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Lafayette-class submarine

{{Short description|United States Navy class of fleet ballistic missile submarines}}

{{Infobox ship begin}}

{{Infobox ship image

|Ship image= File:Woodrow Wilson sub.jpg

|Ship caption=Lafayette-class submarine USS Woodrow Wilson

}}

{{Infobox ship class overview

|Name=Lafayette class

|Builders=*General Dynamics Electric Boat

|Operators={{naval|United States}}

|Class before= {{sclass|Ethan Allen|submarine|4}}

|Class after= {{sclass|James Madison|submarine|4}}

|Subclasses=

|Cost=

|Built range=1961–1964

|In service range=

|In commission range=1963–1994

|Total ships building=

|Total ships planned=

|Total ships completed=9

|Total ships cancelled=

|Total ships active=

|Total ships laid up=

|Total ships lost=

|Total ships retired=9

|Total ships preserved=1 (as training vessel)

}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics

|Hide header=

|Header caption=

|Ship type=Nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine

|Ship displacement=Surfaced: {{convert|7325|LT|t|0|lk=in|abbr=on}}

Submerged: {{convert|8251|LT|t|0|lk=in|abbr=on}}{{cite book | last = Friedman | first = Norman | title = U.S. Submarines Since 1945: An Illustrated Design History | publisher = United States Naval Institute | year = 1994 | location = Annapolis, Maryland | pages = 199–203, 244 | isbn = 1-55750-260-9 }}

|Ship length= {{convert|425|ft|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship beam= {{convert|33|ft|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship draft= {{convert|28|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship propulsion=*1 × S5W PWR

  • 2 geared steam turbines ({{convert|15000|shp|abbr=on}}),
  • 1 shaft

|Ship speed=*{{convert|16|kn|km/h}} surfaced

  • {{convert|21|kn|km/h}} submerged

|Ship range=

|Ship endurance=

|Ship test depth={{convert|1300|ft|m}}

|Ship complement=Two crews of 14 officers and 126 enlisted

|Ship sensors=

|Ship EW=

|Ship armament=16 Polaris A2/A3 or Poseidon C3 missiles, 4 × 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes, 12 torpedoes

|Ship notes=

}}

The Lafayette class of submarine was an evolutionary development from the {{sclass|Ethan Allen|submarine|4}} of fleet ballistic missile submarine, slightly larger and generally improved. This class, together with the {{sclass|George Washington|submarine|5}}, {{sclass|Ethan Allen|submarine|5}}, {{sclass|James Madison|submarine|5}}, and {{sclass|Benjamin Franklin|submarine|5}} classes, composed the "41 for Freedom," the Navy's primary contribution to the nuclear deterrent force through the late 1980s. The James Madison and Benjamin Franklin classes are combined with the Lafayettes in some references.

Design

The first eight submarines initially deployed with the Polaris A-2 missile, later being refitted with the longer ranged Polaris A-3, with {{USS|Daniel Webster|SSBN-626|6}} having the A-3 missile from the start.Polmar 1981, p.21. In the mid-1970s all were upgraded to carry the Poseidon C3 missile; their missile tubes were slightly larger than the Ethan Allen and George Washington classes and Poseidon was designed to take advantage of this. Unlike twelve of the similar James Madison and Benjamin Franklin classes, none of the Lafayette-class submarines were refitted with Trident I (C4) missiles.

The Lafayettes and their successors were equipped with a hovering system to manage trim more effectively when firing missiles; this increased the missile rate of fire from one per minute to four per minute.

Daniel Webster was originally built with diving planes mounted on a "mini-sail" near the bow, leading to her nickname "Old Funny Fins". This configuration, unique to US submarines, was an attempt to reduce the effect of porpoising. While successful, the "mini-sail" required to contain the operating mechanism reduced hydrodynamic efficiency and lowered her overall speed. During a mid-1970s overhaul these unusual planes were removed and standard fairwater planes were installed.[http://www.navsource.org/archives/08/08626.htm Daniel Webster at NavSource.org] Here is a rare [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nq-LImFhKw8 1964 16mm Silent Film] of USS Daniel Webster testing the unique "Funny Fins" diving planes off Cape Canaveral.

