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Landing Ship Medium#LSM(R)-501-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)

{{short description|American amphibious assault ship type}}

{{Use American English|date=January 2022}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}

{{cleanup|reason=information should be included in the "short summary" section of the table describing their overall history.|date=January 2022}}

A Landing Ship Medium (LSM) was originally an amphibious assault ship of the United States Navy in World War II. Of a size between that of Landing Ships Tank and Landing Craft Infantry, 558 LSMs were built for the USN between 1944 and 1945. Most of the vessels built on this frame were regular transports, but several dozen were converted during construction to specialized roles. Most LSMs were scrapped during the Cold War, but several were sold by the United States Department of Defense to foreign nations or private shipping companies.

OPNAV N95 established a new LSM program in 2020. The new LSM will be {{convert|350| to| 400|ft}} long, able to operate at 22 knots and have a range of {{convert|6500| mile}}. The cost will be much lower than traditional amphibious shipping, according to a story in the March 2023 Marine Corps Gazette. The piece suggests that a MLR (Marine Littoral Regiment) would need nine LSMs.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbo.gov/publication/60208|title=Acquisition Costs of the Navy’s Medium Landing Ship |date=11 April 2024|website=Congressional Budget Office}}{{Cite web|url=https://insidedefense.com/daily-news/navy-launches-lsm-contract-competition|title=Navy launches LSM contract competition |website=InsideDefense.com}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.defensenews.com/naval/2022/10/05/marines-navy-near-agreement-on-light-amphibious-warship-features/|title=Marines, Navy near agreement on light amphibious warship features|first=Megan|last=Eckstein|date=5 October 2022|website=Defense News}} As a comparison the Jason-class of the Greek Navy is about {{convert|380|ft}} long, with a top speed of 18 knots

{{anchor|LSM-1 Class Landing Ship Medium (Transport)}}

''LSM-1''-class Landing Ship Medium (Transport)

{{Infobox ship begin}}

{{Infobox ship image

|Ship image= File:Oceanside_LSM-175.jpg

|Ship caption=USS LSM-175 underway off Charleston Navy Yard in 1944

}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics

|Hide header=

|Header caption=

|Ship class=LSM-1 class Landing Ship Medium

|Ship displacement=*{{convert|530|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} empty

  • {{convert|900|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} loaded

|Ship length= {{convert|203|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship beam= {{convert|34|ft|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship draft=*Landing :

  • {{convert|3|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}} forward
  • {{convert|7|ft|8|in|m|abbr=on}} aft
  • Full load :
  • {{convert|6|ft|4|in|m|abbr=on}} forward
  • {{convert|8|ft|3|in|m|abbr=on}} aft

|Ship depth=

|Ship hold depth=

|Ship propulsion=Fairbanks-Morse or GM Cleveland diesel engines, {{convert|2800|shp|0|abbr=on}}, direct drive, 2 screws

|Ship speed= {{convert|13.3|kn|lk=in}}

|Ship range= {{convert|5000|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|7|kn|abbr=on}}

|Ship boats=

|Ship capacity=*5 × medium tanks or

|Ship troops=54 troops

|Ship complement=4 officers, 54 enlisted

|Ship armament=*Up to 2 × 40 mm AA guns

|Ship armor=

|Ship notes=

}}

{{anchor|List of LSM-1 class ships}}

=List of ''LSM-1''-class ships=

In total, 558 LSM ships were launched. Some notable examples include:

class="wikitable sortable"
Name

! Year launched

! width="18%"| Fate

! class="unsortable"| Short summary

{{USS|LSM-17}}

| align="center"| {{dts|May 7, 1944}}

| align="center"| Sold on November 15, 1974

|

{{USS|LSM-19}}

| align="center"| {{dts|May 14, 1944}}

| {{unknown}}

|

{{USS|LSM-20}}

| align="center"| {{dts|May 14, 1944}}

| align="center"| Sank on December 5, 1944

|

{{USS|LSM-45}}

| align="center"| {{dts|June 30, 1944}}

| align="center"| Scrapped after 1998

|

{{USS|LSM-46}}

| align="center"| {{dts|June 30, 1944}}

| align="center"| Sold on October 23, 1948

|

{{USS|LSM-56}}

| align="center"| {{dts|July 21, 1944}}

| align="center"| Sold on October 23, 1948

|

{{USS|LSM-60}}

| align="center"| {{dts|July 29, 1944}}

| align="center"| Scuttled on July 25, 1946

|

{{USS|LSM-105}}

| align="center"| {{dts|October 21, 1944}}

| align="center"| Sold on December 10, 1958

|

{{USS|LSM-110}}

| align="center"| {{dts|October 28, 1944}}

| align="center"| Scrapped on June 9, 1976

|

{{USS|LSM-115}}

| align="center"| {{dts|November 11, 1944}}

| align="center"| Sold on December 29, 1946

|

{{USS|LSM-125}}

| align="center"| {{dts|November 25, 1944}}

| align="center"| Scrapped on October 4, 1977

|

{{USS|LSM-135}}

| align="center"| {{dts|April 23, 1944}}

| align="center"| Sank on May 25, 1945

|

{{USS|LSM-149}}

| align="center"| {{dts|May 27, 1944}}

| align="center"| Grounded on December 5, 1944

|

{{USS|LSM-157}}

| {{n/a}}

| align="center"| Sank in September 1958

| Transferred to Nationalist China in 1949, recommissioned as Mei Le, sunk by Red Chinese artillery 9/1958

{{USS|Kodiak|LSM-161}}

| align="center"| {{dts|June 27, 1944}}

| align="center"| Scrapped on August 14, 1972

|

USS Oceanside (LSM-175)

| align="center"| {{dts|August 3, 1944}}

| align="center"| Scrapped in 1989

|

{{USS|LSM-216}}

| {{n/a}}

| align="center"| Scrapped in 1960

|

{{USS|LSM-217}}

| {{n/a}}

| {{unknown}}

|

{{USS|LSM-236}}

| align="center"| {{dts|July 4, 1944}}

| align="center"| Scrapped in 1972

|

{{USS|LSM-247}}

| {{n/a}}

| align="center"| Sold in February 1947

|

{{USS|LSM-256}}

| {{n/a}}

| align="center"| Sank on June 16, 1969

| Transferred to Nationalist China in 1949, recommissioned as Mei Hua, sunk in a collision with M.V. Ta Tung 16/6/69

USS LSM-275

| align="center"| {{dts|September 11, 1944}}

| align="center"| Scrapped in 1976

| Later renamed and reclassified {{USS|Portunus|ARC-1}}

{{USS|LSM-297}}

| align="center"| {{dts|October 30, 1944}}

| align="center"| Scrapped in 1958

|

USS LSM-315

| {{n/a}}

| {{unknown}}

|

USS LSM-319

| {{n/a}}

| align="center"| Sank in 1971

|

{{USS|LSM-333}}

| align="center"| {{dts|October 13, 1944}}

| align="center"| Scuttled on September 17, 2006

|

{{USS|LSM-335}}

| {{n/a}}

| {{n/a}}

| Later USNS LSM-335 (T-AG-335) Assigned Ryukyuan shuttle.{{cite magazine |date=August 1964 |title=Meet the Fleet – USNS LSM-335 |magazine=Sealift Magazine |volume=14 |issue=8 |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=Military Sea Transportation Service |page=24 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qJpajIEO9hYC&pg=RA7-PA24 |access-date=29 December 2020}}

{{USS|LSM-338}}

| align="center"| {{dts|December 5, 1944}}

| align="center"| Scrapped

|

{{USS|LSM-355}}

| align="center"| {{dts|December 2, 1944}}

| {{unknown}}

|

{{USS|LSM-380}}

| align="center"| {{dts|January 13, 1945}}

| align="center"| Waiting for preservation

|

{{USS|LSM-397}}

| align="center"| {{dts|January 6, 1945}}

| align="center"| Sold in November 1958

|

USS Hunting (LSM-398)

| align="center"| {{dts|January 6, 1945}}

| align="center"| Scrapped after 1983

| Later reclassified (E-AG-398)

{{USS|LSM-462}}

| align="center"| {{dts|February 3, 1945}}

| {{unknown}}

|

{{USS|LSM-469}}

| align="center"| {{dts|February 17, 1945}}

| align="center"| Scuttled on February 1, 2003

|

{{USS|LSM-471}}

| align="center"| {{dts|February 17, 1945}}

| {{unknown}}

|

USS LSM-477

| {{n/a}}

| align="center"| Sank in 1971

|

{{USS|LSM-478}}

| align="center"| {{dts|March 3, 1945}}

| {{unknown}}

|

{{USS|Raritan|LSM-540}}

| align="center"| {{dts|August 1, 1945}}

| {{unknown}}

|

USS LSM-547

| {{n/a}}

| align="center"| Abandoned by 1972

|

{{anchor|LSM(R)-188 Class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)}}

