Legislature of British Columbia

{{short description|Legislature of British Columbia, Canada}}

{{use mdy dates|date=November 2021}}

{{Infobox legislature

| name = Legislature of British Columbia

| legislature = 43rd Parliament of British Columbia

| house_type = Unicameral

| houses = Legislative Assembly

| crown-in-parl = The lieutenant governor (representing the King of Canada)

| foundation = {{Start date|1871|07|20}}

| preceded_by = Governor-in-Council of the United Colony of British Columbia

| leader1_type = Monarch

| leader1 = Charles III

| leader1_term = September 8, 2022

| leader2_type = Lieutenant Governor

| leader2 = Wendy Lisogar-Cocchia

| leader2_term = January 30, 2025

| leader3_type = Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia

| leader3 = Raj Chouhan

| party3 = New Democratic

| leader3_term = December 7, 2020

| leader4_type = Premier

| leader4 = David Eby

| party4 = New Democratic

| leader4_term = November 18, 2022

| leader5_type = Leader of the Opposition

| leader5 = John Rustad

| party5 = Conservative

| leader5_term = November 12, 2024

}}

The Legislature of British Columbia is made of two elements: the lieutenant governor (representing the King of Canada), and the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (which meets at the British Columbia Parliament Buildings). The Legislature of British Columbia has existed since the province joined Canada in 1871, before which it was preceded by the Legislature of the United Colony of British Columbia.

Like the Canadian federal government, British Columbia uses a Westminster-style parliamentary government, in which members are sent to the Legislative Assembly after general elections and from there the party with the most seats chooses a premier of British Columbia and the Executive Council of British Columbia. The premier is British Columbia's head of government, while the King of Canada is its head of state and is represented by the lieutenant governor. Before 1903, candidates in British Columbia elections were not affiliated with political parties.

List of parliaments

Following is a list of the 42 times the Legislature has been convened since 1871. This article only covers the time since 1871. For the governing body from 1867 to 1871, see Legislative Council of British Columbia.

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class="wikitable plainrowheaders sticky-header-multi sortable"
width=11%|Assembly
Sessions

!width=8%|Election

!width=9%|Opening date{{cite web |url=http://www.elections.bc.ca/docs/rpt/1871-1986_ElectoralHistoryofBC.pdf |title=Electoral History of British Columbia, 1871-1986 |publisher=Elections BC |access-date=2011-07-16}}

!Dissolution date

!Governing party

!Premier{{cite web |url=http://www.llbc.leg.bc.ca/public/reference/premiers.pdf |title=Premiers of British Columbia 1871- |publisher=BC Legislature |access-date=2011-07-20}}

!Official Opposition party
Leader{{cite web |url=http://www.llbc.leg.bc.ca/public/reference/leaders_of_the_opposition.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220035338/http://www.llbc.leg.bc.ca/public/reference/leaders_of_the_opposition.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2011-02-20 |title=Leaders of the Opposition in British Columbia 1903- |publisher=BC Legislature |access-date=2011-07-20 }}

!Other official parties
Leader{{cite web |url=http://www.llbc.leg.bc.ca/public/reference/partyleaders.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220034808/http://www.llbc.leg.bc.ca/public/reference/partyleaders.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2011-02-20 |title=Party Leaders in British Columbia 1900- |publisher=BC Legislature |access-date=2011-07-20 }}

!Speaker{{cite web |url=http://www.llbc.leg.bc.ca/public/reference/speakers.pdf |title=Speakers of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia 1872- |publisher=BC Legislature |access-date=2011-07-20}}

