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Lesser omentum

{{Short description|Double layer of peritoneum in the abdomen}}

{{Infobox anatomy

| Name = Lesser omentum

| Latin = omentum minus

| Image = Slide8ddd.JPG

| Caption = The lesser omentum extends from the liver to the stomach and the duodenum

| Image2 = Lesser_omentum_EN.svg

| Caption2 =

| Precursor =

| System =

| Artery =

| Vein =

| Nerve =

| Lymph =

}}

The lesser omentum (small omentum or gastrohepatic omentum) is the double layer of peritoneum that extends from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach, and to the first part of the duodenum. The lesser omentum is usually divided into these two connecting parts: the hepatogastric ligament, and the hepatoduodenal ligament.

Structure

File:Gray984.png

File:Gray1104.png

The lesser omentum is extremely thin, and is continuous with the two layers of peritoneum which cover respectively the antero-superior and postero-inferior surfaces of the stomach and first part of the duodenum.

When these two layers reach the lesser curvature of the stomach and the upper border of the duodenum, they join and ascend as a double fold to the porta hepatis.

To the left of the porta, the fold is attached to the bottom of the fossa for the ductus venosus, along which it is carried to the diaphragm, where the two layers separate to embrace the end of the esophagus.

At the right border of the lesser omentum, the two layers are continuous, and form a free margin which constitutes the anterior boundary of the omental foramen.

Divisions

Anatomically, the lesser omentum is divided into ligaments, each starting with the prefix "hepato" to indicate that it connects to the liver at one end.

Most sources divide it into two parts:{{NormanAnatomy|abdominalcavity}} ({{NormanAnatomyFig|peritoneumonsagcut}}, {{NormanAnatomyFig|xsectthrulesseromentum}})

In some cases, the following ligaments are considered part of the lesser omentum:

Contents

Between the two layers of the lesser omentum, close to the right free margin, are the hepatic artery proper, the common bile duct, the portal vein, lymphatics, and the hepatic plexus of nerves—all these structures being enclosed in a fibrous capsule (Glisson's capsule).

Between the layers of the lesser omentum, where they are attached to the stomach, run the right and left gastric arteries, as well as the gastric veins.

Additional images

File:Gray990.png|Diagrams to illustrate the development of the greater omentum and transverse mesocolon.

File:Gray1039.png|Horizontal disposition of the peritoneum in the upper part of the abdomen.

See also

References

{{Gray's}}

External links

  • {{cite journal |last1=Weiglein |first1=Andreas H. |title=Variations and topography of the arteries in the lesser omentum in humans |journal=Clinical Anatomy |date=1996 |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=143–150 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1098-2353(1996)9:3<143::AID-CA1>3.0.CO;2-H |pmid=8740472 }}
  • {{cite book |doi=10.1007/978-1-4612-3436-4_3 |chapter=Anatomy of the greater and lesser omentum in the mouse with some physiological implications |title=The Omentum |year=1990 |last1=Dux |first1=K. |pages=19–43 |isbn=978-1-4612-8011-8 }}
  • {{cite journal |last1=Nayak |first1=Satheesha B |title=Abnormal peritoneal fold connecting the greater omentum with the liver, gallbladder, right kidney and lesser omentum. |journal=Bratislavske Lekarske Listy |date=2009 |volume=110 |issue=11 |pages=736–737 |pmid=20120448 |url=http://bmj.fmed.uniba.sk/2009/11011-17.pdf }}
  • {{SUNYAnatomyFigs|37|04|01}} - "The stomach and lesser omentum."
  • {{SUNYAnatomyLabs|37|05|01|00}} - "Abdominal Cavity: The Lesser Omentum"
  • {{SUNYAnatomyLabs|38|03|01|02}} - "Stomach, Spleen and Liver: Contents of the Hepatoduodenal Ligament"
  • {{SUNYAnatomyImage|7|8|23}}
  • {{SUNYAnatomyImage|8|1|47}}
  • {{UMichAnatomyModule|peritoneal_dev_module/peritoneal_06|Peritoneal Cavity Development - Page 6 of 14}}

{{Peritoneum}}

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Category:Abdomen