Ladies' Home Journal

{{Infobox magazine

| title = Ladies' Home Journal

| image_file = Francesco Scavullo - The Ladies' Home Journal, January 1951.jpg

| image_size =

| image_caption = January 1951 cover

| editor = Sally Lee

| editor_title = Editor-in-chief

| staff_writer =

| frequency = 11 issues/year (1883–1910; 1911–2014)
24 issues a year ({{circa}} 1910–1911)
Quarterly (2014–2016)

| total_circulation = 3,267,239{{cite web |url= http://abcas3.accessabc.com/ecirc/magtitlesearch.asp |title= eCirc for Consumer Magazines |date= June 30, 2011 |publisher= Audit Bureau of Circulations |access-date= December 1, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120724165959/http://abcas3.accessabc.com/ecirc/magtitlesearch.asp |archive-date= July 24, 2012 }}

| circulation_year = 2011

| category = Women's interest, lifestyle

| company =

| publisher = Meredith Corporation

| founded = {{start date|1883}}

| finaldate = 2016

| country = US

| based = Des Moines, Iowa

| language = English

| issn = 0023-7124

}}

Ladies' Home Journal was an American magazine that ran until 2016 and was last published by the Meredith Corporation. It was first published on February 16, 1883,{{cite web|title=Top 100 U.S. Magazines by Circulation|url=http://www.psaresearch.com/images/TOPMAGAZINES.pdf|work=PSA Research Center|access-date=February 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115225953/http://www.psaresearch.com/images/TOPMAGAZINES.pdf|archive-date=November 15, 2016}} and eventually became one of the leading women's magazines of the 20th century in the United States. In 1891, it was published in Philadelphia by the Curtis Publishing Company. In 1903, it was the first American magazine to reach one million subscribers.{{cite news |author=Santana |first=Marco |date=April 24, 2014 |title=Ladies' Home Journal to Cease Monthly Publication |url=http://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/money/business/2014/04/24/meredith-earnings-fall-37-percent/8089633/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140424235014/http://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/money/business/2014/04/24/meredith-earnings-fall-37-percent/8089633/ |archive-date=April 24, 2014 |access-date=April 24, 2014 |work=Des Moines Register}}

In the late 20th century, the rise of television caused sales of the magazine to decline as the publishing company struggled. On April 24, 2014, Meredith announced it would stop publishing the magazine as a monthly with the July issue, stating it was "transitioning Ladies' Home Journal to a special interest publication".{{cite press release |date= April 24, 2014 |title= Meredith Reports Fiscal 2014 Third Quarter And Nine Month Results: Local Media Group Delivers Record Revenues and Operating Profit for a Fiscal Third Quarter |url= http://ir.meredith.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=842343 |publisher= Meredith Corporation |via= PRNewswire |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140424212135/http://ir.meredith.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=842343 |archive-date= April 24, 2014 }} It became available quarterly on newsstands only, though its website remained in operation.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/25/business/media/ladies-home-journal-to-become-a-quarterly.html|title=Ladies' Home Journal to Become a Quarterly|last=Cohen|first=Noam|newspaper=New York Times|date=2014-04-25}} The last issue was published in 2016.

Ladies' Home Journal was one of the Seven Sisters. The name was derived from the Greek myth of the "seven sisters", also known as the Pleiades.

Early history

File:Ladies' Home Journal Vol.8 No.06 (May, 1891).pdfThe Ladies' Home Journal was developed from a double-page supplement in the American newspaper Tribune and Farmer titled Women at Home. Women at Home was written by Louisa Knapp Curtis, wife of the paper's publisher, Cyrus H. K. Curtis.{{cite web|url= http://www.scripophily.net/curpubcom.html|work=Curtis Publishing Company|title=Saturday Evening Post & Ladies' Home Journal}}{{When|date=December 2016}} After a year, it became an independent publication, with Knapp as editor for the first six years. Its original name was The Ladies' Home Journal and Practical Housekeeper, but Knapp dropped the last three words in 1886.{{cn|date=July 2024}}

