Latest Danian Event
The Latest Danian Event (LDE) was a hyperthermal event that occurred at the end of the Danian stage.
Timing
Effects
The LDE was similar in essence to the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), although significantly smaller in magnitude.{{cite journal |last1=Sprong |first1=M. |last2=Youssef |first2=J. A. |last3=Bornemann |first3=André |last4=Schulte |first4=P. |last5=Steurbaut |first5=E. |last6=Stassen |first6=P. |last7=Kouwenhoven |first7=T. J. |last8=Speijer |first8=Robert P. |date=September 2011 |title=A multi-proxy record of the Latest Danian Event at Gebel Qreiya, Eastern Desert, Egypt |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/34511141.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Journal of Micropalaeontology |volume=30 |issue=2 |pages=167–182 |bibcode=2011JMicP..30..167S |doi=10.1144/0262-821X10-023 |s2cid=55038043 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628093332/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/34511141.pdf |archive-date=28 June 2023 |access-date=26 November 2022}}{{Cite journal |last1=Sprong |first1=J. |last2=Kouwenhoven |first2=Tanja J. |last3=Bornemann |first3=André |last4=Dupuis |first4=C. |last5=Speijer |first5=Robert P. |last6=Stassen |first6=Peter |last7=Steurbaut |first7=E. |date=June 2013 |title=In search of the Latest Danian Event in a paleobathymetric transect off Kasserine Island, north-central Tunisia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018213000485?casa_token=9m0EGT9mdIoAAAAA:sFB5aaM8xJoVP6Pe43XQNB6XUVqyE2obrjvbTfIYVbq0IeaJ3b6npBur8E5tzXMLK8SBhDL4RM8 |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |language=en |volume=379-380 |pages=1–16 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.01.018 |access-date=9 March 2025 |via=Elsevier Science Direct|url-access=subscription }} Seawater warmed by about 2-3 °C in both the surface oceans and the deep oceans.{{cite journal |last1=Bornemann |first1=André |last2=Jehle |first2=Sofie |last3=Lägel |first3=Friederike |last4=Deprez |first4=Arne |last5=Petrizzo |first5=Maria Rose |last6=Speijer |first6=Robert P. |date=22 February 2021 |title=Planktic foraminiferal response to an early Paleocene transient warming event and biostratigraphic implications |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00531-020-01972-z? |journal=International Journal of Earth Sciences |volume=110 |issue=2 |pages=583–594 |bibcode=2021IJEaS.110..583B |doi=10.1007/s00531-020-01972-z |s2cid=231981891 |access-date=26 November 2022 |hdl-access=free |hdl=2434/817466}} The LDE led to a significant shoaling of the oceanic lysocline, which is evidenced by the greatly reduced calcium carbonate preservation that occurred during the event.{{cite journal |last1=Jehle |first1=Sofie |last2=Bornemann |first2=André |last3=Lägel |first3=Anna Friederike |last4=Deprez |first4=Arne |last5=Speijer |first5=Robert P. |date=1 July 2019 |title=Paleoceanographic changes across the Latest Danian Event in the South Atlantic Ocean and planktic foraminiferal response |url=https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/637634/2/Jehle_et_al_2019%28LDE-Atlantic-Last-upload_Palaeo3%29.pdf |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |volume=525 |pages=1–13 |bibcode=2019PPP...525....1J |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.03.024 |s2cid=134929774 |access-date=6 November 2022}} Significant black shale deposition occurred during the LDE, a consequence of sea level rise and clastic starvation combined with enhanced nutrient input into the ocean and anoxia.{{Cite journal |last1=Schulte |first1=Peter |last2=Schwark |first2=Lorenz |last3=Stassen |first3=Peter |last4=Kouwenhoven |first4=Tanja J. |last5=Bornemann |first5=André |last6=Speijer |first6=Robert P. |date=1 February 2013 |title=Black shale formation during the Latest Danian Event and the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum in central Egypt: Two of a kind? |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018212006700?casa_token=TFvxQGEIfdsAAAAA:BV_M_y7m837rksh4hEKKvuyXeqqqZFniO2W4vX-jHHJUUPEQ4_YhElbUqSjlu4B7yeZOnk_XQUg |journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology |language=en |volume=371 |pages=9–25 |doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.11.027 |access-date=9 March 2025 |via=Elsevier Science Direct|url-access=subscription }}
The planktonic foraminifer genus Morozovella, especially the species M. angulata, increased in abundance.{{Cite journal |last=Orabi |first=Orabi H. |last2=Ismail |first2=Heba |last3=Taha |first3=Saida |date=25 March 2024 |title=The early Danian event (Dan-C2) and the latest Danian event (LDE): a case study from Gebel Kilabiya, Egypt |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43994-024-00135-z |journal=Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Applied Sciences |language=en |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=764–784 |doi=10.1007/s43994-024-00135-z |issn=2731-6734 |access-date=10 March 2025 |via=Springer Nature Link|doi-access=free }} Sediment core analysis from Shatsky Rise shows that 40 kyr before LDE1, an increase in phytodetritus occurred, increasing the abundance of the benthic foraminifer Tappanina selmensis. The start of LDE1 brought about oligotrophic conditions on the seafloor, which continued through LDE2.{{Cite journal |last1=Deprez |first1=Arne |last2=Jehle |first2=Sofie |last3=Bornemann |first3=André |last4=Speijer |first4=Robert P. |date=December 2017 |title=Pronounced biotic and environmental change across the latest Danian warming event (LDE) at Shatsky Rise, Pacific Ocean (ODP Site 1210) |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377839817300245?casa_token=wloDOAG-7QQAAAAA:kbGY6wAWvqS9nyvViFbqyXCTiBebhdW905IYCyGewl3K0Rm5zjVLURZnUylGj5xjB0cb1K-BRs0 |journal=Marine Micropaleontology |language=en |volume=137 |pages=31–45 |doi=10.1016/j.marmicro.2017.10.001 |access-date=9 March 2025 |via=Elsevier Science Direct|url-access=subscription }} Unlike the PETM, the LDE did not result in an extinction of benthic foraminifera.{{cite journal |last1=Jehle |first1=Sofie |last2=Bornemann |first2=André |last3=Deprez |first3=Arne |last4=Speijer |first4=Robert P. |date=25 November 2015 |title=The Impact of the Latest Danian Event on Planktic Foraminiferal Faunas at ODP Site 1210 (Shatsky Rise, Pacific Ocean) |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=10 |issue=11 |pages=e0141644 |bibcode=2015PLoSO..1041644J |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0141644 |pmc=4659543 |pmid=26606656 |doi-access=free}}
See also
References
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