Lachine, Quebec

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Lachine

| settlement_type = Borough of Montreal

| official_name =

| native_name =

| nickname =

| motto =

| image_blank_emblem = Logolachine.png

| blank_emblem_size = 175px

| image_skyline = Canal de Lachine 11.jpg

| imagesize =

| image_caption = Bike paths by the Lachine Canal

| image_flag =

| image_shield =

| image_map = Carte localisation Montréal - Lachine.svg

| mapsize = 275px

| map_caption = Location of Lachine on the Island of Montreal.
(Grey areas indicate demerged municipalities.)

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = {{CAN}}

| subdivision_type1 = Province

| subdivision_name1 = {{QC}}

| subdivision_type2 = City

| subdivision_name2 = Montreal

| subdivision_type3 = Region

| subdivision_name3 = Montréal

| seat_type = Electoral Districts
Federal

| seat =
Dorval—Lachine—LaSalle

| parts_type = Provincial

| parts = Marquette

| government_footnotes = {{Cite web |url=http://www.mamrot.gouv.qc.ca/repertoire-des-municipalites/fiche/arrondissement/REM27/ |title=Ministère des Affaires Municipales et Régions: Lachine |access-date=2012-03-14 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121216011734/http://www.mamrot.gouv.qc.ca/repertoire-des-municipalites/fiche/arrondissement/REM27/ |archive-date=2012-12-16 |url-status=dead}}

| government_type = Borough

| leader_title = Mayor

| leader_name = Maja Vodanovic (PM)

| leader_title1 = Federal MP(s)

| leader_name1 = Anju Dhillon (LPC)

| leader_title2 = Quebec MNA(s)

| leader_name2 = Enrico Ciccone (PLQ)

| established_title = Parish of Saints-{{nowrap|Anges-de-la-Chine}}

| established_date = 1676

| established_title2 = Incorporated

| established_date2 = 1848

| established_title3 = Montreal merger

| established_date3 = January 1, 2002

| area_footnotes = {{Cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2466057&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=lachine&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=24&B1=Custom&Custom=1000 |title=2006 Statistics Canada Community Profile: Lachine, Quebec |access-date=2009-03-28 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230401/http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2466057&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=lachine&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=24&B1=Custom&Custom=1000 |url-status=dead}}

| area_magnitude =

| area_total_km2 =

| area_land_km2 = 17.75

| area_water_km2 =

| area_water_percent =

| population_as_of = 2016

| population_footnotes = {{cite web |url=http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/MTL_STATS_FR/MEDIA/DOCUMENTS/01_POPULATION_DENSIT%C9_2011.PDF |title=Population totale en 2006 et en 2011 - Variation — Densité |year=2012 |work=Canada 2016 Census |publisher=Ville de Montréal |language=fr |access-date=28 December 2017 |archive-date=17 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017153755/http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/MTL_STATS_FR/MEDIA/DOCUMENTS/01_POPULATION_DENSIT%C9_2011.PDF |url-status=live }}

| population_note =

| population_total = 44,489

| population_density_km2 = 2 510.7

| population_blank1_title = Change (2011-16)

| population_blank1 = {{profit}}6.9%

| population_blank2_title = Dwellings (2006)

| population_blank2 = 19909

| timezone = EST

| utc_offset = -5

| timezone_DST = EDT

| utc_offset_DST = -4

| coordinates = {{Coord|45|25|59|N|73|40|51|W|region:CA-QC|display=inline,title}}

| elevation_m =

| postal_code_type = Postal code(s)

| postal_code = H8S, H8T, H8R

| area_code = (514) and (438)

| blank_name = Access Routes{{Cite web |url=http://www.quebec511.gouv.qc.ca/fr/carte_routiere/ |title=Official Transport Quebec Road Map |access-date=2009-03-28 |archive-date=2011-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110224075355/http://www.quebec511.gouv.qc.ca/fr/carte%5Froutiere/ |url-status=live }}
{{jct|state=QC|A|13}}
{{jct|state=QC|A|20}}

| blank_info =
{{jct|state=QC|A|520}}
{{jct|state=QC|QC|138}}

| website = [http://lachine.ville.montreal.qc.ca/ lachine. ville.montreal.qc.ca]

}}

Lachine ({{IPA|fr|laʃin}}) is a borough (arrondissement) within the city of Montreal on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada.

It was founded as a trading post in 1669. Developing into a parish and then an autonomous city, it was merged as a municipality into Montreal in 2002.

