Les Éboulements

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Les Éboulements

| native_name =

| settlement_type = Municipality

| image_skyline = Les-Eboulements.JPG

| imagesize =

| image_alt = Les Éboulements seen from the hill

| image_flag =

| flag_size = 120x100px

| image_shield = Les eboulements.png

| shield_size = 100x80px

| nickname =

| motto =

| image_map = Les Éboulements Quebec location diagram.png

| map_caption = Location within Charlevoix RCM

| pushpin_map = Canada Central Quebec

| pushpin_label_position = left

| pushpin_label =

| pushpin_map_caption = Location in central Quebec

| coordinates = {{coord|47|29|N|70|19|W|region:CA-QC|display=inline,title}}

| coor_pinpoint =

| coordinates_footnotes=

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = {{CAN}}

| subdivision_type1 = Province

| subdivision_name1 = {{QC}}

| subdivision_type2 = Region

| subdivision_name2 = Capitale-Nationale

| subdivision_type3 = RCM

| subdivision_name3 = Charlevoix

| established_title = Settled

| established_date = c. 1710

| established_title1 = Constituted

| established_date1 = September 19, 2001

| established_date2 =

| government_footnotes = {{mamrot |{{#property:P3856}} |access-date=2024-10-30}}

| government_type =

| leader_title = Mayor

| leader_name = Emmanuel Deschênes

| leader_title1 = Federal riding

| leader_name1 = Montmorency—Charlevoix

| leader_title2 = Prov. riding

| leader_name2 = Charlevoix–Côte-de-Beaupré

| area_footnotes = {{SCref |year=2021 |unit=csd |code={{#property:P3012}} |access-date=2024-10-30}}

| area_total_km2 = 157.28

| area_land_km2 = 156.19

| area_water_km2 =

| area_note =

| elevation_footnotes =

| elevation_m = 365

| population_footnotes =

| population_total = 1465

| population_as_of = 2021

| population_density_km2= 9.4

| population_blank1_title= Pop (2016-21)

| population_blank1 = {{increase}} 10.1%

| population_blank2_title= Dwellings

| population_blank2 = 925

| population_note =

| timezone = EST

| utc_offset = −5

| timezone_DST = EDT

| utc_offset_DST = −4

| postal_code_type = Postal code(s)

| postal_code = G0A 2M0

| area_code = 418 and 581

| blank_name = Highways

| blank_info = {{jct|state=QC|QC|362}}

| website = {{Official URL}}

| footnotes =

}}

Les Éboulements ({{IPA|fr|lez‿ebulmɑ̃}}) is a municipality in the Capitale-Nationale region of Quebec, Canada.

Its population centres include Les Éboulements (located along Route 362 on the plateau overlooking the Saint Lawrence River), Éboulements-Est (at the feet of Mount Éboulements), Cap-aux-Oies, Sainte-Marie-de-Charlevoix, and Saint-Joseph-de-la-Rive (on the shores of the Saint Lawrence facing Saint-Bernard-sur-Mer). Saint-Joseph-de-la-Rive, formerly known as Les Éboulements-en-Bas and Quai-des-Éboulements, is the departure point for ferries to L'Isle-aux-Coudres.

The municipality is member of the Association of Most Beautiful Villages of Quebec due to its country heritage and to the beautiful architecture and character of its houses.

History

In February 1663, a strong earthquake shook the Charlevoix region and triggered a large landslide down the slopes that characterize the hills of the area to the Saint Lawrence coast. Among the many eyewitnesses that testified to the significance of the event, Gabriel Lalement wrote: "near the Bay called St. Paul, there was a small mountain alongside the river, a quarter of a league in circumference, which was abyssed, and as if it had not done that dive, it came out of the bottom to change into an islet." Thereafter the area was known as les Éboulements (French for "the landslides").{{cite web |url=http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/CT/toposweb/fiche.aspx?no_seq=35634 |title=Les Éboulements (Municipalité) |publisher=Commission de toponymie du Québec |accessdate=2010-05-10 |language=French}}

On April 1, 1683, the Éboulements Seignory was granted to Pierre Lessard by Governor La Barre and Intendant de Meulles, having an area of 1¼ league wide by 2 leagues deep. In 1710, the seignory was acquired by Pierre Tremblay who really began its development and granted concessions to settlers arriving at the beginning of the 18th century. In 1732, the parish was founded.{{cite web |url=http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/CT/toposweb/fiche.aspx?no_seq=118935 |title=Seigneurie des Éboulements |publisher=Commission de toponymie du Québec |accessdate=2010-05-10 |language=French}}{{cite web |url=http://www.leseboulements.com/profil-municipal/historique |title=Historique |publisher=Municipalité des Éboulements |accessdate=2010-05-10 |language=French}}

In 1810, the seignory was sold to Pierre de Sales Laterrière. In 1845, the municipality was originally established as L'Assomption-de-Notre-Dame-des-Éboulements, but abolished two years later. In 1855, it was reestablished as L'Assomption-de-la-Sainte-Vierge, and in 1859, the seignorial system was abolished by the municipal council.

