Lagonimico

{{Speciesbox

| fossil_range = Middle Miocene (Laventan)
~{{fossil range|13.8|11.8}}

| image =

| image_caption =

| genus = Lagonimico

| parent_authority = Kay, 1994

| species = conclucatus

| authority = Kay, 1994

}}

Lagonimico is an extinct genus of New World monkeys from the Middle Miocene (Laventan in the South American land mammal ages; 13.8 to 11.8 Ma). Its remains have been found at the Konzentrat-Lagerstätte of La Venta in the Honda Group of Colombia. The type species is Lagonimico conclucatus.[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=267395 Lagonimico conclucatus] at Fossilworks.org

Description

A nearly complete but badly crushed skull and mandible of Lagonimico were discovered in the La Victoria Formation, that has been dated to the Laventan, about 13.5 to 12.9 Ma.Defler, 2004, p.32Kay, 1994, p.333 Lagonimico, as Micodon and Patasola magdalenae, also from the Honda Group, have been attributed to the Callitrichinae.Takai et al., 2001, p.290

Features of the dentition suggest Lagonimico is a sister group to living Callitrichinae (Saguinus, Leontopithecus, Callithrix, and Cebuella). These features include having elongate compressed lower incisors, a reduced P2 lingual moiety, and the absence of upper molar hypocones. The new taxon also has a relatively deep jaw, that rule it out of the direct ancestry of any living callitrichine.

The orbits of L. conclucatus are small, suggesting diurnal habits. Inflated, low-crowned (bunodont) cheek teeth with short, rounded shearing crests, as well as premolar simplification and M3 size reduction, suggest fruit- or gum eating adaptations, as among many living callitrichines. Procumbent and slightly elongate lower incisors suggest this species could use its front teeth as a gouge, perhaps for harvesting tree gum. Estimates from jaw size suggest Lagonimico weighed about {{convert|1200|to|1300|g|lb}},Pérez et al., 2013, p.9 about the size of Callicebus, the living titi monkey of South America.Tejedor, 2013, p.29 Later research reduced the estimated weight to {{convert|595|g|lb}}.Silvestro et al., 2017, p.14 Judged from tooth size and jaw length, Lagonimico would have been slightly smaller than Callicebus, but still larger than Callimico or any living callitrichine.

The upper first molar (M1) with a subtriangular outline with a narrow lingual side resembles that of the oldest New World primate discovered to date, the Late Eocene Perupithecus from the Peruvian Amazon.Bond et al., 2015, p.538

= Habitat =

The Honda Group, and more precisely the "Monkey Beds", are the richest site for fossil primates in South America.Rosenberger & Hartwig, 2001, p.3 Other than most fossil primates found at La Venta, the specimens of Lagonimico do not come from the "Monkey Beds".Wheeler, 2010, p.137 It has been argued that the monkeys of the Honda Group were living in habitat that was in contact with the Amazon and Orinoco Basins, and that La Venta itself was probably seasonally dry forest.Lynch Alfaro et al., 2015, p.520 The evolutionary separation from Aotus of Lagonimico has been placed in the Early Miocene at 17.5 Ma.Takai et al., 2001, p.304