Fate

The Lafayettes were decommissioned between 1986 and 1992, due to a combination of SALT II treaty limitations as the {{sclass|Ohio|submarine|4}} SSBNs entered service, age, and the collapse of the Soviet Union. One (Daniel Webster) remains out of commission but converted to a Moored Training Ship (MTS-626) with the missile compartment removed. She is stationed at Nuclear Power Training Unit Charleston, South Carolina, along with {{USS|La Jolla}} and {{USS|San Francisco|SSN-711|6}}.

Boats in class

Submarines of the Lafayette class:Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p.612.{{cite web|url=http://www.submarinehistory.com/FleetBallisticMissileSubmarines.html |title=FleetBallisticMissileSubmarines |access-date=2012-10-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728105611/http://www.submarinehistory.com/FleetBallisticMissileSubmarines.html |archive-date=2012-07-28 }} California Center for Military History (dead link 2015-05-05)

class="wikitable"

! Hull number

! Name

! Builder

! Laid down

! Launched

! Commissioned

! Decommissioned

! Fate

SSBN-616

|{{USS|Lafayette|SSBN-616|2}}

|rowspan="2" align="center" |General Dynamics Electric Boat

|17 January 1961

|8 May 1962

|23 April 1963

|12 August 1991

|Disposed of through Ship-Submarine Recycling Program, 1992

SSBN-617

|{{USS|Alexander Hamilton|SSBN-617|2}}

|26 June 1961

|18 August 1962

|27 June 1963

|23 February 1993

|Disposed of through Ship-Submarine Recycling Program, 1994

SSBN-619

|{{USS|Andrew Jackson|SSBN-619|2}}

|Mare Island Naval Shipyard

|26 April 1961

|15 September 1962

|3 July 1963

|31 August 1989

|Disposed of through Ship-Submarine Recycling Program, 1999

SSBN-620

|{{USS|John Adams|SSBN-620|2}}

|Portsmouth Naval Shipyard

|19 May 1961

|12 January 1963

|12 May 1964

|24 March 1989

|Disposed of through Ship-Submarine Recycling Program, 1996

SSBN-622

|{{USS|James Monroe|SSBN-622|2}}

|Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co.

|31 July 1961

|4 August 1962

|7 December 1963

|25 September 1990

|Disposed of through Ship-Submarine Recycling Program, 1995

SSBN-623

|{{USS|Nathan Hale|SSBN-623|2}}

|General Dynamics Electric Boat

|2 October 1961

|12 January 1963

|23 November 1963

|3 November 1986

|Disposed of through Ship-Submarine Recycling Program, 1994

SSBN-624

|{{USS|Woodrow Wilson|SSBN-624|2}}

|Mare Island Naval Shipyard

|13 September 1961

|22 February 1963

|27 December 1963

|1 September 1994

|Disposed of through Ship-Submarine Recycling Program, 1998

SSBN-625

|{{USS|Henry Clay|SSBN-625|2}}

|Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co.

|23 October 1961

|30 November 1962

|20 February 1964

|5 November 1990

|Disposed of through Ship-Submarine Recycling Program, 1997

| SSBN-626

|{{USS|Daniel Webster|SSBN-626|2}}

|General Dynamics Electric Boat

|28 December 1961

|27 April 1963

|9 April 1964

|30 August 1990

|Converted to Moored Training Ship (MTS-626) with missile compartment removed.

See also

References

{{reflist}}

Bibliography

{{Commons category|Lafayette class submarines|Lafayette class submarines}}

  • Gardiner, Robert and Chumbley, Stephen (editors). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, USA: Naval Institute Press, 1995. {{ISBN|1-55750-132-7}}.
  • Polmar, Norman. The Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet: Twelfth Edition. London:Arms and Armour Press, 1981. {{ISBN|0-85368-397-2}}.
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20140822091054/http://www.nvr.navy.mil/nvrships/s_SSBN.htm US Naval Vessel Register - List of SSBN BALLISTIC MISSILE SUBMARINE (NUCLEAR-POWERED) Class vessels]
  • {{DANFS}}

{{Lafayette class submarine}}

{{US submarine classes after 1945}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lafayette Class Submarine}}

Category:Submarine classes

Lafayette class