= Edward William Bok =

Knapp was succeeded by Edward William Bok as LHJ editor in late 1889. Knapp remained involved with the magazine's management, and she also wrote a column for each issue. In 1892, LHJ became the first magazine to refuse patent medicine advertisements.{{cite book |last=Bok |first=Edward William |url=http://www.bartleby.com/197/30.html |title=The Americanization of Edward Bok |publisher=Cosimo Classics |year=1920 |isbn=978-1596050730 |chapter=Cleaning Up the Patent-Medicine and Other Evils |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422000318/https://www.bartleby.com/lit-hub/edward-william-bok/cleaning-up-the-patent-medicine-and-other-evils/ |archive-date=April 22, 2023 |url-status=live}} In 1896, Bok became Louisa Knapp's son-in-law when he married her daughter, Mary Louise Curtis. LHJ reached a subscribed circulation of more than one million copies by 1903, the first American magazine to do so. Bok served until 1919. The features he introduced was the "Ruth Ashmore advice column", written by Isabel Mallon.{{cite news|date= December 28, 1898|url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1898/12/28/102530031.pdf|title=Ruth Ashmore" Dead: A Well-Known Writer Succumbs to Pneumonia, Following Grip|work= The New York Times}} In the 20th century, the magazine published the work of muckrakers and social reformers such as Jane Addams. In 1901, it published two articles about the early architectural designs of Frank Lloyd Wright.{{cite journal|title=A Home in a Prairie Town|date= February 1901|journal= Ladies' Home Journal}}{{full citation needed|date=April 2014}}{{cite journal |title= A Small Home with 'Lots of Room in It'|journal=Ladies' Home Journal|date=July 1901}}{{full citation needed|date= April 2014}} The December 1909 issue included a comic strip which was the first appearance of Kewpie, created by Rose O'Neill.{{cite web|url=http://shs.umsystem.edu/historicmissourians/name/o/oneill/|work=The State Historical Society of Missouri|access-date=August 9, 2013|title=Rose O'Neill|archive-date=April 20, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420202337/http://shsmo.org/historicmissourians/name/o/oneill/}}

Bok introduced business practices of low subscription rates and inclusion of advertising to offset costs. Some argue that women's magazines, like the Ladies' Home Journal, pioneered the strategies "[http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2536601594.html magazine revolution]".{{cite journal |last= Waller-Zuckerman |first= Mary Ellen |title= 'Old Homes, in a City of Perpetual Change': Women's Magazines, 1890-1916 |journal= The Business History Review |volume= 63 |issue= 4 |date= Winter 1989 |pages= 715–756 |doi=10.2307/3115961|jstor= 3115961 |s2cid= 154336370 }}

Edward Bok authored more than twenty articles opposed to women's suffrage which threatened his "vision of the woman at home, living the simple life".{{cite book |last=Richie |first=Rachel |date=March 22, 2019 |title=Women in Magazines, Research, Representation, Production and Consumption |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5WqaCwAAQBAJ&dq=edward+bok+feminism+ladies+home+journal&pg=PA217 |publisher=Routledge |page=217 |isbn=978-0-367-26395-9}} He opposed the concept of women working outside the home, women's clubs, and education for women. He wrote that feminism would lead women to divorce, ill health, and even death. Bok solicited articles against women's rights from former presidents Grover Cleveland and Theodore Roosevelt (though Roosevelt would later become a supporter of women's suffrage). Bok viewed suffragists as traitors to their sex, saying that "there is no greater enemy of woman than woman herself."{{cite book |last=Marshall |first=Susan E. |title=Splintered Sisterhood |url=https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&q=there+is+no+greater+enemy+of+woman+than+woman+herself+Edward+Bok |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press |page=85, 104 |date=1997 |isbn=978-0-299-15463-9 }}

Later history

File:The Ladies' home journal (1948) (14768384972).jpgDuring World War II, the Ladies' Home Journal was a venue for the government to place articles intended for homemakers.{{cite book |author= Emily Yellin |year= 2004 |title= Our Mothers' War |location= New York |publisher= Free Press |page= [https://archive.org/details/ourmotherswarame00yell/page/23 23] |isbn= 0-7432-4514-8 |url-access= registration |url= https://archive.org/details/ourmotherswarame00yell }} The annual subscription price paid for the production of the magazine and its mailing. The profits came from heavy advertising, pitched to families with above-average incomes of $1,000 to $3,000 in 1900. In the 1910s, it carried about a third of the advertising in all women's magazines. By 1929, it had nearly twice as much advertising as any other publication except for the Saturday Evening Post, which was also published by the Curtis family. The Ladies' Home Journal was sold to 2 million subscribers in the mid-1920s, grew a little during the depression years, and surged again during post-World War II. In 1955, each issue sold 4.6 million copies, and there were approximately 11 million readers.{{Cite journal |last=Ward |first=Douglas B. |date=2008 |title=The Geography of the Ladies' Home Journal |journal=Journalism History |volume=34 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00947679.2008.12062751 |publisher=Taylor & Francis Online |at=34 (1) |publication-date=10 June 2019 |doi=10.1080/00947679.2008.12062751}}