''LSM(R)-188''-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)

{{Infobox ship begin}}

{{Infobox ship image

|Ship image= File:Uss LSMR-194.jpg

|Ship caption=USS LSM(R)-194 passing under the Cooper River Bridge, Charleston, SC, 2 December 1944

}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics

|Hide header=

|Header caption=

|Ship class=LSM(R)-188-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)

|Ship displacement=*LSM(R)-188 to LSM(R)-195 :

  • {{convert|968|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} loaded
  • LSM(R)-196 to LSM(R)-199 :
  • {{convert|1008|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} loaded

|Ship length= {{convert|203|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship beam= {{convert|34|ft|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship draft=*{{convert|5|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}} forward

  • {{convert|5|ft|9|in|m|abbr=on}} aft

|Ship depth=

|Ship hold depth=

|Ship propulsion=GM Cleveland diesel engines, {{convert|2800|shp|0|abbr=on}}, direct drive, two screws

|Ship speed= {{convert|13.2|kn|lk=in}}

|Ship range= {{convert|5000|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|7|kn|abbr=on}}

|Ship boats=

|Ship capacity=

|Ship complement=5 officers, 76 enlisted

|Ship armament=*LSM(R)-188 to LSM(R)-195 :

|Ship armor=

|Ship notes=

}}

  • {{USS|LSM(R)-188}}
  • {{USS|LSM(R)-189}}
  • {{USS|LSM(R)-190}}
  • {{USS|LSM(R)-191}}
  • {{USS|LSM(R)-192}}
  • {{USS|LSM(R)-193}}
  • {{USS|LSM(R)-194}}
  • {{USS|LSM(R)-195}}
  • {{USS|LSM(R)-196}}
  • {{USS|LSM(R)-197}}
  • {{USS|LSM(R)-198}}
  • {{USS|LSM(R)-199}}

{{Clear}}

{{anchor|LSM(R)-401 Class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)}}

''LSM(R)-401''-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)

{{Infobox ship begin}}

{{Infobox ship image

|Ship image=

|Ship caption=

}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics

|Hide header=

|Header caption=

|Ship class=LSM-401(R)-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)

|Ship displacement={{convert|1175|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} loaded

|Ship length= {{convert|203|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship beam= {{convert|34|ft|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship draft={{convert|7|ft|9|in|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship depth=

|Ship hold depth=

|Ship propulsion=GM Cleveland diesel engines, {{convert|2800|shp|0|abbr=on}}, direct drive, two screws

|Ship speed= {{convert|13|kn|lk=in}}

|Ship range= {{convert|5000|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|7|kn|abbr=on}}

|Ship boats=

|Ship capacity=

|Ship troops=

|Ship complement=6 officers, 137 enlisted

|Ship armament=*1 × 5"/38 caliber guns

  • 2 × 40 mm AA guns
  • 4 × 20 mm AA guns
  • 4 × {{convert|4.2|in|mm|abbr=on}} mortars
  • 8-10 × continuous loading {{convert|5|in|mm|adj=on}} Ship-to-Shore rocket launchers

|Ship armor=

|Ship notes=

}}

{{Clear}}

{{anchor|LSM(R)-501 Class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)}}

''LSM(R)-501''-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)

{{Infobox ship begin}}

{{Infobox ship image

|Ship image=File:Uss Pee Dee River LSMR-517.jpg

|Ship caption= USS Pee Dee River (LSM(R)-517) underway in 1954

}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics

|Hide header=

|Header caption=

|Ship class=LSM-501(R)-class Landing Ship Medium (Rocket)

|Ship displacement={{convert|1175|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} loaded

|Ship length= {{convert|203|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship beam= {{convert|34|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship draft={{convert|7|ft|9|in|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship depth=

|Ship hold depth=

|Ship propulsion=GM Cleveland diesel engines, {{convert|2800|shp|0|abbr=on}}, direct drive, two screws

|Ship speed= {{convert|13|kn|lk=in}}

|Ship range= {{convert|5000|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|7|kn|abbr=on}}