1st Parliament

4 sessions

|1st general

|November 20, 1871

|August 30, 1875

|NonePolitical parties did not exist in the British Columbia legislature before 1903

|John Foster McCreightUntil December 1872

Amor De CosmosUntil February 1874

George Anthony Walkem

|NoneDid not exist until 1903

|None

|James Trimble

2nd Parliament

3 sessions

|2nd general

|January 10, 1876

|April 12, 1878

|None

|George Anthony WalkemUntil January 25, 1876

Andrew Charles Elliott

|None

|None

|James Trimble

3rd Parliament

5 sessions

|3rd general

|July 29, 1878

|June 13, 1882

|None

|George Anthony WalkemUntil June, 1882

Robert Beaven

|None

|None

|Frederick W. Williams

4th Parliament

4 sessions

|4th general

|January 25, 1883

|June 3, 1886

|None

|Robert BeavenUntil January, 1883

William Smithe

|None

|None

|John Andrew Mara

5th Parliament

4 sessions

|5th general

|January 24, 1887

|May 10, 1890

|None

|William SmitheUntil March, 1887

Alexander Edmund Batson DavieUntil August, 1889

John Robson

|None

|None

|Charles Edward PooleyUntil 1889

David Williams Higgins

6th Parliament

4 sessions

|6th general

|January 15, 1891

|June 2, 1894

|None

|John RobsonUntil June, 1892

Theodore Davie

|None

|None

|David Williams Higgins

7th Parliament

4 sessions

|7th general

|November 12, 1894

|June 7, 1898

|None

|Theodore DavieUntil March, 1895

John Herbert Turner

|None

|None

|David Williams HigginsUntil March, 1898

John Paton Booth

8th Parliament

2 sessions

|8th general

|January 5, 1899

|April 10, 1900

|None

|John Herbert TurnerUntil August, 1898

Charles Augustus SemlinUntil February, 1900

Joseph Martin

|None

|None

|William Thomas Forster

9th Parliament

4 sessions{{cite book |title=Canadian Parliamentary Guide 1905 |year=1905 |last=Magurn |first=A J}}

|9th general

|July 19, 1900

|June 16, 1903

|None

|James DunsmuirUntil November, 1902

Edward Gawler PriorUntil June, 1902

Richard McBride

|None

|None

|John Paton BoothUntil February 26, 1902

Charles Edward Pooley

10th Parliament

|10th general

|November 26, 1903

|December 24, 1906

|Conservative

|Richard McBride

|Liberal

James Alexander MacDonald

|None

|Charles Edward Pooley

11th Parliament

|11th general

|March 7, 1907

|October 20, 1909

|Conservative

|Richard McBride

|Liberal

James Alexander MacDonald

|None

|David McEwen Eberts

12th Parliament

|12th general

|January 20, 1910

|February 27, 1912

|Conservative

|Richard McBride

|Liberal

James Alexander MacDonald

|None

|David McEwen Eberts

13th Parliament

|13th general

|January 16, 1913

|May 31, 1916

|Conservative

|Richard McBrideUntil December, 1915

William John Bowser

|Liberal

Harlan Carey Brewster

|None

|David McEwen Eberts

14th Parliament

|14th general

|March 1, 1917

|October 23, 1920

|Liberal

|Harlan Carey BrewsterUntil March, 1918

John Oliver

|Conservative

William John Bowser

|None

|John Walter WeartUntil February, 1918

John Keen

15th Parliament

|15th general

|February 8, 1921

|May 10, 1924

|Liberal

|John Oliver

|Conservative

James Alexander MacDonald

|None

|Alexander Malcolm MansonUntil January 28, 1922

Frederick Arthur Pauline

16th Parliament

|16th general

|November 3, 1924

|June 7, 1928

|Liberal

|John OliverUntil August 17, 1927

John Duncan MacLean

|Conservative

Robert Henry Pooley

|Provincial

Alexander Duncan McRae

|John Andrew Buckham

17th Parliament

|17th general

|January 22, 1929

|August 1, 1933

|Conservative

|Simon Fraser Tolmie

|Liberal

Thomas Dufferin Pattullo

|None

|James William JonesUntil 1930

Cyril Francis Davie

18th Parliament

|18th general

|February 20, 1934

|April 12, 1937

|Liberal

|Thomas Dufferin Pattullo

|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Robert ConnellAfter August 1936, following a split in the party, the Social Constructive Party led by Connell became the official opposition

