Ledger line (tombstone)

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File:LedgerStone RobertHallam KonstanzMinster.jpg (d.1416), Constance Cathedral, showing gothic memorial text on a ledger line]]

A ledger line refers to the parallel lines incised or sculpted around the edge of the top surface of a mediaeval ledger stone (tombstone), laid flat on the floor of a church or on top of a chest tomb (or "altar-tomb"), within which lines is inscribed an epitaph or simple biographical memorial text, generally in gothic script and in Latin. The phrase "inscribed on a ledger line" is commonly found in the writings of English antiquaries.See e.g. Rogers, William Henry Hamilton, The Antient Sepulchral Effigies and Monumental and Memorial Sculpture of Devon, Exeter, 1877, p.76[http://www.mocavo.co.uk/The-Ancient-Sepulchral-Effigies-and-Monumental-and-Memorial-Sculpture-of-Devon-2/392542/257]

Stock phrases or standard elements present in epitaphs within ledger lines on mediaeval church monuments in England include:

• Hic jacet.. (here lies...)
• ... cuius animae propitietur deus amen (generally abbreviated to cuius aie ppitiet ds ame with tildes over the omitted letters) ("whose soul may God look upon with favour Amen")
• Memoriae sacrum ... / MS ("Sacred to the memory (of) ...")