Lebak Regency

{{Short description|Regency in Banten, Indonesia}}

{{Infobox settlement

| official_name = Lebak Regency

| native_name = Kabupaten Lebak

| translit_lang1 = Other

| translit_lang1_type1 = Sundanese

| translit_lang1_info1 = {{Sund|ᮊᮘᮥᮕᮒᮦᮔ᮪ ᮜᮨᮘᮊ᮪}}

| settlement_type = Regency

| image_skyline = Rumah adat Sulah Nyanda BADUY.jpg

| image_caption = Baduy village

| image_flag =

| image_shield = Coat of arms of Lebak.svg

| seal_size =

| nickname = Lebak

| motto = {{Sund|ᮄᮙᮔ᮪ ᮃᮙᮔ᮪ ᮅᮙᮔ᮪ ᮃᮙᮤᮔ᮪}}
Iman Aman Uman Amin
(Faithful, Safe, All-given by God)

| image_map = Locator kabupaten lebak.png

| map_caption = Location within Banten

| pushpin_map = Indonesia_Java#Indonesia

| pushpin_mapsize =

| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Java and Indonesia

| coordinates = {{coord|-6.65|106.21667|region:ID|display=inline,title}}

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = {{flag|Indonesia}}

| subdivision_type1 = Province

| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Banten}}

| seat_type = Regency seat

| seat = Rangkasbitung

| established_title =

| established_date =

| government_type =

| leader_title = Regent

| leader_name = {{Ill|Mochamad Hasbi Asyidiki Jayabaya|lt=Mochamad Hasbi Asyidiki Jayabaya|id}}

| leader_title2 = Vice Regent

| leader_name2 = {{Ill|Amir Hamzah (politikus, lahir 1965)|lt=Amir Hamzah|id}}

| area_total_km2 = 3481.35

| area_land_km2 =

| area_water_km2 =

| area_water_percent =

| elevation_m =

| population_total = 1480593

| population_as_of = mid 2023 estimate

| population_density_km2 = auto

| population_note = Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kabupaten Lebak Dalam Angka 2024 (sum of returns in district Katalogs as referenced below)

| demographics_type1 = Demographics

| demographics1_title1 = Ethnic groups

| demographics1_info1 = Bantenese, Sundanese

| timezone = IWST

| utc_offset = +7

| timezone_DST =

| utc_offset_DST =

| postal_code_type =

| postal_code =

| area_code_type = Area code

| area_code = (+62) 252

| website = {{URL|lebakkab.go.id}}

| footnotes =

}}

Lebak Regency is a regency of Banten province, Indonesia. It is located on the island of Java. The regency has an area of 3,481.35 km2 and had a population of 1,204,095 at the 2010 censusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and 1,386,793 at the 2020 census;Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 1,480,593.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kabupaten Lebak Dalam Angka 2024 (sum of returns in district Katalogs as referenced below) The town of Rangkasbitung in the north of the regency is the administrative centre. The regency is bordered by the Pandeglang Regency to the west, the Serang Regency to the north, and the Tangerang Regency to the north-east, by the Bogor and Sukabumi regencies (both in West Java Province) to the east, and by the Indian Ocean to the south.

History

{{More citations needed section|date=April 2024}}

The Lebak Regency is the regency to which the Dutchman Eduard Douwes Dekker, better known by his pseudonym Multatuli, was appointed in 1856 as Assistant Resident. Douwes Dekker observed that the local regent exploited the local population and requested his removal. He made a few mistakes in this. He bypassed his direct chief and overlooked the size of abuse by the regent. The regent being of local nobility but paid by the colonial government was regularly in poor circumstances having to keep up with demands of patronage for his large family, according to the adat, the traditional law. Bad practices were known and condoned to a certain extent by the colonial administration. Governmental research that same year showed however more serious abuse by the lesser local officials. The governor-general disapproved of Dekker's tactless conduct and ordered his replacement, which Dekker refused. He resigned after three months of duty in Lebak. Home he published four years later Max Havelaar, or the Coffee Auctions of the Dutch Trading Company, a pamphlet-novel, which had great influence on later administrators, less by force of analysis than by the vigour of its language, setting a new standard for Dutch literature.