|Unionist

Simon Fraser Tolmie

|Henry George Thomas Perry

19th Parliament

|19th general

|October 26, 1937

|July 21, 1941

|Liberal

|Thomas Dufferin Pattullo

|Conservative

Frank Porter Patterson

|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Harold WinchFrom June, 1939

|Norman William Whittaker

20th Parliament

|20th general

|December 4, 1941

|August 31, 1945

|Liberal-Conservative coalition

|John Hart

|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Harold Winch

|None

|Norman William Whittaker

21st Parliament

|21st general

|February 1, 1946

|April 16, 1949

|Liberal-Conservative coalition

|John HartUntil December 28, 1947

Byron Ingemar Johnson

|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Harold Winch

|None

|Norman William WhittakerUntil 1947

Robert Henry CarsonUntil January, 1949

John Hart

22nd Parliament

|22nd general

|February 14, 1950

|April 10, 1952

|Liberal-Conservative coalition

|Byron Ingemar Johnson

|Co-operative Commonwealth FederationUntil February, 1952

Harold Winch

Conservative

Herbert Anscomb

|None

|Nancy Hodges

23rd Assembly

|23rd general

|February 3, 1953

|March 27, 1953

|Social Credit

|W. A. C. Bennett

|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Harold Winch

|Liberal

Arthur Laing

Progressive Conservative

Herbert Anscomb

|Thomas James Irwin

24th Parliament

|24th general

|September 15, 1953

|August 13, 1956

|Social Credit

|W. A. C. Bennett

|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Arnold Webster

|Liberal

Arthur Laing

Progressive Conservative

Deane Finlayson

|Thomas James Irwin

25th Parliament

|25th general

|February 7, 1957

|August 3, 1960

|Social Credit

|W. A. C. Bennett

|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Robert Strachan

|Liberal

Ray Perrault

|Thomas James IrwinUntil April, 1957

Lorne Shantz

26th Parliament

|26th general

|January 26, 1961

|August 21, 1963

|Social Credit

|W. A. C. Bennett

|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation

Robert Strachan

|Liberal

Ray Perrault

|Lorne Shantz

27th Parliament

|27th general

|January 23, 1964

|August 5, 1966

|Social Credit

|W. A. C. Bennett

|New Democratic Party

Robert Strachan

|Liberal

Ray Perrault

|William Harvey Murray

28th Parliament

|28th general

|January 24, 1967

|July 21, 1969

|Social Credit

|W. A. C. Bennett

|New Democratic Party

Robert Strachan

|Liberal

Ray Perrault

|William Harvey Murray

29th Parliament

3 sessions

|29th general

|January 22, 1970

|July 24, 1972

|Social Credit

|W. A. C. Bennett

|New Democratic Party

Dave Barrett

|Liberal

Pat McGeer

|William Harvey Murray

30th Parliament

5 sessions

|30th general

|October 17, 1972

|November 3, 1975

|New Democratic Party

|Dave Barrett

|Social Credit

W. A. C. BennettUntil November, 1973

Bill Bennett

|Liberal

David Anderson

Progressive Conservative

Derril Thomas Warren

|Gordon Dowding

31st Parliament

4 sessions

|31st general

|March 17, 1976

|April 3, 1979

|Social Credit

|Bill Bennett

|New Democratic Party

William Stewart KingUntil June, 1976

Dave Barrett

|Liberal

Gordon Gibson

Progressive Conservative

George Scott Wallace

|Ed SmithUntil 1978

Harvey Schroeder

32nd Parliament

4 sessions

|32nd general

|June 6, 1979

|April 7, 1983

|Social Credit

|Bill Bennett

|New Democratic Party

Dave Barrett

|None

|Harvey SchroederUntil 1982

Kenneth Walter Davidson

33rd Parliament

4 sessions

|33rd general

|June 23, 1983

|September 24, 1986

