : Mise en service opérationnel de la frégate La Fayette rénovée |work=Presse Agence |language=fr |date=24 November 2022 |access-date=28 November 2022}}{{cite web | url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/renovee-la-fregate-la-fayette-reprend-la-mer | title=Rénovée, la frégate la Fayette reprend la mer |work=Mer et Marine |language=fr |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent | date=19 May 2022 |access-date=28 November 2022}} In February 2023 Aconit, the last of the frigates to be upgraded, began her life extension refit.{{cite web |url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/defense/naval-group-debute-la-renovation-de-la-fregate-aconit |title=Naval Group débute la rénovation de la frégate Aconit

|work=Mer et Marine |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |date=10 February 2023 |access-date=10 February 2023}} She was relaunched in July and was expected to be fully operational again in 2024.

The other two vessels of the class (Surcouf and Guépratte) were scheduled to undergo more modest structural and technical upgrades (with the elderly Crotale SAM to be removed), and be withdrawn from service in 2027 and 2031 respectively. With somewhat reduced general purpose capability, it had been anticipated that the two ships would be re-assigned to offshore patrol duties for the remainder of their service life.{{Cite web|url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/renovation-des-la-fayette-la-premiere-livree-la-seconde-entre-en-chantier|title = Rénovation des la Fayette : La première frégate livrée, la seconde en chantier |work=Mer et Marine |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |language=fr |date=21 October 2021 |access-date=28 November 2022}} However, subsequently it was decided to retain both ships in the frigate role despite their not having received a mid-life upgrade.{{cite web |url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/defense/le-reclassement-de-certaines-la-fayette-en-patrouilleurs-n-est-plus-a-l-ordre-du-jour |title=Le reclassement de certaines La Fayette en patrouilleurs n’est plus à l’ordre du jour |work=Mer et Marine |language=fr |last=Groizealeau |first=Vincent |date=17 April 2024 |access-date=17 April 2024 |url-access=subscription}}

From 2024 the La Fayette-class units will be incrementally complemented, and eventually replaced, in first rank functions in the French Navy by the FDI-class frigates.

=Ships=

class="wikitable" border="1"
colspan=7 align=center|La Fayette class
Number

! Ship

! Builder

! Laid down

! Launched

! Commissioned

! Status

F 710

|{{ship|French frigate|La Fayette|F710|2}}

|rowspan=5|DCN Lorient

|

|13 June 1992

|22 March 1996

|In active service

F 711

|{{ship|French frigate|Surcouf|F711|2}}

|

|3 July 1993

|7 February 1997

|In active service

F 712

|{{ship|French frigate|Courbet|F712|2}}

|

|12 March 1994

|1 April 1997

|In active service

F 713

|{{ship|French frigate|Aconit|F713|2}}

|

|8 June 1997

|3 June 1999

|In active service

F 714

|{{ship|French frigate|Guépratte|F714|2}}

|

|3 March 1999

|27 October 2001

|In active service

Export

=''Al Riyadh'' class: Saudi Arabia=

File:Frigate Al Makkah.jpg

The three Al Riyadh-class ships are an expanded anti-air version of the French La Fayette class, displacing about {{convert|4,700|t|LT ST}} and extended to {{convert|133|m|ftin|abbr=on}} in length.{{cite web|url=http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/al_riyadh |title=Al Riyadh (F3000S Sawari II) Class, Saudi Arabia |website=naval-technology.com |access-date=30 October 2015}}

The ships' combat systems are produced by Armaris (a DCN/Thales joint venture) and are armed with the Aster 15 missile. The Aster missiles use the DCN SYLVER launcher. As with the La Fayette class the primary offensive weapon is the anti-surface Exocet missile. The ships' main gun is the Oto Melara 76 mm/62 Super Rapid gun replacing the 100 mm TR automatic gun. There are also four {{convert|533|mm|in|abbr=on}} aft torpedo tubes. The ship is armed with the DCNS F17 heavyweight anti-submarine torpedo.

The ships are capable of a maximum speed of {{convert|24.5|kn}} with a maximum range of {{convert|7,000|nmi}}.

class="wikitable" border="1"
colspan=7 align=center|Al Riyadh class
Number

! Ship

! Builder

! Laid down

! Launched

! Commissioned

! Status

812

|{{ship|Saudi frigate|Al Riyadh

2}}

|rowspan=3|DCN Lorient

|

|

|26 July 2002

|In active service

814

|{{ship|Saudi frigate|Makkah

2}}

|

|

|23 April 2004

|In active service

816

|{{ship|Saudi frigate|Al Dammam

2}}

|

|

|23 October 2004

|In active service

=''Formidable'' class: Singapore=

File:RSS Formidable (68) and INS Brahmaputra (F 31).jpg

File:Aconit compared to Intrepid.jpg

The Republic of Singapore Navy's six {{sclass|Formidable|frigate|1}}s are of comparable size to the La Fayette class but differ from that class and the Saudi Al Riyadh class in the armament carried: in place of the Exocet is the Boeing Harpoon. The main gun is a stealth cupola equipped with an Oto Melara 76 mm gun replacing the 100 mm TR automatic gun. The Formidable class also uses the SYLVER launcher/Aster missile combination.