History

File:Lachine StsAnges1 tango7174.jpg

The first seigniory, Côte-Saint-Sulpice, was granted to the explorer and fur trader René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle in 1667, with the first French settlers arriving at the beginning of 1669. A trading post was established and then fortified under the name of Fort Rolland. This bastion became an important place for the fur trade.{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}

On August 4, 1689, more than 1500 Mohawk warriors raided the small village and burned it to the ground in retaliation for the ravaging of the Seneca lands, which the governor of New France, the Marquis de Denonville, was accused of having committed. The Lachine massacre left 80 dead. {{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}

Lachine was incorporated as a village in 1848. It became a town in 1872 and a city in 1909.[http://montreal-history.com/resource/3474 Lachine's first city hall] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323024411/http://montreal-history.com/resource/3474 |date=2020-03-23 }} (click on "Read More" at bottom) In 1912, it annexed the neighbouring Town of Summerlea, itself founded in 1895.{{cite book |chapter=An Undivided Island: Domination at the Dawn of a New Era |first1=Dany |last1=Fougères |first2=Valérie |last2=Shaffer |editor-last=Fougères |editor-first=D. |editor-last2=MacLeod |editor-first2=R. |title=Montreal: The History of a North American City |publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press |year=2018 |isbn=978-0-7735-5128-2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8JNNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA435 |pages=435, 437 |access-date=2022-02-05 |archive-date=2023-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230805045708/https://books.google.com/books?id=8JNNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA435 |url-status=live }} It merged with the town of Saint-Pierre in 1999, and the combined municipality merged into Montreal on January 1, 2002. Lachine's logo during its municipality days is still in use today.{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}

Etymology

Lachine, apparently from the French term la Chine for China, is often said to have been named in 1667, in mockery of its then owner René-Robert Cavelier de La Salle, who explored the interior of North America trying to find a passage to China. When he returned without success, he and his men were derisively named les Chinois (the Chinese). The name was adopted when the parish of Saints-Anges-de-la-Chine was created in 1676,{{Cite web |url=http://www.patrimoine-culturel.gouv.qc.ca/rpcq/detail.do?methode=consulter&id=95504&type=bien#.XnWK_oyJKpo |title=Site archéologique de l'Église-des-Saints-Anges-de-Lachine |access-date=2020-03-21 |archive-date=2021-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206233108/https://www.patrimoine-culturel.gouv.qc.ca/rpcq/detail.do?methode=consulter&id=95504&type=bien#.XnWK_oyJKpo |url-status=live }} with the form "Lachine" appearing with the opening of a post office in 1829.{{Cite web |url=http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/topos/odo.asp?Speci=98645 |title=Commission de toponymie du Québec - Lachine (Ville) |access-date=2008-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525185041/http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/topos/odo.asp?Speci=98645 |archive-date=2015-05-25 |url-status=dead}}

An alternative etymology attributes the name to the famous French explorer Samuel de Champlain, who also hoped to find a passage from the Saint Lawrence River to China. According to this version, in 1618 Champlain proposed that a customs house would tax the trade goods from China passing this point, hence the name Lachine.{{cite book |last1=Brook |first1=Timothy |title=Vermeer's Hat: The Seventeenth Century and the Dawn of the Global World |date=2007 |publisher=Bloomsbury Press |location=London |isbn=978-1-59691-444-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/vermeershatseven0000broo/page/46 46] |url=https://archive.org/details/vermeershatseven0000broo/page/46}}

Geography

The borough is located in the southwest portion of the island of Montreal, at the inlet of the Lachine Canal, between the borough of LaSalle and the city of Dorval. It was a separate city until the municipal mergers on January 1, 2002, and it did not demerge on January 1, 2006.{{Cite web |url=http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=3156,3575643&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |title=Musée de Lachine |date=10 May 2023 |access-date=16 October 2006 |archive-date=22 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522214303/http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=3156,3575643&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |url-status=live }}

The borough is bordered to the northwest by the city of Dorval, to the northeast by Saint-Laurent, to the east by Côte Saint-Luc, Montreal West and a narrow salient of Le Sud-Ouest, and to the south by LaSalle. Its western limit is the shore of Lake Saint-Louis and the Saint Lawrence River.

It has an area of 17.83 km² (7 sq. mi.) and a population of 44,489 per the 2016 Canadian Census.

Demographics

{{Historical populations

|title = Historical populations

|type = Canada

|align = right

|width =

|state = Quebec

|shading =

|percentages =

|footnote =

|1966|50221

|1971|51220

|1976|47542

|1981|42826

|1986|39850

|1991|40233

|1996|39910

|2001|40222

|2006|41391

|2011|41616

|2016|44489

}}{{Cite web |url=http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=6897,68087638&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |title=Ville de Montréal - Montréal en statistiques - Lachine |access-date=2015-11-02 |archive-date=2015-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006190102/http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=6897,68087638&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL |url-status=live }}

class="wikitable"

+Home language (2016)

! Language

! Population

! Percentage (%)

French

| 23,750

| 60%

English

| 11,880

| 29%

Non-official language only

| 4,555

| 11%

class="wikitable"

+Mother tongue (2016)

! Language

! Population

! Percentage (%)

French

| 23,320

| 56%

English

| 9,700

| 24%

Non-official language only

| 8,275

| 20%

class="wikitable"

+Visible minorities (2016)

! Ethnicity

! Population

! Percentage (%)

Not a visible minority

| 32,250

| 75.9%

Visible minorities

| 10,255

| 24.1%

Government

=Municipal government=

As of the November 7, 2021 Montreal election, the current borough council consists of the following members:

class="wikitable" border="1"

! District

! Position

! Name

! width="30px" |

! Party

—

| Borough mayor
City councillor

| Maja Vodanovic