Large Combustion Plant Directive
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{{EngvarB|date=July 2018}}
The Large Combustion Plant Directive (LCPD, 2001/80/EC) is a European Union directive which required member states of the European Union to legislatively limit flue gas emissions from combustion plant having thermal capacity of 50 MW or greater.
Directive
The directive applied to fossil-fuel power stations, and other large thermal plant such as petroleum refineries and steelworks.{{cite web
|url=http://www.defra.gov.uk/industrial-emissions/eu-international/lcpd/
|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130822084033/http://www.defra.gov.uk/industrial-emissions/eu-international/lcpd/
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=2013-08-22
|title=Large Combustion Plant Directive
|publisher=Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs}} The directive specified emission limits for sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and dust.{{cite web|url=http://www.sepa.org.uk/air/process_industry_regulation/large_combustion_plant.aspx |title=Large Combustion Plant Directive |publisher=Scottish Environment Protection Agency |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140125114520/http://www.sepa.org.uk/air/process_industry_regulation/large_combustion_plant.aspx |archive-date=25 January 2014 }} The directive was issued in October 2001. It replaced the earlier EEC directive on large combustion plants, 88/609/EEC, issued in November 1988.{{cite web|url=http://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/pollutants/stationary/lcp/legislation.htm |title=Large Combustion Plants Directive |publisher=European Commission |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102043754/http://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/pollutants/stationary/lcp/legislation.htm |archive-date=2 January 2014 }}
Under the terms of the directive, combustion plant built after 1987 had to comply with specific emissions limits. From 2007, plant built earlier than that could either opt to comply with the emissions limits, or "opt out".{{cite web
|
url=http://www.eon-uk.com/generation/1602.aspx
|
title=Large combustion plant directive
|
publisher=e.on
|
access-date=25 February 2013
|
archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103042345/http://eon-uk.com/generation/1602.aspx
|
archive-date=3 January 2010
|
url-status=dead
}} Plant which opted out were limited to a maximum of 20,000 hours of further operation, and had to close completely by the end of 2015.{{cite web
|title=Europe: More Coal, Then Less
|date=1 May 2012
|author=Charles Butcher
|url=http://www.powermag.com/nuclear/Europe-More-Coal-Then-Less_4597.html
|publisher=Power}} Across Europe, 205 plants have opted out, with Britain having the largest proportion of opted-out plant in terms of total capacity.{{cite news
|title=UK and Poland top dirty coal list, closures loom
|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/eu-energy-coal-idUKLC81083120090213
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307155422/http://uk.reuters.com/article/eu-energy-coal-idUKLC81083120090213
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=7 March 2016
|date=13 February 2009
|author=Pete Harrison
|work=Reuters}}
The Large Combustion Plant Directive was superseded by the Industrial Emissions Directive on 1 January 2016.{{cite web
|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201213/ldselect/ldeucom/161/161/16116.htm
|title=No Country is an Energy Island: Securing Investment for the EU's Future
|author=House of Lords European Union Committee
|date=2 May 2013}}
UK opted-out plant
The nine opted-out generating stations supplying the National Grid were:{{cite web
|title=Large Combustion Plant Directive
|quote=On 1st January 2008 there will be 11550 MW of opted out generation.
|url=http://www.nationalgrid.com/NR/rdonlyres/DD31ED99-F769-4995-84E3-809E29CE2E19/19877/pp07_32_LCPD_revised.pdf
|publisher=National Grid}}
| class="wikitable" | ||
| Station | Generating capacity (MW) | Closure date |
|---|---|---|
| Grain | 1,300 | December 2012 |
| Kingsnorth | 1,940 | December 2012 |
| Didcot 'A' | 1,940 | March 2013 |
| Cockenzie | 1,152 | March 2013 |
| Fawley | 990 | March 2013 |
| Ferrybridge | 980 (half) | March 2014 |
| Ironbridge | 970 | 20 November 2015 |
| Tilbury | 1,037 | August 2013{{cite web
|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-23695656 |title=Tilbury biomass power station is turned off |date=14 August 2013 |work=BBC News}} |
| Littlebrook | 1,245 | March 2015 |
| Total | 11,550 |
Opted-out plant exists at four other sites; however, only certain plant at these sites is affected.{{cite web|title=United Kingdom National Emission Reduction Plan for implementation of the revised Large Combustion Plants Directive (2001/80/EC)|url=http://archive.defra.gov.uk/environment/quality/air/airquality/eu-int/eu-directives/lcpd/documents/lcpd-nationalplan-update7.pdf|date=October 2012|publisher=Defra|access-date=25 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121222232518/http://archive.defra.gov.uk/environment/quality/air/airquality/eu-int/eu-directives/lcpd/documents/lcpd-nationalplan-update7.pdf|archive-date=22 December 2012|url-status=dead}}
- Ballylumford power station,
- boilers 15 & 16 at Slough Heat & Power Ltd,
- boiler 3 at BP's Coryton Refinery, Stanford-le-Hope
- an E.ON site at Workington
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32001L0080&qid=1442050099090&from=EN Directive 2001/80/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council]
Category:Electric power in the European Union
Category:European Union energy law