|Ship boats=

|Ship capacity=

|Ship troops=

|Ship complement=6 officers, 137 enlisted

|Ship armament=*1 × 5"/38 caliber gun

  • 4 × 40 mm AA guns
  • 8 × 20 mm AA guns
  • 4 × {{convert|4.2|in|mm|abbr=on}} mortars
  • 20 × continuous loading {{convert|5|in|mm|adj=on}} Ship-to-shore rocket launchers

|Ship armor=

|Ship notes=

}}

{{anchor|Gypsy Class Salvage Lifting Vessels}}

''Gypsy''-class salvage lifting vessels

{{Infobox ship begin}}

{{Infobox ship image

|Ship image= File:Uss Gypsy ARS(D)-1.jpg

|Ship caption={{USS|Gypsy|ARS(D)-1}} underway at Houston, Texas, in 1946

}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics

|Hide header=

|Header caption=

|Ship class=Gypsy-class salvage lifting vessels

|Ship displacement={{convert|816|LT|t|0|abbr=on}}

|Ship length= {{convert|224|ft|9|in|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship beam= {{convert|34|ft|10|in|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship draft={{convert|8|ft|4|in|m|abbr=on}}

|Ship depth=

|Ship hold depth=

|Ship propulsion=Fairbanks-Morse diesel engines, {{convert|1440|shp|0|abbr=on}}, direct drive, two screws

|Ship speed= {{convert|13|kn|lk=in}}

|Ship range= {{convert|4900|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|12|kn|abbr=on}}

|Ship boats=

|Ship complement=65 officers and enlisted

|Ship armament=2 × 20 mm AA guns

|Ship armor=

|Ship notes=

}}

{{Clear}}

Production

Dates are launch dates.{{Cite web |date=6 January 2018 |title=Landing Ships, Medium - LSM, LSM(R), LSV |url=http://shipbuildinghistory.com/smallships/lsm.htm |website=Shipbuilding History}}

Delivery:

  • Q2 1944: 74
  • Q3 1944: 129
  • Q4 1944: 132
  • Q1 1945: 111
  • Q2 1945: 58
  • Q3 1945: 30
  • Q4 1945: 15
  • 1946: 9

Legacy

One LSM, {{USS|LSM-45}}, survived in its original configuration until around 2010. It was in storage at Marine Station Camp Lejeune in Jacksonville, North Carolina. It was slated to become the centerpiece of the Museum of the Marine, but due to changed plans, was scrapped between 2010 and 2014.{{citation needed|date=January 2022}}

Light Amphibious Warship (LAW)

As of February 2023 the US Marine Corps has proposed the purchase of 18 to 35 modern LSMs; this LSM concept was previously known as the Light Amphibious Warship (LAW).{{cite news|title=Marine Corps Requirements Call for 9 Light Amphibious Ships per Regiment |date=February 2023 |first=Mallory |last=Shelbourne |url=https://news.usni.org/2023/02/14/marine-corps-requirements-call-for-9-light-amphibious-ships-per-regiment |newspaper=USNI News |publisher=United States Naval Institute }}{{cite news|title=SECNAV Del Toro 'Excited' About New Landing Ship Mediums |date=February 2023 |first=John |last=Grady |url=https://news.usni.org/2023/02/22/secnav-del-toro-excited-about-new-landing-ship-mediums |newspaper=USNI News |publisher=United States Naval Institute }}

See also

References

  • LSM-LSMR: WWII Amphibious Forces, Turner Publishing Co.; Paducah, Kentucky, {{ISBN|1-56311-140-3}}
  • Jane's Fighting Ships, 1980–81
  • [http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ref/ONI/ONI-226/ONI-226.pdf US Navy, ONI 226, Allied Landing Craft and Ships, April 1944]

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20070110205637/http://lsmlsmr.org/ USS LSM/LSMR Association]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20061106071738/http://www.navsource.org/archives/10/14idx.htm NavSource Photo Archives]
  • [http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ships/ships-ls.html Landing Ships] ibiblio.org
  • [http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ships/dafs/LSM/lsm319-Carey.html My Life Aboard the LSM-319 by Eugene Carey]
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=rt8DAAAAMBAJ&dq=popular+mechanics+aircraft+carrier&pg=PA120 The Navy's Smallest Aircraft Carrier, July 1958, Popular Mechanics] small article on conversion of LSM-445 to a target drone launching vessel

{{Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries}}

Landing Ship Medium (LSM)

Category:Landing ships of the United States Navy

Category:Ship classes of the French Navy