The first ship, RSS Formidable, was built by DCN, while the remaining ships were constructed by Singapore Technologies Marine.

Anti-submarine capability includes S-70B Seahawk helicopters.

Maximum speed is {{convert|27|kn|abbr=on}}, making it the fastest variant. The ships have a maximum range of {{convert|4,200|nmi|abbr=on}}.

class="wikitable"
+Formidable class
Number

! Ship

! Builder

! Laid down

! Launched

! Commissioned

! Status

68

|Formidable

|DCNS

|2002

|7 January 2004

|5 May 2007

|In active service

69

|{{RSS|Intrepid|69|2}}

|rowspan=5|ST Engineering (Marine)

|

|3 July 2004

|5 February 2008

|In active service

70

|Steadfast

|

|15 July 2005

|5 February 2008

|In active service

71

|Tenacious

|

|15 July 2005

|5 February 2008

|In active service

72

|{{RSS|Stalwart|72|2}}

|

|9 December 2005

|16 January 2009

|In active service

73

|Supreme

|

|9 May 2006

|16 January 2009

|In active service

=''Kang Ding'' class: Republic of China (Taiwan)=

{{main article|Kang Ding-class frigate}}

File:Wu Chang Shipped in No.9 Pier of Zhongzheng Naval Base 20130504b.jpg

File:Phalanx CIWS and Bofors 40mm L70 Gun aboard on ROCN Di Hua (PFG-1206) 20151024.jpg

As the Republic of China (Taiwan)'s defensive stance is aimed towards the Taiwan Strait, the Republic of China (Taiwan) Navy is constantly seeking to upgrade its anti-submarine warfare capabilities. The US$1.75 billion agreement with France in the early 1990s was an example of this procurement strategy:{{Cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-11323386.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924053141/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-11323386.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 September 2015|title=France authorizes frigate sale to Taiwan|work=Defense Daily|date=2 October 1991}} the six ships are configured for both ASW and surface attack. The Exocet was replaced by Taiwan-developed Hsiung Feng II anti-ship missile and the AAW weapon is the Sea Chaparral. The main gun is an Oto Melara 76 mm/62 mk 75 gun, similar to its Singaporean counterparts, the Formidable-class frigates. Some problems in the integration of Taiwanese and French systems had been reported. The frigate carries a single Sikorsky S-70C(M)-1/2 ASW helicopter.

In 2021 it was reported that the Republic of China (Taiwan) would upgrade the Kang Ding class. It was reported that the MIM-72 Chaparral surface-to-air missile defence system will be replaced by the indigenous Sky Sword II and Sky Bow III. It was also reported that the upgrade of the battle system will also be involved.{{cite web |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/02/taiwan-to-upgrade-its-la-fayette-frigates-with-new-air-defense-combat-systems/ |title=Taiwan To Upgrade Its La Fayette Frigates With New Air Defense & Combat Systems |work=navalnews.com |first=Tso-Juei |last=Hsu |date=22 February 2021 |access-date=26 April 2021 }}

The class's maximum speed is {{convert|25|kn}} with a maximum range of {{convert|4,000|nmi|abbr=on}}.

The class's Mk 75 main guns have been upgraded and have an improved firing rate of 100 rounds a minute.{{cite web |last1=Chen |first1=Kelvin |title=Taiwan Navy showcases upgraded cannons in live-fire drills |url=https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/4211232 |website=www.taiwannews.com.tw |date=27 May 2021 |publisher=Taiwan News |access-date=28 May 2021}}

class="wikitable"
+Kang Ding class
Number

! Ship

! Builder

! Laid down

! Launched

! Commissioned

! Status

PFG-1202

| {{ship|ROCS|Kang Ding

2}} (康定)

|rowspan=6|DCNS

|1993

|22 March 1994

|24 May 1996

|In active service

PFG-1203

|{{ship|ROCS|Si Ning

2}} (西寧)

|1994

|5 November 1994

|5 October 1996

|In active service

PFG-1205

| {{ship|ROCS|Kun Ming

2}} (昆明)

|1994

|13 May 1995

|26 February 1997

|In active service

PFG-1206

| {{ship|ROCS|Di Hua

2}} (迪化)

|1995

|27 November 1995

|14 August 1997

|In active service

PFG-1207

| {{ship|ROCS|Wu Chang

2}} (武昌)

|1995

|27 November 1995

|16 December 1997

|In active service

PFG-1208

| {{ship|ROCS|Chen De

2}} (承德)

|1995

|2 August 1996

|19 March 1998

|In active service

See also

References

{{reflist}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book |last1=Jordan |first1=John|last2=Moulin|first2=Jean |editor1-last=Jordan |editor1-first=John |title=Warship 2021 |date=2021 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |location=Oxford, UK |isbn=978-1-4728-4779-9 |chapter=The 'Stealth' Frigates of the La Fayette Class|pages=81–98}}