= Seven Sisters =

The Journal, along with its major rivals, Better Homes and Gardens, Family Circle, Good Housekeeping, McCall's, Redbook and Woman's Day, were known as the Seven Sisters, after the women's colleges in the Northeast.{{cite news |last= Carmody |first= D. |title= Identity Crisis for 'Seven Sisters' |work= The New York Times |date= August 6, 1990 |page=D1}} For decades, the Journal had the most circulation of the Seven Sisters, but it fell behind McCall's in 1961.{{cite magazine |title= Revolt at Curtis |magazine= Time |date= October 16, 1964 |pages=93–94}} In 1968, its circulation was 6.8 million, compared to McCall's 8.5 million. That year, Curtis Publishing sold the Ladies' Home Journal and the magazine The American Home to Downe Communications for $5.4 million in stock.{{cite news |last= Bedingfield |first= R. E. |title= Curtis Publishing Sells 2 Magazines; Downe Paying $5.4-Million in Stock |work= The New York Times |date= August 15, 1968 |at= Business and Finance section, p. 54}}{{cite magazine |title= Too Few Believers |magazine= Time |date= August 23, 1968 |page=67}} Between 1969 and 1974, Downe was acquired by Charter Company.{{cite magazine |title= Magna charter |magazine= Time |date= June 16, 1980|url= http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,924223,00.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080408105605/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,924223,00.html |archive-date= April 8, 2008 |page=70}} In 1982, it sold the magazine to Family Media Inc., publishers of Health magazine.

= Protest =

In March 1970, feminists including Susan Brownmiller held an 11-hour sit-in at the Ladies' Home Journal{{'}}s office, with some of them sitting on the desk of editor John Mack Carter and asking him to resign and be replaced by a woman editor.{{cite book |last1=Dow |first1=Bonnie J. |title=Watching Women's Liberation, 1970: Feminism's Pivotal Year on the Network News |date=October 2014 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=9780252096488 |pages=95–119 |url=https://academic.oup.com/illinois-scholarship-online/book/18305/chapter-abstract/176328825?redirectedFrom=fulltext&login=false |access-date=28 August 2022 |chapter=Magazines and the Marketing of the Movement: The March 1970 Ladies' Home Journal Protest}}{{cite web | author= Leslie Kaufman| date= September 26, 2014| work= The New York Times| url= https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/27/business/media/john-carter-86-is-dead-led-womens-magazines-.html| title= John Mack Carter, 86, Is Dead; Led 'Big 3' Women's Magazines| access-date= January 14, 2022| quote= ...Mr. Carter edited McCall's from 1961 to 1965, Ladies' Home Journal from 1965 to 1974 and Good Housekeeping from 1975 to 1994. ... only person to edit all three.... }} Carter declined to resign; he was allowed to produce a section of the magazine that August. Other activists continued the protests.{{cite web |url=https://www.history.com/news/women-feminist-protest-ladies-home-journal |title=When Angry Women Staged a Sit-In at the Ladies Home Journal |date=February 11, 2019 |work=History |access-date=February 17, 2023 }}

= Redesign and circulations =

In 1986, the Meredith Corporation acquired the magazine from Family Media for $96 million.{{cite web|url=http://www.meredith.com/aboutmeredith/history.html |title=History of Meredith Corporation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060703091813/http://www.meredith.com/aboutmeredith/history.html |archive-date=July 3, 2006 }}{{cite news |title= Meredith Won't Tinker with Added Magazines |work= The New York Times |date= November 25, 1985 |edition= Late City Final |at= p. D2, col 5}} In 1998, the Journal's circulation had dropped to 4.5 million.{{cite news |last= Kuczynski |first= A. |title= Some Consumer Magazines Are Getting Real |work= The New York Times |date= November 9, 1998 |page=C1}} The magazine debuted an extensive visual and editorial redesign in its March 2012 issue. Photographer Brigitte Lacombe was hired to shoot cover photos, with Kate Winslet appearing on the first revamped issue. The Journal announced that portions of its editorial content would be crowdsourced from readers, who would be fairly compensated for their work.{{cite news |first= Stefanie |last= Botelho |date= January 10, 2012 |title= Ladies' Home Journal to Move to Reader-Produced Content Model |url= http://www.foliomag.com/2012/ladies-home-journal-move-reader-produced-content-model |work= Folio}}