|Social Credit

|Bill BennettUntil August 1986

Bill Vander Zalm

|New Democratic Party

Dave BarrettUntil May 1984

Bob Skelly

|None

|Kenneth Walter Davidson

34th Parliament

5 sessions

|34th general

|March 9, 1987

|September 19, 1991

|Social Credit

|Bill Vander ZalmUntil April 2, 1991

Rita Johnston

|New Democratic Party

Bob Skelly

|None

|John Douglas ReynoldsUntil 1989

Stephen Rogers

35th Parliament

5 sessions

|35th general

|March 17, 1992

|April 30, 1996

|New Democratic Party

|Mike HarcourtUntil February 22, 1996

Glen Clark

|Liberal

Gordon Wilson

|Social Credit

Rita Johnston

|Joan SawickiUntil 1994

Emery Barnes

36th Parliament

5 sessions

|36th general

|June 25, 1996

|April 18, 2001{{cite web |title=Electoral History of British Columbia, Supplement, 1987-2001 |url=http://www.elections.bc.ca/docs/rpt/1987-2001-ElectionHistory.pdf |access-date=2011-08-04 |publisher=Elections BC}}

|New Democratic Party

|Glen ClarkUntil August 25, 1999

Dan MillerUntil February 24, 2000

Ujjal Dosanjh

|Liberal

Gordon Campbell

|Reform

Jack Weisgerber

Progressive Democrat

Gordon Wilson

|Dale LovickUntil 1998

Gretchen BrewinUntil 2000

William James Hartley

37th Parliament

6 sessions

|37th general

|June 19, 2001

|2005

|Liberal

|Gordon Campbell

|New Democratic Party

Joy MacPhail

|None

|Claude Richmond

38th Parliament

5 sessions

|38th general

|September 12, 2005

|2009

|Liberal

|Gordon Campbell

|New Democratic Party

Carole James

|None

|Bill Barisoff

39th Parliament

5 sessions{{cite web |url=http://www.leg.bc.ca/documents/4-3-0.htm |title=Previous Sessions Debates and Indexes |publisher=Legislative Assembly of British Columbia |work=Hansard Services |access-date=2014-04-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110219054452/http://www.leg.bc.ca/documents/4-3-0.htm |archive-date=2011-02-19 }}

|39th general

|August 29, 2009

|April 16, 2013

|Liberal

|Gordon CampbellUntil March 14, 2011

Christy Clark

|New Democratic Party

Adrian Dix

|None

|Bill Barisoff

40th Parliament

|40th general

|June 26, 2013

|April 11, 2017

|Liberal

|Christy Clark

|New Democratic Party

Adrian DixUntil May 4, 2014
John Horgan

|Green

Andrew J. WeaverFrom December 9, 2015

|Linda Reid

41st Parliament

|41st general

|June 26, 2017

|September 21, 2020

|Liberaluntil July 18, 2017; government defeated in a non-confidence vote June 29, 2017
New Democratic Party

|Christy Clarkuntil July 18, 2017; government defeated in a non-confidence vote June 29, 2017
John Horgan

|New Democratic Party

John Horganuntil July 18, 2017
Liberal
Christy Clark

|Green

Andrew J. Weaveruntil January 6, 2020

Adam Olsenuntil September 14, 2020

Sonia Furstenau

|Steve Thomsonuntil June 29, 2017

Darryl Plecas

42nd Parliament

|42nd general

|Dec 7, 2020

|Sep 21, 2024

|New Democratic Party

|John Horganuntil November 18, 2022
David Eby

|Liberal / BC United
Andrew Wilkinsonuntil November 21, 2020
Shirley Bonduntil May 16, 2022
Kevin Falcon

|Green
Sonia Furstenau

|Raj Chouhan

43rd Parliament

|43rd general

|Feb 18, 2025

|(n/a)

|New Democratic Party

|David Eby

|Conservative
John RustadLeader of the Conservative Party.

|Green
Sonia FurstenauLost seat in 2024 election. Leads party from outside the legislature.

|Raj Chouhan

Notes

{{Reflist|group="nb"|colwidth=19em}}

References

{{reflist}}

{{British Columbia politics}}

{{British Columbia Legislative Assemblies}}

{{Canadian Legislative Bodies}}

Category:1871 establishments in British Columbia