Levi Weeks#Murder trial
{{Short description|American architect and alleged murderer (1776–1819)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Levi Weeks
| birth_date = {{birth year|1776}}
| birth_place = Greenwich, Massachusetts
| death_date = {{death year and age|1819|1776}}
| known_for = Accused of murder in 1799
| family = Ezra Weeks (brother)
}}
Levi Weeks (1776 – 1819) was an American carpenter, known for being the accused in the infamous Manhattan Well Murder trial of 1800, the first murder trial in the United States for which there is a recorded transcript.{{cite book |last=Kleiger |first=Estelle |title=The Trial of Levi Weeks Or the Manhattan Well Mystery. The Story of the First Recorded Murder Trial in U.S. History, New York, 1800. |date=1989 |publisher=Academy Chicago Publishers |location=New York}}* {{cite book |last1=Lawson |first1=John Davison |url=https://archive.org/details/americanstatetr06lawsgoog/page/n31/mode/2up |title=American State Trials: A Collection of the Important and Interesting Criminal Trials which Have Taken Place in the United States, from the Beginning of Our Government to the Present Day with Notes and Annotations. Volume 1. |last2=Howard |first2=Robert Lorenzo |date=1914 |publisher=Thomas Law Book Company |location=St. Louis}}. Refer to the first chapter, "The Trial of LEVI WEEKS for the Murder of GULIELMA SANDS, New York City, 1800", pages 1–40.
He was the brother of Ezra Weeks, one of New York City's most successful builders of the time.
Early life
Levi Weeks was born in 1776 in Greenwich, Massachusetts. He moved to New York City in 1798 to work for his older brother Ezra.{{Citation
| title = Fascinated by history of Auburn, McGehee compiles house's history
| newspaper = The Natchez Democrat
| location = Natchez, MS
| date = May 4, 2006
| url = http://www.natchezdemocrat.com/2006/09/17/fascinated-by-history-of-auburn-mcgehee-compiles-houses-history/
}}
Murder trial
File:Aaron Burr's strategim at the Weeks (i.e. Levi Weeks) trial LCCN2006687274.jpg
Weeks was accused of murdering Gulielma "Elma" Sands, a young woman whom he had been courting.{{cite book
|date=1800
|title=Report of the trial of Levi Weeks on an indictment for the murder of Gulielma Sands, on Monday the thirty-first day of March, and Tuesday the first day of April, 1800.
|location= New York
|publisher=John Furman
|isbn=978-1275486478
|url=http://memory.loc.gov/service/gdc/scd0001/2005/20051214001re/20051214001re.pdf
}} Court proceedings of the trial taken by the clerk of the court. The Evans Early American Imprint Collection of the University of Michigan also provides an online version of the [http://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/evans/n28782.0001.001?rgn=main;view=fulltext full text]. Elma disappeared on the evening of December 22, 1799. Some of her possessions were found two days later near the recently created Manhattan Well in Lispenard Meadows,{{Citation
| last = Serratore
| first = Angela
| title = The Well on Spring Street
| newspaper = The Paris Review
| location = New York, NY
| date = September 15, 2014
| url = http://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2014/09/15/the-well-on-spring-street/
}}. This article includes both a painting and sketch of Lispenard Meadows during the time period of the murder. located in today's SoHo near the intersection of Greene and Spring Streets.{{Citation
| last = Carr
| first = Nick
| title = In SoHo, a Historied Haunt
| newspaper = Metropolis
| location = New York, NY
| date = October 24, 2011
| url = https://blogs.wsj.com/metropolis/2011/10/24/manhattan-bistro-in-soho-manhattan-well-murder/
}}. This article includes a photo of the brickwork of the well, still extant in the basement of 129 Spring Street. Her body was recovered from the well on January 2, 1800. Before leaving her boarding house on the 22nd, Elma told her cousin Catherine Sands that she and Levi were to be secretly married that night.
The trial, which took place on March 31 and April 1, 1800, was sensational. Through his brother's connections and wealth, Weeks retained three of New York's most prominent attorneys, Henry Brockholst Livingston, Aaron Burr, and Alexander Hamilton. {{cite book
|last= Chernow
|first= Ron
|date= 2004
|title= Alexander Hamilton
|location= New York
|publisher= Penguin
|isbn= 978-1594200090
|url-access= registration
|url= https://archive.org/details/alexanderhamilto00cher
}} Refer to Chapter 35, "Gust of Passion". Several years later Burr killed Hamilton during the most famous duel in American history.*{{cite news |last=Simeone|first=Joseph |date=May 27, 2003|title=The strange alliance of two American historical figures, Part I|newspaper=St. Louis Daily Record & St. Louis Countian|location=St. Louis, MO}} New York Supreme Court Chief Justice John Lansing Jr. presided on the bench, and future Mayor of New York Cadwallader David Colden was the prosecutor.
Although Elma was seen leaving with Weeks and a witness claimed to have seen Weeks making measurements at the well the Sunday before the murder,{{Citation
| title = Weeks' trial sheds light on early procedure
| website = History.com
| date = 2009
| url = http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/weeks-trial-sheds-light-on-early-procedure
}} Weeks was acquitted after only five minutes of jury deliberation.{{Citation
| last = Lane
| first = Doris
| title = The Original "Dream Team"
| newspaper = Crime Magazine
| date = April 29, 2009
| url = http://www.crimemagazine.com/original-dream-team
}}
Post-trial life
The public strongly disagreed with the verdict, and Weeks was ostracized by the citizens of the city, forcing him to leave New York. He eventually settled in Natchez, Mississippi, where he became a well-respected architect and builder. He married Ann Greenleaf in Natchez and they had four children. Weeks died in Natchez in 1819, at the age of 43. A house in Natchez designed by Weeks, Auburn Mansion, is a National Historic Landmark.
In popular culture
- The trial is frequently referenced in the 1973 novel Burr, by Gore Vidal.
- The CBS Radio Mystery Theater episode of March 28, 1978, "The Ghost In The Well," is about the trial and acquittal of Levi Weeks, as told by the ghost of Elma Sands
- The 2015 novel “City of Liars and Thieves” by Eve Karlin describes the entire case from the perspective of Gulielma Sands’ cousin, Catherine Ring.
- In the 2015 musical Hamilton by Lin-Manuel Miranda, the song "Non-Stop" references the trial. However, Henry Brockholst is not mentioned in the song. Additionally, the trial's date is changed, taking place at some unspecified point before the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and after the Treaty of Paris (1783), during the government of the Articles of Confederation.
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.nycourts.gov/history/legal-history-new-york/legal-history-eras-02/history-new-york-legal-eras-people-weeks.html People v Levi Weeks (1800)]. The Historical Society of the New York Courts.
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Weeks, Levi}}
Category:18th-century American trials
Category:1799 crimes in the United States
Category:1800 in New York (state)
Category:18th-century murders in the United States
Category:People from Greenwich, Massachusetts
Category:Architects from New York City
Category:People from Natchez, Mississippi
Category:American people acquitted of murder