Administrative districts

The regency is divided into 28 districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their areas and populations from the 2010 census and the 2020 census; together with the official estimates as at mid 2023.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kabupaten Lebak Dalam Angka 2024 (sum of returns in district Katalogs as referenced below) The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 340 rural desa and 5 urban kelurahan - the latter all in Rangkasbitung District), and its postal codes.

class="sortable wikitable"
Kode
Wilayah|| Name of
district
(kecamatan) || Area
in
km2 || Pop'n
census
2010|| Pop'n
census
2020|| Pop'n
estimate
mid 2023||Admin
centre||No.
of
villages||Post
codes
36.02.01Malingping Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Malingping Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602010)align="right"| 130.34align="right"| 61,500align="right"| 71,084align="right"| 76,905Malingping Selatanalign="center"| 1442391
36.02.21Wanasalam Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Wanasalam Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602011)align="right"| 133.43align="right"| 51,233align="right"| 58,130align="right"| 62,817Bejodalign="center"| 1342396
36.02.02Panggarangan Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Panggarangan Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602020)align="right"| 180.84align="right"| 35,242align="right"| 38,538align="right"| 41,811Situregenalign="center"| 1142390
36.02.26CiharaBadan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Cihara Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602021){{Cite book |last=Kementerian Dalam Negeri Indonesia |url=https://archive.org/details/PermendagriNo.137Tahun2017 |title=Permendagri No. 137 Tahun 2017 |date=2018-12-29}}{{Cite web |title=Penduduk, Laju Pertumbuhan Penduduk, Distribusi Persentase Penduduk, Kepadatan Penduduk, Rasio Jenis Kelamin Penduduk Menurut Kecamatan di Kabupaten Lebak, 2023 - Tabel Statistik |url=https://lebakkab.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/3/V1ZSbFRUY3lTbFpEYTNsVWNGcDZjek53YkhsNFFUMDkjMw==/penduduk--laju-pertumbuhan-penduduk--distribusi-persentase-penduduk--kepadatan-penduduk--rasio-jenis-kelamin-penduduk-menurut-kecamatan-di-kabupaten-lebak--2023.html?year=2023 |access-date=2025-01-06 |website=lebakkab.bps.go.id}}align="right"| 144.54align="right"| 29,530align="right"| 33,174align="right"| 35,810Ciharaalign="center"| 942392
36.02.03Bayah (a) Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Bayah Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602030)align="right"| 143.29align="right"| 40,716align="right"| 45,435align="right"| 48,346Bayah Baratalign="center"| 1142393
36.02.20Cilograng Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Cilograng Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602031)align="right"| 100.34align="right"| 31,689align="right"| 35,220align="right"| 37,449Gunung Batualign="center"| 1042398
36.02.19Cibeber Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Cibeber Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602040)align="right"| 454.20align="right"| 54,228align="right"| 56,722align="right"| 60,756Warung Bantenalign="center"| 2242394
36.02.16Cijaku Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Cijaku Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602050)align="right"| 134.88align="right"| 26,876align="right"| 30,588align="right"| 32,983Cijakualign="center"| 1142397
36.02.28Cigemblong Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Cigemblong Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602051)align="right"| 144.83align="right"| 19,527align="right"| 21,591align="right"| 23,277Cigemblongalign="center"| 842395
Totals of southern sectoralign="right"| 1,566.69align="right"| 360,541align="right"| 390,482align="right"| 420,154align="center"| 109
36.02.09Banjarsari Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Banjarsari Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602060)align="right"| 149.73align="right"| 57,384align="right"| 65,450align="right"| 70,364Cidahualign="center"| 2042355
36.02.10Cileles Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Cileles Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602070)align="right"| 173.42align="right"| 46,684align="right"| 54,436align="right"| 59,203Cikareoalign="center"| 1242393
36.02.08Gunung KencanaBadan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Gunung Kencana Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602080)align="right" | 159.34align="right"| 32,661align="right"| 38,327align="right"| 41,248Gunung Kencanaalign="center"| 1242354
36.02.07Bojongmanik Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Bojongmanik Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602090)align="right"| 78.29align="right"| 21,206align="right"| 24,565align="right"| 25,865Bojongmanikalign="center"| 942363
36.02.27Cirinten Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Cirinten Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602091)align="right"| 113.59align="right"| 24,765align="right"| 29,155align="right"| 32,162Ciritenalign="center"| 1042365
36.02.06Leuwidamar Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Leuwidamar Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602100)align="right"| 151.10align="right"| 50,430align="right"| 54,462align="right"| 60,437Lebakparahlangalign="center"| 1242362
36.02.05Muncang Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Muncang Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602110)align="right"| 86.19align="right"| 31,615align="right"| 37,279align="right"| 40,166Muncangalign="center"| 1242364
36.02.22SobangBadan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Sobang Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602111)align="right" | 105.80align="right"| 28,361align="right"| 31,263align="right"| 33,215Sinar Jayaalign="center"| 1042315
-42318
36.02.04CipanasBadan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Cipanas Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602120)align="right"| 75.36align="right"| 45,388align="right"| 52,378align="right"| 53,813Sipayungalign="center"| 1442372
36.02.25Lebakgedong Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Lebakgedong Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602121)align="right"| 90.41align="right"| 21,537align="right"| 21,864align="right"| 22,992Banjarsarialign="center"| 642351
36.02.12SajiraBadan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Sajira Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602130)align="right" | 112.26align="right"| 46,366align="right"| 55,832align="right"| 57,276Sajiraalign="center"| 1542371
36.02.11Cimarga Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Cimarga Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602140)align="right"| 194.45align="right"| 60,968align="right"| 71,507align="right"| 76,816Margajayaalign="center"| 1742361
36.02.17Cikulur Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Cikulur Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602150)align="right"| 86.60align="right"| 46,627align="right"| 58,281align="right"| 59,110Curugpanjangalign="center"| 1342356
36.02.15Warunggunung Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Warrunggunung Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602160)align="right"| 47.57align="right"| 52,302align="right"| 62,000align="right"| 67,817Selarrajaalign="center"| 1242352
36.02.18Cibadak Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Cibadak Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602170)align="right"| 35.51align="right"| 58,057align="right"| 70,839align="right"| 68,478Pasar Keongalign="center"| 1542357
36.02.14RangkasbitungBadan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Rangkasbitung Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602180)align="right"| 74.22align="right"| 116,659align="right"| 134,945align="right"| 144,733Muara Ciujung Timuralign="center"| 16 (b)42311
- 42319
36.02.24Kalanganyar Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Kalanganyar Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602181)align="right"| 28.91align="right"| 31,982align="right"| 38,828align="right"| 41,565Pasir Kupaalign="center"| 742311
- 42312
36.02.13Maja Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Maja Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602190)align="right"| 69.63align="right"| 50,526align="right"| 59,705align="right"| 66,043Majaalign="center"| 1442382
36.02.23Curugbitung Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 26 September 2024, Kecamatan Curugbitung Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3602191)align="right"| 82.28align="right"| 30,036align="right"| 36,534align="right"| 39,136Curugbitungalign="center"| 1042381
Totals of northern sectoralign="right"| 1,914.66align="right"| 843,554align="right"| 996,311align="right"| 1,060,439align="center"| 236
Totals for Lebak Regencyalign="right"| 3,481.35align="right"| 1,204,095align="right"| 1,386,793align="right"| 1,480,593align="center"| 345