References

= Bibliography =

{{citation |last1=Bond |first1=Mariano |last2=Tejedor |first2=Marcelo F. |last3=Campbell Jr. |first3=Kenneth E. |last4=Chornogubsky |first4=Laura |last5=Novo |first5=Nelson |last6=Goin |first6=Francisco |year=2015 |title=Eocene primates of South America and the African origins of New World monkeys |url=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7548/abs/nature14120.html |journal=Nature |volume=520 |issue=7548 |pages=538–546 |doi=10.1038/nature14120 |pmid=25652825 |bibcode=2015Natur.520..538B |accessdate=2017-09-24|hdl=11336/79088 |hdl-access=free }}
{{citation |last=Defler |first=Thomas |year=2004 |title=Historia natural de los primates colombianos |url=http://www.thomasdefler.com/Book/hist_nat_primates.pdf |publisher=Universidad Nacional de Colombia |pages=1–613 |accessdate=2017-09-24}}
{{citation |last=Kay |first=Richard F |year=1994 |title="Giant" tamarin from the Miocene of Colombia |doi=10.1002/ajpa.1330950305 |journal=Physical Anthropology |volume=95 |issue=3 |pages=333–353 |pmid=7856767 }}
{{citation |last1=Lynch Alfaro |first1=Jessica W. |last2=Cortés Ortiz |first2=Liliana |last3=Di Fiore |first3=Anthony |last4=Boubli |first4=Jean P. |year=2015 |title=Special issue: Comparative biogeography of Neotropical primates |url=http://socgen.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/ComparativeBiogeography2015.pdf |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=82 |pages=518–529 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2014.09.027 |pmid=25451803 |bibcode=2015MolPE..82..518L |accessdate=2017-09-24}}
{{citation |last1=Pérez |first1=S. Iván |last2=Tejedor |first2=Marcelo F. |last3=Novo |first3=Nelson M. |last4=Aristide |first4=Leandro |year=2013 |title=Divergence Times and the Evolutionary Radiation of New World Monkeys (Platyrrhini, Primates): An Analysis of Fossil and Molecular Data |journal=PLOS One |volume=8 |issue=6 |pages=1–16 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0068029 |doi-access=free |pmid=23826358 |pmc=3694915 |bibcode=2013PLoSO...868029P }}
{{citation |last1=Rosenberger |first1=Alfred L. |author2-link=Walter Hartwig |last2=Hartwig |first2=Walter Carl |year=2001 |title=New World Monkeys |url=http://www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/web/aca_naturalsciences_anthropology/BIO-RosenbergerAlfred-PUB_2001_ELS.pdf |journal=Encyclopedia of Life Sciences |volume=_ |pages=1–4 |accessdate=2017-09-24}}
{{citation |last1=Silvestro |first1=Daniele |last2=Tejedor |first2=Marcelo F. |last3=Serrano Serrano |first3=Martha L. |last4=Loiseau |first4=Oriane |last5=Rossier |first5=Victor |last6=Rolland |first6=Jonathan |last7=Zizka |first7=Alexander |last8=Antonelli |first8=Alexandre |last9=Salamin |first9=Nicolas |year=2017 |title=Evolutionary history of New World monkeys revealed by molecular and fossil data |url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2017/08/18/178111.full.pdf |journal=BioRxiv |volume=_ |pages=1–32 |accessdate=2017-09-24}}
{{citation |last1=Takai |first1=Masanaru |last2=Anaya |first2=Federico |last3=Suzuki |first3=Hisashi |last4=Shigehara |first4=Nobuo |last5=Setoguchi |first5=Takeshi |year=2001 |title=A New Platyrrhine from the Middle Miocene of La Venta, Colombia, and the Phyletic Position of Callicebinae |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/ase1993/109/4/109_4_289/_pdf |journal=Anthropological Science, Tokyo |volume=109 |issue=4 |pages=289–307 |doi=10.1537/ase.109.289 |accessdate=2017-09-24}}
{{citation |last=Tejedor |first=Marcelo F |year=2013 |title=Sistemática, evolución y paleobiogeografía de los primates Platyrrhini |url=http://www.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar/uploads/docs/rmlp_zoo_2013_t20_n176.pdf |journal=Revista del Museo de La Plata |volume=20 |pages=20–39 |accessdate=2017-09-24}}
{{citation |last=Wheeler |first=Brandon |year=2010 |title=Community ecology of the Middle Miocene primates of La Venta, Colombia: the relationship between ecological diversity, divergence time, and phylogenetic richness |url=https://kar.kent.ac.uk/54729/1/Wheeler%202010%20La%20Venta.pdf |journal=Primates |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=131–138 |doi=10.1007/s10329-009-0181-y |pmid=20037832 |accessdate=}}

Lagonimico

Description

= Habitat =

See also

References

= Bibliography =

Further reading