Landlord and Tenant Board
{{Short description|Adjudicative tribunal in Ontario, Canada}}
{{Infobox government agency
|agency_name = Landlord and Tenant Board
Commission de la location immobilière (French)
|logo =
|logo_width =
|logo_caption =
|preceding1 = Ontario Rental Housing Tribunal
|formed = January 31, 2007
|dissolved =
|jurisdiction = Province of Ontario
|headquarters = 25 Grosvenor Street
|minister1_name = Attorney General of Ontario
|chief1_name =
|chief1_position =
|agency_type = Tribunal
|parent_agency = Tribunals Ontario
|keydocument1 = Residential Tenancies Act, 2006
|website = {{URL|https://tribunalsontario.ca/ltb/}}
}}
The Landlord and Tenant Board ({{langx|fr|Commission de la location immobilière}}) is an adjudicative tribunal operating in the province of Ontario that provides dispute resolution of landlord and tenant matters under the Residential Tenancies Act, 2006. It is one of the 13 adjudicative tribunals overseen by the Ministry of the Attorney General that make up Tribunals Ontario.{{cite web |title=Welcome to Tribunals Ontario |url=https://tribunalsontario.ca/en/ |website=Tribunals Ontario |publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario |accessdate=November 11, 2020}}
Process
Either landlords or tenants may file an application to the board. The parties can choose to first attempt to resolve the matter through mediation. If the mediation is unsuccessful or if the parties choose not to attempt mediation, then an adjudication hearing is held in which a board member hears evidence from both parties before issuing an order. The Statutory Powers Procedure Act provides a general framework for the conduct of hearings before Ontario's administrative tribunals including the LTB.
A landlord may apply to the board to increase a unit's rent above the province's rent control guidelines or to evict a tenant. Tenants can dispute evictions, apply for rent reductions or rebates due to a landlord's failure to meet maintenance obligations, apply for work orders or other orders, or grieve other violations of the Residential Tenancies Act. In Ontario, a landlord cannot evict a tenant without a hearing before the board.{{cite web|url=https://riverviewlegal.ca/landlord-tenant/frequently-asked-questions-about-evictions/|title=Frequently Asked Questions (About Evictions)|publisher=Riverview Legal Services|accessdate=August 29, 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://www.ltb.gov.on.ca/en/Key_Information/STEL02_111677.html|title=A Guide to the Residential Tenancies Act|publisher=Landlord and Tenant Board|accessdate=February 24, 2013}}
Ontario-based newspapers have published stories about landlords being months in arrears for rent with no options available to reduce their losses while they wait for hearings.{{Cite web|url=https://www.therecord.com/news/waterloo-region/2016/06/02/landlords-must-pay-cambridge-tenant-4-770-for-sewage-backups-in-kitchen.html|title=Landlords must pay Cambridge tenant $4,770 for sewage backups in kitchen|date=Jun 2, 2016|website=therecord.com|accessdate=Dec 30, 2022}} Continued delays in processing evictions has resulted in some landlords nearing bankruptcy{{Cite web |title=This GTA condo owner says he's struggling 'to make ends meet' as tenant won't pay $20K in rent |url=https://ca.news.yahoo.com/gta-condo-owner-says-hes-090000485.html |access-date=2023-02-17 |website=ca.news.yahoo.com |date=17 February 2023 |language=en-CA}} and becoming homeless.{{Cite web |title=Small landlords who became homeless during pandemic blame 'broken' system |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/small-landlords-ontario-landlord-tenant-board-homeless-1.6409024}}
Legal representation
In Ontario, a person may be represented by an individual licensed by the Law Society of Ontario such as a lawyer or a paralegal.{{cite web
|url=http://www.sjto.gov.on.ca/documents/sjto/Practice%20Directions/Representation%20before%20SJTO.html
|title=Practice Direction on Representation before Social Justice Tribunals Ontario
|publisher=Landlord and Tenant Board
|accessdate=August 29, 2017
}} There are other exemptions for unpaid representatives such as direct employees of the landlord or in the case of a tenant a friend or family member. It is the obligation of the individual claiming the representation exemption to provide proof to the board of their legal authorization to represent a person or company in front of the board. Prior to a board hearing tenants are offered the opportunity to speak to tenant duty counsel which is usually provided by a community legal aid clinic funded through Legal Aid Ontario.{{cite web|url=https://legalaid.on.ca/en/getting/dutycounsel_tenant.asp|title=Tenant duty counsel|publisher=Legal Aid Ontario|accessdate=August 29, 2017}}
==Jurisdiction==
According to the Residential Tenancies Act, 2006 (RTA), the LTB has the jurisdiction to resolve all matters between landlords and tenants, to mediate or adjudicate eviction applications from non-profit housing co-operatives, and provide information to landlords, tenants about their rights and responsibilities under the RTA as well as information about LTB’s practices and procedure.
Under the RTA, a tenant must be in possession of a rental unit prior to filing an application with the board.{{cite web|url=http://canlii.ca/t/h532z|title=SWL-00849-17-IN2 (Re), 2017 CanLII 48972 (ON LTB)|publisher=CanLII|accessdate=August 29, 2017}}
If a landlord would like to make a claim against a tenant after a tenant has vacated the rental unit, the landlord must file an L10 with the LTB.{{cite web|url=http://canlii.ca/t/h532z|title=Hogg v McConnell, 2015 CanLII 31347 (ON SCSM)|publisher=CanLII|accessdate=August 29, 2017}}{{cite web|url=http://canlii.ca/t/gjbp8|title=Valles v Advantagewon Inc, 2015 CanLII 29533 (ON SCSM)|publisher=CanLII|accessdate=August 29, 2017}}
Legal decisions
Some LTB decisions are published by CanLII. As of 2021, there were 19,621 decisions posted to CanLII.{{Cite web|url=https://www.canlii.org/en/on/onltb/|title=CanLII, Landlord and Tenant Board - Ontario, retrieved 2021-06-17|accessdate=Dec 30, 2022}}
The LTB processes around 80,000 applications per year.{{Cite web|url=https://caselaw.ninja/index.php/LTB_Statistics>|title=Caselaw.Ninja - LTB Statistics, retrieved 2021-06-17|accessdate=Dec 30, 2022}}[https://tribunalsontario.ca/documents/TO/Tribunals_Ontario_2019-2020_Annual_Report_EN.pdf Tribunals Ontario 2019-20 Annual Report retrieved 2021-05-28] A majority of those applications are non-payment of rent applications.
=Publication of LTB decisions=
Access to Adjudicative Records at the Landlord and Tenant Board is governed by the Tribunal Adjudicative Records Act, 2019, S.O. 2019, c. 7, Sched. 60,{{Cite web|url=https://www.ontario.ca/laws/view|title=Law Document English View|date=Jul 24, 2014|website=www.ontario.ca|accessdate=Dec 30, 2022}} and the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. F.31.
According to Toronto Star v. AG Ontario, 2018 ONSC 2586 (CanLII){{Cite web|url=https://canlii.ca/t/hrq6s|title=Toronto Star v. AG Ontario, 2018 ONSC 2586 (CanLII), retrieved on 2021-05-20|website=CanLII|accessdate=Dec 30, 2022}} decisions of the Ontario landlord and Tenant Board are not subject to the privacy considerations as personal information under the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. F.31.
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- {{official website|https://tribunalsontario.ca/ltb/}}
{{ONGovDept}}
Category:2007 establishments in Ontario
Category:Courts and tribunals established in 2007