The magazine made the decision to end monthly publication and relaunch it quarterly.{{cite news |author=Emma Bazilian |date=April 24, 2014 |title=Ladies' Home Journal to Cease Monthly Publication |url=http://www.adweek.com/news/press/ladies-home-journal-shuts-down-157233 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426113850/http://www.adweek.com/news/press/ladies-home-journal-shuts-down-157233 |archive-date=April 26, 2014 |access-date=February 6, 2016 |work=AdWeek}} At the same time, the headquarters of the magazine moved from New York City{{cite book|author1=Kathleen L. Endres|author2=Therese L. Lueck|title=Women's Periodicals in the United States: Consumer Magazines|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Sld1Jj0jM7cC&pg=PA172|access-date=February 6, 2016|year=1995|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-28631-5|page=172}} to Des Moines, Iowa. Meredith offered its subscribers the chance to transfer their subscriptions to Meredith's sister publications. The magazine had a readership of 3.2 million in 2016. Also in 2016, Meredith partnered with Grand Editorial to produce Ladies' Home Journal. Only one issue was created.{{Cite web |last=Sutton |first=Kelsey |date=January 7, 2016 |title=Grand Editorial to produce Ladies' Home Journal |url=http://politi.co/21qiKqj |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160714143705/https://www.politico.com/media/story/2016/01/grand-editorial-to-produce-ladies-home-journal-004339/ |archive-date=July 14, 2016 |access-date=2020-04-04 |work=POLITICO Media}}{{Cite web |last=Gray |first=David |title=Ladies' Home Journal |url=https://www.behance.net/gallery/40360237/Ladies-Home-Journal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803113004/https://www.behance.net/gallery/40360237/Ladies-Home-Journal |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |access-date=2020-04-04 |work=Behance}}

Features

File:Ladies' Home Journal and Practical Housekeeper Vol.6 No.02 (January, 1889).pdf

The American cooking teacher Sarah Tyson Rorer served as LHJ's first food editor from 1897 to 1911,{{cite journal |year= 2008 |title= 125 Years of 'Ladies' Home Journal': Food |journal= Ladies' Home Journal |volume= 125 |issue= 8 |url= http://www.lhj.com/style/covers/125-years-of-ladies-home-journal-food/ |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100413173848/http://www.lhj.com/style/covers/125-years-of-ladies-home-journal-food/ |archive-date= April 13, 2010 }} when she moved to Good Housekeeping. In 1936, Mary Cookman, wife of New York Post editor Joseph Cookman, began working at the Ladies' Home Journal. In time, she was named its Executive Editor, and she remained with LHJ until 1963.NY Times Obituary September 8, 1991{{full citation needed |date= April 2014}}

In 1946, the Journal adopted the slogan "Never underestimate the power of a woman", which it continues to use today.{{cite journal |url= http://www.lhj.com/style/covers/125-years-of-ladies-home-journal/ |year= 2008 |title= A Look Back in Covers |journal= Ladies' Home Journal |volume= 125 |issue= 1 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090803070938/http://www.lhj.com/style/covers/125-years-of-ladies-home-journal/ |archive-date= August 3, 2009 }}{{page needed|date= April 2014}}