In 1931, the Village Municipality of Saint-Joseph-de-la-Rive was formed when it separated from the Municipality of L'Assomption-de-la-Sainte-Vierge. In 1956, the municipality was renamed to Les Éboulements. In 2001, Les Éboulements and Saint-Joseph-de-la-Rive were merged and formed the new Municipality of Les Éboulements.

On October 13, 1997, a bus travelling down the steep road to Saint-Joseph-de-la-Rive failed to slow down and negotiate a turn, crashed through the barriers and plunged over 10 meters into a ravine. This accident killed 44 persons, making it the deadliest road accident in Canadian history.{{cite web|url=http://www.history.ca/ontv/titledetails.aspx?titleid=70278 |title=Disasters of the Century V; Death in a small town |publisher=History Television/CW Media Inc. |accessdate=2010-05-12 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706182949/http://www.history.ca/ontv/titledetails.aspx?titleid=70278 |archivedate=2011-07-06 }}

Rolling downhill the Route du Port in September 2008 the Guinness World Record for Street luge has been established at 157.41 km/h (97 mph).[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmcG6FW8Dv8 Streetluge - 157.41km/h world speed record, g3longboard, youtube-Video (1:33) 2. Oktober 2008, retrieved 17 December 2015. (French) - Aired TV Direct, 30. September 2008.]

Geography

File:Les Éboulements à l'aube l'hiver.jpg

Les Éboulements is located in the centre of the Charlevoix impact structure. Mount Éboulements (Mont des Éboulements), in the eastern part of the municipality, is considered the central rebound of the Earth's crust following moments after the meteor impact some 350 million years ago. This mountain, appearing on a map in 1837 by H. W. Bayfield as "Mt Eboulemens" {{sic}}, has an altitude of {{convert|770|m|ft|sp=us}}.{{cite web |url=http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/CT/toposweb/fiche.aspx?no_seq=20233 |title=Mont des Éboulements |publisher=Commission de toponymie du Québec |accessdate=2010-05-12 |language=French}}

Rivers within the municipality include the Boudreault and Seigneur Rivers, both small tributaries of the Saint Lawrence River.

Demographics

{{Historical populations

|title = {{Nowrap|Historical census populations –}} Les Éboulements

|align = none

|cols = 3

|percentages =

|footnote = Population counts are not adjusted for boundary changes and merger.

|source = Statistics Canada{{cite journal |title=1971 Census of Canada - Population Census Subdivisions (Historical) |journal=Catalogue 92-702 Vol I, part 1 (Bulletin 1.1-2) |date=July 1973 |pages=76, 139 |publisher=Statistics Canada}}

1996, 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016, 2021 census

| 1861 |2235

| 1871 |2115

| 1881 |2518

| 1891 |2608

| 1901 |2369

| 1911 |2138

| 1921 |1950

| 1931 |1522

| 1941 |1612

| 1951 |1698

| 1956 |1710

| 1961 |1644

| 1966 |1412

| 1971 |1281

| 1976 |1190

| 1981 |1230

| 1986 |1086

| 1991 |1013

| 1996 |1013

| 2001 |1027

| 2006 |1264

| 2011 |1328

| 2016 |1331

| 2021 |1465

}}

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents (2021): 643 (total dwellings: 925)

Mother tongue (2021):

French as first language: 97.3%
English as first language: 0.3%
English and French as first language: 0%
Other as first language: 2.0%

Arts and culture

The community appears in the National Film Board of Canada's films On the Sea (1960) by René Bonnière and Pierre Perrault.{{Cite web |author=National Film Board of Canada |title=On the Sea |url=https://www.nfb.ca/film/on-the-sea/ |language=en |access-date=2022-04-07}} and Terre de nos aïeux (1943) directed by Jane Marsh{{Cite web |author=National Film Board of Canada|title=Terre de nos aïeux |url=https://www.nfb.ca/film/terre_de_nos_aieux/ |language=en |access-date=2022-04-07}}