Le Moulin de la Galette (Van Gogh series)

In 1886 van Gogh left the Netherlands for Paris and the guidance of his brother Theo van Gogh. While van Gogh had been influenced by great Dutch masters, coming to Paris meant that he would have the opportunity to be influenced by Impressionists, Symbolists, Pointillists, and Japanese art. His circle of friends included Émile Bernard, Paul Gauguin, Camille Pissarro, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul Vogler and others.{{cite book | title=The World of Van Gogh (1853–1890) | author=Wallace, R | editor= of Time-Life Books | publisher=Time-Life Books | location=Alexandria, VA, USA | year=1969 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/worldofvangogh1800wall/page/40 40], 69 | url=https://archive.org/details/worldofvangogh1800wall| url-access=registration }}

Montmartre, a butte overlooking Paris, was known for its bars, cafes, and dance-hall. It was also located on the edge of countryside that afforded van Gogh the opportunity to work on paintings of rural settings while living in Paris.{{cite book | title=Millet to Matisse: Nineteenth- and Twentieth-century French painting from |author1=Hamilton, V |author2=Kelvingrove Museum |author3=Art Gallery | publisher=Yale University Press with Glasgow Museums | location=New Haven and London | year=2002 | pages=104–105 | isbn=0-902752-65-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h2H6FzdXl84C&pg=PA104}}

The landscape and windmills around Montmartre were the source of inspiration for a number of van Gogh's paintings. Moulin de la Galette, the windmill still mounted over the moved establishment, is located near the apartment that van Gogh shared with his brother Theo from 1886 until 1888. Built in 1622, it was originally called Blute-Fin and belonged to the Debray family in the 19th century. Van Gogh met artists such as Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul Signac and Paul Gauguin who inspired him to incorporate Impressionism into his artwork. Among other things, this resulted in lighter, more colorful works of art.{{cite book | title=Frommer's Memorable Walks in Paris | author=Mroue, H | publisher=Wiley Publishing Inc. | location=Hoboken | year=1999 | page=123 | isbn=0-471-77648-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4r9itsvPqyQC&pg=PA123 }}

Moulin de la Galette was also the name of an outdoor dance hall that was located between two of the last windmills on a Montmartre hilltop. In addition to van Gogh, Toulouse-Lautrec and Pierre-Auguste Renoir also painted Moulin de la Galette.{{cite book | title=Picasso's Paris: walking tours of the artist's life in the city | author=Williams, E | publisher=The Little Bookroom | location=New York | year=1999 | page=19| isbn=0-9641262-7-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vQ63kxbSm4gC&pg=PA19 }} Renoir's painting of the dance hall is titled Bal du moulin de la Galette.

In van Gogh's first year in Paris he painted rural areas around Montmartre, such as the butte and its windmills. The colors were sometimes somber, and evoke a sense of his anxiety and loneliness, while other paintings were bright and evoked an enthusiastic intense nature.{{cite book | title=A remarkable friendship: Vincent van Gogh and John Peter Russell | author=Galbally, A | publisher=Melbourne University Publishing | location=Carlton, Victoria| year=2008 | page=145| isbn=978-0-5228-5376--6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OXpgapo52p8C&pg=PA145}}

File:Van Gogh - Le Moulin de la Galette1.jpeg|Le Moulin de la Galette
1886
Stiftung Langmatt, Baden, Switzerland (F226)

File:Van Gogh - Le Moulin de la Galette3.jpeg|Le Moulin de la Galette
1886
Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, Netherlands (F227)

Image:Vincent Willem van Gogh 066.jpg|Le Moulin de la Galette
1886
Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin (F228)

Le Moulin de la Galette, also called The Blute-Fin Windmill, Montmartre (F274) reflects van Gogh's artistic transition from his work in the Netherlands which was somber and heavy. Influenced by Impressionism, van Gogh's painted this work with lighter colors and unrestrained brushstrokes to capture light and movement. Van Gogh made the painting from an empty lot on rue Lepic, the street in which he lived with Theo. The painting features the Moulin de Blute-Fin, a 17th-century grain-mill, which was an attraction for its views of Paris. At this time there were three windmills on the butte, but this was the windmill van Gogh favored as a subject for his paintings. Moulin a Poivre, a second windmill, is just inside the left frame of the painting on the horizon. The painting was sold by Scottish art dealer Alex Reid to William McInnes and with van Gogh's Portrait of Alexander Reid is in the collection of Glasgow Museums.