The magazine's trademark feature is "Can This Marriage Be Saved?" In this popular column, each person of a couple in a troubled marriage explains their view of the problem, a marriage counselor explains the solutions offered in counseling,Traditionally, the wife's side of the story is told first, followed by the husband's side. and the outcome is published. It was written for 30 years, starting in 1953, by Dorothy D. MacKaye under the name of Dorothy Cameron Disney.{{cite news |last=Weber |first=Bruce |date=September 8, 1992 |title=Dorothy D. MacKaye Dies at 88; Ladies' Home Journal Columnist |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE0D9113BF93BA3575AC0A964958260 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230917185813/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/08/nyregion/dorothy-d-mackaye-dies-at-88-ladies-home-journal-columnist.html |archive-date=September 17, 2023 |newspaper=The New York Times |at=Section D, p. 15}} MacKaye co-founded this column with Paul Popenoe, a founding practitioner of marriage counseling in the U.S. The two jointly wrote a book of the same title in 1960. Both the book and the column drew their material from the extensive case files of the American Institute of Family Relations in Los Angeles, California.{{cite book |last1= Popenoe |first1= Paul |last2= Disney |first2= Dorothy Cameron |name-list-style= amp |title= Can This Marriage Be Saved? |url= https://archive.org/details/CanThisMarrageBeSaved |edition= 1st |year= 1960 |publisher= Macmillan |location= New York |oclc= 1319285 |id= Library of Congress number: 60-8124}}{{page needed|date= April 2014}} MacKaye died in 1992 at the age of 88. Subsequent writers for the feature have included Lois Duncan and Margery D. Rosen.

The illustrations of William Ladd Taylor were featured between 1895 and 1926; the magazine also sold reproductions of his works in oil and watercolor.{{cite web |url= http://www.wltaylor.info/bio/bio.htm |last=Chapman |first= John III |title=William Ladd Taylor: Biography |work= W.L. Taylor, American Illustrator |access-date=April 16, 2010}}

Editors

Louisa Knapp Curtis (1889–1889)
Edward William Bok (1890–1919)
H. O. Davis (1919–1920)
Barton W. Currie (1920–1928)
Loring A. Schuler (1928–1935)
Bruce Gould and Beatrice Gould (1935–1962)
Curtiss Anderson (1962–1964)
Davis Thomas (1964–1965)
John Mack Carter (1965–1973)
Lenore Hershey (1973–1981)
Myrna Blyth (1981–2002){{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/22386499/genetic_genius_part_2/|title=Genetic Genius|last=Worley|first=Dwight R.|date=23 July 2000|work=The Journal News|access-date=31 July 2018|publisher=Gannett|department=Business|location=White Plains, New York|pages=2–D|via=Newspapers.com (Publisher Extra)}} Part 1 of the article appears at https://www.newspapers.com/clip/22386499/genetic_genius_part_1/ .
Diane Salvatore (2002–2008)
Sally Lee (2008–2014)

Other notable staff

Cynthia May Alden
Mary Bass
Eleanor Hoyt Brainerd
Kathryn Casey
Christine Frederick
Florence Morse Kingsley
Julia Magruder
Isabel Mallon
Helen Reimensnyder Martin
Jane Nickerson{{Cite journal |last=Voss |first=Kimberly Wilmot |date=2014-10-01 |title=Dining Out: New York City Culinary Conversation of James Beard, Jane Nickerson, and Cecily Brownstone |url=https://www.academia.edu/5698263 |url-status=live |journal=New York Food Story |at=The original New York foodies |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013140038/https://www.academia.edu/5698263/Dining_Out_New_York_City_Culinary_Conversation_of_James_Beard_Jane_Nickerson_and_Cecily_Brownstone |archive-date=October 13, 2023}}
Sylvia Porter
Eben E. Rexford
Gene Shalit
Mark Sullivan
Gladys Taber
Dorothy Thompson

Cover gallery

File:LadiesHomeJournal1902-07.jpg|July 1902 cover by George Gibbs

File:Ladies home journal 1906 12 a0.jpg|1906 Christmas cover

File:Ladies Home Journal-Vol 30-seq 75.tif|February 1913 cover

File:Ladies Home Journal 1900.jpg|March 1915 cover

File:Ladies Home Journal March 1922.jpg|March 1922 issue illustrated by N. C. Wyeth

References

External links

{{commons category-inline|Ladies' Home Journal}}
[https://web.archive.org/web/20140802210824/http://www.lhj.com/ Ladies' Home Journal official site]
[http://www.magazineart.org/main.php/v/womens/ladieshomejournal/ Online archive] of the covers of many early issues. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822140326/http://www.magazineart.org/main.php/v/womens/ladieshomejournal/ |date=August 22, 2016 }}.

Category:Monthly magazines published in the United States

Category:Quarterly magazines published in the United States

Category:Defunct women's magazines published in the United States

Category:Magazines established in 1883

Category:Magazines disestablished in 2016

Category:Meredith Corporation magazines

Category:Magazines published in Iowa

Category:Magazines published in New York City

Category:Mass media in Des Moines, Iowa