Langat virus

{{virusbox

| name = Langat virus

| parent = Flavivirus

| species = Orthoflavivirus langatense

}}

Langat virus (LGTV) is a virus of the genus Flavivirus. The virus was first isolated in Malaysia in 1956 from a hard tick of the Ixodes genus.{{cite journal|last1=Smith|first1=CE|title=A virus resembling Russian spring-summer encephalitis virus from an ixodid tick in Malaya.|journal=Nature|date=15 September 1956|volume=178|issue=4533|pages=581–2|pmid=13369466|doi=10.1038/178581a0|bibcode=1956Natur.178..581G|s2cid=4272594}} This virus is antigenically related to Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus, Kyasanur forest disease virus, Alkhurma virus, Louping ill virus and other viruses of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) complex. The Langat virus does not pose a significant epidemiological threat in comparison with TBEV. There are no known cases of human diseases associated with LGTV.{{cite journal |vauthors=Gritsun TS, Lashkevich VA, Gould EA |title=Tick-borne encephalitis |journal=Antiviral Res |volume=57 |issue=1–2 |pages=129–46 |date=January 2003 |pmid=12615309 |doi=10.1016/S0166-3542(02)00206-1 }} The Malaysian strain (LGT strain TP21, also known as the Yelantsev virus) is naturally attenuated and induces neutralizing antibodies to tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and protection against other TBEV complex viruses in animals.{{cite journal|last1=Rumyantsev|first1=A. A.|last2=Murphy|first2=B. R.|last3=Pletnev|first3=A. G.|title=A Tick-Borne Langat Virus Mutant That Is Temperature Sensitive and Host Range Restricted in Neuroblastoma Cells and Lacks Neuroinvasiveness for Immunodeficient Mice|journal=Journal of Virology|date=13 January 2006|volume=80|issue=3|pages=1427–39|doi=10.1128/JVI.80.3.1427-1439.2006|pmid=16415020|pmc=1346960}}

LGTV-based vaccine

In the 1970s a live attenuate LGTV-based vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis was made. At the same time, another vaccine was tested, but the group vaccinated with the LGTV-based vaccine had the lowest level of developing infection decease.{{cite journal |author1=Shapoval AN |author2=Kamalov II |author3=Denisova EIu |author4=Sokolova ED |author5=Luzin PM |author6=Shamarina AG |author7=Gusmanova AG |author8=Pinaeva NI |title=Study of the distant consequences of immunizing people with a live vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis |journal=Tr Inst Im Pastera |volume=65 |pages=133–5 |year=1989 |pmid=2629181 |language=Russian}} However, there were two major problems: the relatively high rate of incidents of encephalitis (1:10,000) and lack of absolute protection from infection in endemic regions.{{cn|date=October 2022}}

References

Category:Flaviviruses