Notes: (a) including five small offshore islands - Pulau Manuk, Pulau Tanjunglayar, Pulau Karangbokor, Pulau Karangmalang and Pulau Karangmasigit.
(b) comprising the five kelurahan (with populations in 2023) of Cijoro Lebak (12,808), Cijoro Pasir (11,551), Muara Ciujung Barat (9,569), Muara Ciujung Timur (19,781) and Rangkasbitung Barat (7,825), and eleven desa including Rangkasbitung Timur (14,641).

Tourism

To the southern coast of the regency, there are Sawarna Beach and Ciantir Beach which can be accessed from Jakarta by a 6 hours drive. The modest Sawarna village has no available 24 hours electricity and no television broadcast can be accessed. In some areas, terraced rice fields are like in Ubud, Bali. Ciantir Beach is suitable for professional surfers with the high tides of the Indian Ocean.{{cite web |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/01/22/sawarna-natural-splendor-west-java.html |title=Sawarna, natural splendor in West Java |date=January 22, 2012}}

Since 2018, the regency has operated a history museum in Rangkasbitung, the Multatuli Museum, which focuses on the anti-colonial struggle and the Dutch author Multatuli.

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

Rob Nieuwenhuys, Oost-Indische Spiegel, Amsterdam, 1978.

Rob Nieuwenhuys, De mythe van Lebak, Amsterdam,1987.