Le Moulin de la Galette (F348) is an example how van Gogh used a technique for heavily applying paint called impasto that it created a relief effect, partly to convey emotion. The brushstrokes in the windmill and doorsteps are noticeable. The faces of the two people were created with just a couple of brushstrokes.{{cite book | title=A Visit to Buenos Aires National Museum of Fine Arts | author=Estefanía, L | publisher=Editorial Albatros SACI | location=Buenos Aires| year=2005 | page=33| isbn=978-950-24-1171-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eVwFZv40gL8C&pg=PA33 }}

File:Van Gogh - Le Moulin de la Galette.jpeg|Le Moulin de la Galette also The Blute-Fin Windmill, Montmartre
1886
Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, Glasgow (F274)

File:Van Gogh - Le Moulin de la Galette5.jpeg|Le Moulin de la Galette
1886
Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires, Argentina (F348)

File:Van Gogh - Le Moulin de la Galette4.jpeg|Le Moulin de la Galette
1886
Private collection (F349)

In addition to Le Moulin de la Galette (F274), which is also named The Blute-Fin Windmill, Montmartre, there are several other paintings with the name Blute-Fin.

File:Vincent van Gogh - Le Moulin de blute-fin(1886).jpg|Le Moulin de blute-fin, 1886, Museum de Fundatie, Zwolle [http://www.artdaily.com/index.asp?int_sec=2&int_new=36470 Art Daily Van Gogh Experts Authenticate Unusual Painting Now on View at Museum de Fundatie]

Vincent van Gogh - Windmills on Montmartre - Google Art Project.jpg|Le Moulin de Blute-Fin, 1886, Bridgestone Museum of Art, Tokyo (F273)

File:Van Gogh - Montmartre bei der oberen Mühle.jpeg|Terrace and Observation Deck at the Moulin de Blute-Fin, Montmartre, 1886, Art Institute of Chicago(F272)

Here are the images of paintings from van Gogh's period in Paris that include windmills:

File:Van Gogh - Blick auf Montmartre mit Steinbruch und Mühlen.jpeg|The Hill of Montmartre with Stone Quarry
1886
Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam (F229)

File:Van Gogh - Blick auf Montmartre mit Steinbruch und Mühlen1.jpeg|The Hill of Montmartre with Quarry
1886
Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam (F230)

File:Van Gogh - Blick auf Montmartre mit Mühlen.jpeg|The Hill of Montmartre also View of Montmartre with Windmills
1886
Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, Netherlands (F266)

File:Van Gogh - Windmühle auf dem Montmartre.jpeg|Windmill on Montmartre (b/w copy)
1886
Destroyed by fire in 1967 (F271)

File:Van Gogh - Gemüsegärten auf dem Montmartre.jpeg|Vegetable Gardens in Montmartre: La Butte Montmartre
1887
Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam (F346)

File:Vincent Willem van Gogh 133.jpg|Street Scene in Montmartre: Le Moulin a Poivre
1887
Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam (F347)

File:Vincent Willem van Gogh 045.jpg|Vegetable Gardens in Montmartre: La Butte Montmartre
1887
Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam (F350)

File:Scène de Rue à Montmartre.jpg|Street Scene in Montmartre
1887
Private collection (No F number, JH1240)

• List of works by Vincent van Gogh

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Category:1886 paintings

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